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الترفيه مع الفن الغنائي والسردي الشفهي : الكيو يي الصينية
تتناول هذه السلسة مواضيع متنوعة ؛ كالشخصيات الصينية، والمسرح، والموسيقى، والرسم، وتنسيق الحدائق، والعمارة، والغناء الشعبي، والطب، والحرف التقليدية، والفنون القتالية، والعادات، والتقويم الشمسي، فضلا عن الملاحم والأساطير، والحلي والمجوهرات، والأدوات البرونزية، وفن الخط والأدب الصيني. لذا، لا بد تثري معارف القارئ المهتم بتاريخ الصين العريق وفي هذه السلسلة، سيبحر القارئ مستطلعا صورا مدهشة تتراكب بشكل متقن في كتب تصل به إلى قلب الحضارة الصينية وهو في مكانه.
BOOK
Coupling aqueous zinc batteries and perovskite solar cells for simultaneous energy harvest, conversion and storage
Simultaneously harvesting, converting and storing solar energy in a single device represents an ideal technological approach for the next generation of power sources. Herein, we propose a device consisting of an integrated carbon-based perovskite solar cell module capable of harvesting solar energy (and converting it into electricity) and a rechargeable aqueous zinc metal cell. The electrochemical energy storage cell utilizes heterostructural Co
2
P-CoP-NiCoO
2
nanometric arrays and zinc metal as the cathode and anode, respectively, and shows a capacity retention of approximately 78% after 25000 cycles at 32 A/g. In particular, the battery cathode and perovskite material of the solar cell are combined in a sandwich joint electrode unit. As a result, the device delivers a specific power of 54 kW/kg and specific energy of 366 Wh/kg at 32 A/g and 2 A/g, respectively. Moreover, benefiting from its narrow voltage range (1.40–1.90 V), the device demonstrates an efficiency of approximately 6%, which is stable for 200 photocharge and discharge cycles.
Accumulation of intermittent solar energy using secondary batteries is an appealing solution for future power sources. Here, the authors propose a device comprising of perovskite solar cells and aqueous zinc metal batteries connected via the sandwich joint electrode method.
Journal Article
Diverse Phytochemicals and Bioactivities in the Ancient Fruit and Modern Functional Food Pomegranate (Punica granatum)
Having served as a symbolic fruit since ancient times, pomegranate (Punica granatum) has also gained considerable recognition as a functional food in the modern era. A large body of literature has linked pomegranate polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins (ATs) and hydrolyzable tannins (HTs), to the health-promoting activities of pomegranate juice and fruit extracts. However, it remains unclear as to how, and to what extent, the numerous phytochemicals in pomegranate may interact and exert cooperative activities in humans. In this review, we examine the structural and analytical information of the diverse phytochemicals that have been identified in different pomegranate tissues, to establish a knowledge base for characterization of metabolite profiles, discovery of novel phytochemicals, and investigation of phytochemical interactions in pomegranate. We also assess recent findings on the function and molecular mechanism of ATs as well as urolithins, the intestinal microbial derivatives of pomegranate HTs, on human nutrition and health. A better understanding of the structural diversity of pomegranate phytochemicals as well as their bioconversions and bioactivities in humans will facilitate the interrogation of their synergistic/antagonistic interactions and accelerate their applications in dietary-based cancer chemoprevention and treatment in the future.
Journal Article
الطبيعة
إن الرموز الصينية هي أحد أهم معالم اللغة الصينية فهي تعد بالأمر الغريب على كل من هو مبتدئ فى دراسة اللغة ونظرا لكثرة الرموز والتي يتجاوز عددها أكثر من 6000 رمز وهذا يجعل عملية حفظ الرموز شبه مستحيلة ولكن هذه السلسلة الفريدة والأولى من نوعها المترجمة إلى العربية التي تحكي قصة تطور الرمز بدءا من نقشه على عظام السلاحف والألواح النحاسية وبعد انتهائك من هذه السلسلة لن يقف أمامك أي رمز وستتمكن من حفظ وكتابه الرموز بشكل محترف.
