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"Li, Yiyun"
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Where reasons end : a novel
\"'I had but one delusion, which I held onto with all my willpower: we once gave Nikolai a life of flesh and blood; and I'm doing it over again, this time by words.' In a world created outside of time, Li and the son who died talk about their lives. Deeply intimate and moving, this story cycle of grief captures the love and humor in a relationship which goes on now in a mother's heart, between a mother and child, even as it captures the pain of Li's sadness and loss. Written in the months following her son's death, this powerful book takes readers intimately and unforgettably into Li's grief, even as she transforms the pain into imaginary conversations of great beauty, humor, sadness and love\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Single‐cell RNA sequencing reveals tumor heterogeneity, microenvironment, and drug‐resistance mechanisms of recurrent glioblastoma
Glioblastomas are highly heterogeneous brain tumors. Despite the availability of standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), i.e., Stupp protocol, which involves surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, glioblastoma remains refractory to treatment and recurrence is inevitable. Moreover, the biology of recurrent glioblastoma remains unclear. Increasing evidence has shown that intratumoral heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment contribute to therapeutic resistance. However, the interaction between intracellular heterogeneity and drug resistance in recurrent GBMs remains controversial. The aim of this study was to map the transcriptome landscape of cancer cells and the tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment in recurrent and drug‐resistant GBMs at a single‐cell resolution and further explore the mechanism of drug resistance of GBMs. We analyzed six tumor tissue samples from three patients with primary GBM and three patients with recurrent GBM in which recurrence and drug resistance developed after treatment with the standard Stupp protocol using single‐cell RNA sequencing. Using unbiased clustering, nine major cell clusters were identified. Upregulation of the expression of stemness‐related and cell‐cycle‐related genes was observed in recurrent GBM cells. Compared with the initial GBM tissues, recurrent GBM tissues showed a decreased proportion of microglia, consistent with previous reports. Finally, vascular endothelial growth factor A expression and the blood–brain barrier permeability were high, and the O6‐methylguanine DNA methyltransferase‐related signaling pathway was activated in recurrent GBM. Our results delineate the single‐cell map of recurrent glioblastoma, tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, and drug‐resistance mechanisms, providing new insights into treatment strategies for recurrent glioblastomas. We observed upregulation of the expression of stemness‐related and cell‐cycle‐related genes in recurrent GBM cells. Further, we observed that recurrent GBM tissues showed a decreased proportion of microglia, consistent with previous reports, and that vascular endothelial growth factor A expression and the blood–brain barrier permeability were high, and the O6‐methylguanine DNA methyltransferase‐related signaling pathway was activated in recurrent GBM. Our results provide new insights into treatment strategies for recurrent glioblastomas.
Journal Article
Wednesday's child : stories
\"A grieving mother makes a spreadsheet of everyone she's lost. Elsewhere, a professor develops a troubled intimacy with her hairdresser. And every year, a restless woman receives an email from a strange man twice her age and several states away. In the stories of Wednesday's Child, people strive for an ordinary existence until doing so becomes unsustainable, until the surface cracks and the grand mysterious forces--death, violence, estrangement--come to light. Even before such moments, everyday life is laden with meaning, studded with indelible details: a filched jar of honey, a mound of wounded ants, a photograph kept hidden for many years, until it must be seen.\"-- Inside front jacket flap.
Book
Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 regulates neuroinflammation to mediate postoperative cognitive dysfunction in mice
Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) is a rate-limiting enzyme of prostaglandin (PGs) production, mediating perioperative inflammatory response. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the involvement of PTGS2 in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (tBCCAO) was performed to induce POCD. The Morris water maze test was used to assess the cognitive function. PTGS2 expression in the hippocampus and plasma was measured. Hippocampal RNA sequencing was performed to determine the pathological basis of POCD. In vivo, the mice were treated with or without a selective PTGS2 inhibitor during the perioperative period. The hippocampi were isolated to detect inflammation and oxidative damage. In vitro, PTGS2 was silenced in BV2 microglial cell lines, and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxidation (OGD/R) was performed. Conditioned medium from BV2 cells was collected to culture HT22 hippocampal neurons. Proinflammatory factors and oxidative damage were detected in BV2 and HT22 cells, respectively. The results indicated that the expression of PTGS2 in the plasma and hippocampal tissue of POCD mice was increased and that hippocampal inflammation is an important biological process in POCD. Inhibition of PTGS2 alleviated hippocampal inflammation, and the Morris water maze test showed improved learning and memory functions that were previously impaired. In addition, the inhibition of PTGS2 prevents OGD/R-induced microglial activation and alleviates neuronal injury. In conclusion, PTGS2 may be a culprit in POCD.
