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"Li, Xueqin"
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الأدوات البرونزية للصين
يعتبر ظهور الأدوات البرونزية قفزة مهمة في تاريخ الحضارة الإنسانية. وعلي الرغم من أن العصر البرونزي في الصين لم يكن الأول في تاريخ البشرية، ولكن الأدوات البرونزية في الصين القديمة قد احتلت مكانة فريدة في تاريخ الحضارة العالمية اعتمادا علي أنواعها المتنوعة وأنماطها الغنية وعملية السبك الدقيقة والدلالة التاريخية والثقافية العميقة التي يحملها كل عمل برونزي في الصين القديمة. وهذا الكتاب الذي بين يدي القارئ الكريم يعرفن بلغة واضحة وحية وبالشرح والصور على أحد اوجه الثقافة والفنون الصينية الشهيرة والتي هي ثقافة البرونز الرائعة في الصين القديمة، فمن خلال قطعة من القطع البرونزية الثمينة يمكننا أن نستمع إلي صوت العصر البرونزي من أماكن بعيدة وتجربة أسلوب فريد من نوعه في ذلك العصر الذي مازالت أسراره بعيدة عن متناول القارئ العربي والتي نحاول من خلال هذا الكتاب أن نقدمها بشكل موجز وواضح لننقل للقارئ الكريم وجها جديدا عليه من أوجه الحضارة الصينية المتميزة.
Book
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts contribute to cisplatin resistance by modulating ANXA3 in lung cancer cells
Cancer tissues consist of cancer cells, surrounding stromal cells and the extracellular matrix. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) are one of the key components of stromal cells. CAF have a great impact on the behavior of cancer cells, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance in many ways. However, the underlying mechanism had not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of CAF in cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells. By using conditioned medium from CAF (CAF‐CM), we found that CAF decreased the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. RNA sequencing results showed that CAF expressed a higher level of Annexin A3 (ANXA3) than normal fibroblasts (NF), and CAF‐CM incubation increased the ANXA3 level in lung cancer cells. Overexpression of ANXA3 in lung cancer cells increased cisplatin resistance and activated c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), whereas knockdown of ANXA3 increased cisplatin sensitivity. Further study showed that CAF‐CM enhanced cisplatin resistance by inhibiting cisplatin‐induced apoptosis, determined by repression of caspase‐3 and caspase‐8, through activation of the ANXA3/JNK pathway. Conversely, suppression of JNK activation by specific inhibitor retarded the effect of CAF‐CM and ANXA3 on cisplatin sensitivity. Taken together, our study demonstrated that CAF potentiated chemoresistance of lung cancer cells through a novel ANXA3/JNK pathway both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting ANXA3 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of chemoresistant cancer. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts decreased the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. CAF expressed higher level of ANXA3 than normal fibroblasts (NF), and CAF‐CM incubation increased the ANXA3 level in lung cancer cells. CAF potentiated chemoresistance of lung cancer cells through a novel ANXA3/JNK pathway both in vitro and in vivo.
Journal Article
Innovative BIM technology application in the construction management of highway
Within the global architecture, engineering, and construction industry, the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has significantly expanded. However, given the unique characteristics of road infrastructure, the application of BIM technology is still being explored. This article focuses on the Yuanchen Expressway, exploring innovative applications of BIM technology in comprehensive construction management. The project employs advanced technologies, including BIM, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Internet of Things (IoT), to precisely identify critical nodes and breakthroughs. Supported by a detailed BIM model and a multi-level, diversified digital management platform, the project effectively addresses construction challenges in multiple tunnels, bridges, and complex interchanges, achieving intelligent construction innovation throughout the Yuanchen Expressway with BIM technology. By guiding construction through BIM models, utilizing a BIM+GIS-based management cloud platform system, and employing VR safety briefings, the project effectively reduces the difficulty of communication and coordination in project management, shortens the project measurement cycle, improves on-site work efficiency, and ensures comprehensive control and safety management. This article provides an exemplary case for the application of full-line construction management using BIM technology in the highway sector both in China and globally, offering new perspectives and strategies for highway construction management.
Journal Article
Responses of soil bacterial communities to precipitation change in the semi-arid alpine grassland of Northern Tibet
A change in precipitation can profoundly change the structure of soil microbial communities, especially in arid and semi-arid areas which are limited by moisture conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to explore how soil bacterial community composition and diversity will respond to variation in precipitation. Here we conducted a precipitation control experiment to simulate precipitation change by reducing and increasing rainfall by 25%, 50%, and 75% in the alpine grasslands of northern Tibet. The composition, diversity, and species interaction network of soil microbial community were studied by high-throughput sequencing, and the relationship between microbial community species and soil environmental factors was analyzed. Our results showed that Proteobacteria (45%–52%) and Actinobacteria (37%–45%) were the dominant bacteria in the soil. The alpha diversity index based on Shannon, Chao1, and Simpson indices revealed that precipitation change had no significant effect on richness and evenness of soil microbial communities. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed that a clear separation of soil microbial communities between D2(-50%),D3(-75%) and W2(+50%), W3(+75%) treatments. The microbial interaction network indicated that the water-increasing treatment group had closer connections, and Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes were the core species. Furthermore, there was a stronger positive correlation between species in the water-reducing treatment group, the contribution of Proteobacteria decreased significantly, the role of connecting hub decreased, and Actinomycetes became the most important core microbial species. In addition, soil water content (SWC) and available phosphorus (AP) were closely related to the variations in soil microbial compositions. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the driving mechanism of global climate change on soil microbial community and grassland ecosystem in alpine grassland.