Book
Microglial regional heterogeneity and its role in the brain
Microglia have been recently shown to manifest a very interesting phenotypical heterogeneity across different regions in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). However, the underlying mechanism and functional meaning of this phenomenon are currently unclear. Baseline diversities of adult microglia in their cell number, cellular and subcellular structures, molecular signature as well as relevant functions have been discovered. But recent transcriptomic studies using bulk RNAseq and single-cell RNAseq have produced conflicting results on region-specific signatures of microglia. It is highly speculative whether such spatial heterogeneity contributes to varying sensitivities of individual microglia to the same physiological and pathological signals in different CNS regions, and hence underlie their functional relevance for CNS disease development. This review aims to thoroughly summarize up-to-date knowledge on this specific topic and provide some insights on the potential underlying mechanisms, starting from microgliogenesis. Understanding regional heterogeneity of microglia in the context of their diverse neighboring neurons and other glia may provide an important clue for future development of innovative therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Journal Article
Solar‐Driven Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Solar cells and rechargeable batteries are two key technologies for energy conversion and storage in modern society. Here, an integrated solar‐driven rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery system using a joint carbon electrode in one structure unit is proposed. Specifically, three perovskite solar cells are assembled serially in a single substrate to photocharge a high energy lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery, accompanied by direct conversion of the solar energy to chemical energy. In the subsequent discharge process, the chemical energy stored in the Li–S battery is further converted to electrical energy. Therefore, the newly designed battery is capable of achieving solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion under solar‐driven conditions, and subsequently delivering electrical energy from the stored chemical energy. With an optimized structure design, a high overall energy conversion efficiency of 5.14% is realized for the integrated battery. Moreover, owing to the self‐adjusting photocharge advantage, the battery system can retain high specific capacity up to 762.4 mAh g−1 under a high photocharge rate within 30 min, showing an effective photocharging feature.
A perovskite solar cell and lithium–sulfur battery are integrated in one unit as a solar‐driven battery system by using a joint carbon electrode. Owing to the smart charge mode, a high overall efficiency exceeding 5% and high specific capacity of 750 mAh g−1 are obtained under fast photocharge rate approaching 2 C.
Journal Article
Electrical pulse-induced electrochemical biosensor for hepatitis E virus detection
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. In this work, a pulse-triggered ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor was fabricated using graphene quantum dots and gold-embedded polyaniline nanowires, prepared via an interfacial polymerization and then self-assembly approach. Introducing an external electrical pulse during the virus accumulation step increases the sensitivity towards HEV due to the expanded surface of the virus particle as well as the antibody-conjugated polyaniline chain length, compared to other conventional electrochemical sensors. The sensor was applied to various HEV genotypes, including G1, G3, G7 and ferret HEV obtained from cell culture supernatant and in a series of fecal specimen samples collected from G7 HEV-infected monkey. The sensitivity is similar to that detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain (RT-qPCR). These results suggests that the proposed sensor can pave the way for the development of robust, high-performance sensing methodologies for HEV detection.
Detection of viral biomarkers is important for disease treatment and prevention. Here, the authors report on a system that uses an electrical pulse-induced electrochemical sensor for the detection of hepatitis E virus, and demonstrate potential application of the device.
Journal Article
Advancing BiVO4 Photoanode Activity for Ethylene Glycol Oxidation via Strategic pH Control
The photoelectrochemical (PEC) conversion of organic small molecules offers a dual benefit of synthesizing value-added chemicals and concurrently producing hydrogen (H2). Ethylene glycol, with its dual hydroxyl groups, stands out as a versatile organic substrate capable of yielding various C1 and C2 chemicals. In this study, we demonstrate that pH modulation markedly enhances the photocurrent of BiVO4 photoanodes, thus facilitating the efficient oxidation of ethylene glycol while simultaneously generating H2. Our findings reveal that in a pH = 1 ethylene glycol solution, the photocurrent density at 1.23 V vs. RHE can attain an impressive 7.1 mA cm−2, significantly surpassing the outputs in neutral and highly alkaline environments. The increase in photocurrent is attributed to the augmented adsorption of ethylene glycol on BiVO4 under acidic conditions, which in turn elevates the activity of the oxidation reaction, culminating in the maximal production of formic acid. This investigation sheds light on the pivotal role of electrolyte pH in the PEC oxidation process and underscores the potential of the PEC strategy for biomass valorization into value-added products alongside H2 fuel generation.
Journal Article