Journal Article
المتشردون : رواية
رواية جديدة بعنوان \"المتشردون\" تأليف إين لي، وترجمة الدكتور باسل المسالمة، وذلك ضمن المشروع الوطني للترجمة الذي تصدره الهيئة، المتشردون رواية صينية تصور أحداثا شهدتها الصين أثناء الثورة الثقافية التي أحدثت صدى عالميا واسعا، ربما كانت خير مدخل فني إلى معرفة تلك المرحلة شديدة التأثير في المشهد الثقافي العالمي، إنها تاريخ فني لحياة الناس العاديين في سياق الرسمي.
Book
Cross-species transcriptome-wide meta-analysis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture
Background
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) plays a critical role in maintaining the musculoskeletal stability of the knee. Its injury has been linked to an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis. This study aims to identify cross-species responses to ACL rupture providing insights on its molecular basis. We analyzed five publicly available transcriptomic datasets from
Homo sapiens
,
Mus musculus
,
Canis lupus familiaris
, and
Oryctolagus cuniculus
. Differential gene expression analysis was performed for each dataset, producing a genome-wide transcriptional signature of fold-change significance for individual genes. Stouffer’s method was used to integrate the results, identifying genes significantly deregulated across all species. Additionally, gene-set enrichment analysis revealed pathways that were consistently upregulated or downregulated.
Results
A positive correlation in expression was observed between human and the other three species (r
2
= 0.177–0.305,
p
-value ≤ 2.7 × 10
− 113
), identifying 210 genes as the most consistently up- and down-regulated in response to ACL rupture (
p
-adjusted ≤ 1.27 × 10
− 23
). These genes are primarily involved in cellular mitosis, collagen pathways, and cartilage development. Furthermore, 60 pathways were found to be significantly up- or down-regulated across all species (
p
-adjusted ≤ 4.57 × 10
− 4
). Among these, the upregulation of inhibition of bone mineralization (
p
-adjusted ≤ 2.99 × 10
− 6
) aligns with previous findings on the reduction of subchondral bone mineral density following ACL rupture.
Conclusions
This study highlights that distinct species exhibit common molecular responses to ACL rupture, underscoring the value of mice, dogs, and rabbits as potential translational model organisms for ACL rupture research. Furthermore, the identified genes and pathways highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying ACL rupture.
Journal Article
ألف عام من الصلاة
هذه المجموعة، التي وصفت بأنها ثرية ومدهشة، توضح الكيفية التي تتقاطع بها الأساطير والسياسة والتاريخ والثقافة مع الشخصية لتفضي إلى قدر الإنسان ومصيره، حيث تنطلق بنا الكاتبة من قلب بكين إلى مطعم للوجبات السريعة في شيكاغو إلى الامتدادات القاحلة في منغوليا لنتابع الأقدار والمصائر، ولنكتشف عالما بقدر ما يبدو لنا مألوفا بقدر ما هو غريب عنا، ويقدم هذا كله لنا عبر نثر وحشي يفيض بالصدق الذي يتمزق معه الفؤاد.
Book
Research Progress on Physical and Chemical Remediation Methods for the Removal of Cadmium from Soil
Soil cadmium contamination is a global environmental issue, threatening ecosystem health and human safety. Common remediation strategies, including phytoremediation and soil replacement, are typically hampered by their lengthy processes or high costs. The aim of this review is to explore and evaluate innovative physical and chemical remediation techniques to address cadmium pollution effectively. This review focuses on three promising approaches: the co-application of phosphate fertilizers and sepiolite, CaAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) immobilization, and hydrochar treatments. The primary methodologies involved evaluating the adsorption capacity, ion exchange mechanisms, and remediation efficiency under varying environmental conditions. Results indicate that these techniques significantly enhance cadmium immobilization, with the co-application of phosphate fertilizers and sepiolite demonstrating up to 72.6% removal of HCl-extractable cadmium. The review concludes that these techniques offer superior cost-effectiveness and scalability for large-scale applications and recommends future research to optimize amendment formulations and develop renewable adsorbents to further improve sustainability.
Journal Article
The Kinetics of Mesophyll Conductance and Photorespiration During Light Induction
Mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm) act as a significant limiting factor influencing the CO2 assimilation rate (AN) during photosynthetic induction. However, the effect of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on gm kinetics during light induction is not well clarified. We combined gas exchange with chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to assess the induction kinetics of gm during light induction under contrasting vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in two tree species with different stomatal conductance (gs) behavior, Catalpa fargesii and Pterocarya stenoptera. Our results revealed three key findings: (1) the coordination of gm and gs kinetics during light induction occurred in C. fargesii but not in P. stenoptera, and the model of gs kinetics largely determines whether the coordination of gs and gm exist in a given species; (2) a high VPD induced simultaneous changes in gs and gm kinetics in C. fargesii but had separated effects on gs and gm kinetics in P. stenoptera, indicating that the response of gm kinetics during light induction to VPD differs between species; and (3) the relative contribution of photorespiration to total electron flow was flexible in response to the change in relative diffusional and biochemical limitations, pointing out that photorespiration has a significant role in the regulation of photosynthetic electron flow during light induction. These results provide new sight into the species-dependent kinetics of gm and photorespiration during light induction.
Journal Article