Journal Article
How urbanisation alters the intensity of the urban heat island in a tropical African city
Due to the combined effects of urban growth and climate change, rapid urbanisation is particularly challenging in African cities. Areas that will house a large proportion of the urban population in the future coincide with where natural hazards are expected to occur, and where hazard risk management institutions, knowledge, and capacity are often lacking. One of the challenges posed by rapid urbanisation is the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, whereby urban areas are warmer than the surrounding rural areas. This study investigates urbanisation patterns and alterations in surface UHI (SUHI) intensity for the Kampala urban cluster, Uganda. Analyses show that between 1995 and 2017, Kampala underwent extensive changes to its urban built-up area. From the centre of the city to adjoining non-built up areas in all directions, the urban land cover increased from 12,133 ha in 1995 to 25,389 ha in 2016. The area of SUHI intensity in Kampala expanded significantly over the 15-year period of study, expanding from 22,910 ha in 2003 to 27,900 ha in 2016, while the annual daytime SUHI of 2.2°C in 2003 had decreased to 1.9°C by 2017. Although SUHI intensity decreased in some parts of the city, elsewhere it increased, suggesting that urbanisation does not always lead to a deterioration of environmental conditions. We postulate that urban development may therefore not necessarily create an undesirable impact on local climate if it is properly managed. Rapidly growing cities in Africa and elsewhere should ensure that the dynamics of their development are directed towards mitigating potentially harmful environmental impacts, such as UHI effect through careful planning that considers both bluespaces and greenspaces.
Journal Article
Targeting SOX13 inhibits assembly of respiratory chain supercomplexes to overcome ferroptosis resistance in gastric cancer
Therapeutic resistance represents a bottleneck to treatment in advanced gastric cancer (GC). Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death and is associated with anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy. Further investigations are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Ferroptosis-resistant GC cell lines are constructed. Dysregulated mRNAs between ferroptosis-resistant and parental cell lines are identified. The expression of SOX13/SCAF1 is manipulated in GC cell lines where relevant biological and molecular analyses are performed. Molecular docking and computational screening are performed to screen potential inhibitors of SOX13. We show that SOX13 boosts protein remodeling of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes by directly transactivating SCAF1. This leads to increased supercomplexes (SCs) assembly, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial energetics and chemo- and immune-resistance. Zanamivir, reverts the ferroptosis-resistant phenotype via directly targeting SOX13 and promoting TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of SOX13. Here we show, SOX13/SCAF1 are important in ferroptosis-resistance, and targeting SOX13 with zanamivir has therapeutic potential.
The ability of anti-cancer therapies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy to induce ferroptosis has been linked to their efficacy. Here, the authors demonstrate that SOX13 promotes ferroptosis-resistance via transactivation of SCAF1, identifying SOX13 as a targeted therapeutic vulnerability in gastric cancer.
Journal Article
Serum sST2: key biomarker in COVID-19 patients with implications for coronary artery disease
Background
As the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic persists, post-COVID-19 syndrome (PS), characterized by symptoms like chest pain, fatigue, and palpitations, is becoming a significant medical and social issue. COVID-19 patients with existing coronary artery disease (CAD) may face higher risks of complications. It is crucial to assess if PS patients also have CAD, though data is limited.
Methods
We studied 75 COVID-19 patients and 68 non-COVID-19 patients admitted to our hospital between 2022/12/20 to 2023/01/20. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected upon admission. The Gensini score (GS) was used to assess coronary atherosclerosis severity. Patients were categorized by GS and clinical traits to identify potential independent risks linked to CAD and COVID-19 severity.
Results
COVID-19 patients with existing CAD had higher levels of serum soluble growth stimulation expression of gene 2 protein (sST2), myeloperoxidase, ALT, AST, PT, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and hypersensitive troponin-I (hs-cTnI), along with longer hospital stays, more ICU admissions, and increased heart failure and ACS morbidity compared to those without CAD. Univariate and multivariate analysis identified sST2 as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 patients with coexisting CAD (odds ratio 1.122). sST2 levels were positively correlated with coronary angiography GS (
r
= 0.474,
p
< 0.001) in COVID-19 patients and were significantly higher in cases with GS ≥ 32, regardless of COVID-19 status (
p
< 0.001) and specifically in COVID-19 patients (
p
= 0.006). ROC analysis showed sST2 predicted ICU admission, hospital stay duration, and morbidity of HF and ACS similarly to GS.
Conclusions
Admission serum sST2 levels should be considered in COVID-19 patients with CAD-like symptoms for treatment planning and could serve as a prognostic biomarker for COVID-19 with co-existing CAD in clinical practice.
Journal Article
Sustainable Bi-directional thermoregulation fabric for clothing microclimate
Maintaining the balance of clothing microclimate is critical for human health management. An ideal smart textile should possess key characteristics such as active thermoregulation, moisture permeability, and stable working performance. However, such a fabric that encompasses all these capabilities is rarely reported. Herein, we report a sustainable and durable bi-directional thermoregulation fabric (Bi-DTF) by hierarchical structural engineering strategy. This advancement stems from the programmability of the molecular chains, aiming to reduce chain aggregation, improve functional particle compatibility, and build dynamic stress-dissipative networks, thus fully enhancing the robustness of composite fibrous membranes. The optimized Bi-DTF substantially eliminates the heat/cold irritation caused by environmental switching, featuring high energy storage density (4.1 kJ m
−2
) and stable work performance even after 50 standard washing cycles and 500 rubbing cycles. Compared with commercial textiles, Bi-DTF offers a maximum thermal temperature difference of only 2.3 °C and a cooling temperature difference of 2.6 °C when going through the heating and cooling cycles. Due to its exceptional personal thermoregulation performance and long-term stability, this proposed strategy exhibits considerable potential for the application of healthcare, outdoor sports, and protective clothing.
Ideally smart textiles should be able to thermoregulate, be moisture permeable, and have a stable working performance, though it is challenging to balance these properties. Here the authors design a fabric, by reducing polymer chain aggregation, balancing the ideal properties for smart fabrics.
Journal Article
Mitochondrial STAT3 exacerbates LPS-induced sepsis by driving CPT1a-mediated fatty acid oxidation
We found that a subset of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) translocated into mitochondria in phagocytes, including macrophages isolated from individuals with sepsis. However, the role of mitochondrial STAT3 in macrophages remains unclear.
To investigate the function of mitochondrial STAT3
, we generated inducible mitochondrial STAT3 knock-in mice. A cytokine array analysis, a CBA analysis, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining and quantification and metabolic analyses
were subsequently performed in an LPS-induced sepsis model. Single-cell RNA sequencing, a microarray analysis, metabolic assays, mass spectrometry and ChIP assays were utilized to gain insight into the mechanisms of mitochondrial STAT3 in metabolic reprogramming in LPS-induced sepsis.
We found that mitochondrial STAT3 induced NF-κB nuclear localization and exacerbated LPS-induced sepsis in parallel with a metabolic switch from mainly using glucose to an increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Moreover, mitochondrial STAT3 abrogated carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a (CPT1a) ubiquitination and degradation in LPS-treated macrophages. Meanwhile, an interaction between CPT1a and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 50 (USP50) was observed. In contrast, knocking down USP50 decreased CPT1a expression and FAO mediated by mitochondrial STAT3. The ChIP assays revealed that NF-κB bound the USP50 promoter. Curcumin alleviated LPS-mediated sepsis by suppressing the activities of mitochondrial STAT3 and NF-κB.
Our findings reveal that mitochondrial STAT3 could trigger FAO by inducing CPT1a stabilization mediated by USP50 in macrophages, at least partially.
Journal Article
Association Between Internet Use and Sleep Health Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Individuals: Nationwide Longitudinal Study
Sleep disorders are common among older adults and have a bidirectional impact on their emotional well-being. While some studies suggest that internet use may offer mental health benefits to this population, the relationship between internet use and sleep outcomes remains underexplored.
This study investigates the association between internet use (including use frequency) and sleep quality and duration in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
A longitudinal analysis was conducted using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data from 2015 to 2018. Sleep quality was assessed using the sleep item from the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, categorized as \"good\" (<1 day; reference), \"fair\" (1-4 days), or \"poor\" (5-7 days). Sleep duration was classified as short (<6 hours), medium (6-9 hours; reference), or long (>9 hours). Adjusted multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between internet use or frequency in 2015 and sleep quality or duration in 2018, controlling for age, sex, residence, diseases, smoking, drinking, and napping time and further exploring sex and age group variations.
The baseline analysis included 18,460 participants aged 45 years and older, with 1272 (6.9%) internet users, 8825 (48.1%) participants had fair or poor sleep, and 6750 (37.2%) participants had abnormal sleep duration. Internet users, particularly those who used it almost daily, were less likely to report poor sleep quality (relative risk [RR] 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.94) and longer sleep duration (RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.11-0.44) than nonusers. In the longitudinal analysis, baseline internet users had a significantly reduced risk of fair (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51-0.86) and poor sleep quality (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.44-0.81), as well as short (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.53-1.00) and long sleep duration (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.72) during the follow-up period than nonusers. These associations remained significant for almost daily internet use (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15-0.69). Subgroup analyses by sex revealed a positive relationship between internet use and sleep quality, with a stronger effect in female (poor sleep: RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.36-0.89) than male (poor sleep: RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.92) participants. The effect on sleep duration was significant only in daily male users, showing a reduced risk of long sleep duration (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.78). In the age subgroup analysis, most internet users were in the 45- to 59-year age group, with results consistent with the overall findings.
This study suggests that internet use is associated with a reduced risk of sleep problems in middle-aged and older adults. The findings indicate that moderate, regular internet engagement-such as daily use-may promote better sleep health in this population.
Journal Article