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Mining deformation of roof strata is the main cause of methane explosion, water inrush, and roof collapse accidents amid underground coal mining. To ensure the safety of coal mining, the distributed optical fiber sensor (DFOS) technology has been applied in the 150,313 working face by Yinying Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, north China to monitor the roof strata movement, so as to grasp the movement law of roof strata and make it serve for production. The optical fibers are laid out in the holes drilled through the overlying strata on the roadway roof and BOTDR technique is utilized to carry out the on-site monitoring. Prior to the on-site test, the coupling test of the fiber strain in the concrete anchorage, the calibration test of the fiber strain coefficient of the 5-mm steel strand (SS) fiber, and the test of the strain transfer performance of the SS fiber were carried out in the laboratory. The approaches for fiber laying-out in the holes and fiber’s spatial positioning underground the coal mine have been optimized in the field. The indoor test results show that the high-strength SS optical fiber has a high strain transfer performance, which can be coupled with the concrete anchor with uniform deformation. This demonstrated the feasibility of SS fiber for monitoring strata movement theoretically and experimentally; and the law of roof strata fracturing and collapse is obtained from the field test results. This paper is a trial to study the whole process of dynamic movement of the deformation of roof strata. Eventually the study results will help Yinying Coal Mine to optimize mining design, prevent coal mine accidents, and provide detailed test basis for DFOS monitoring technique of roof strata movement.

To address the issues of difficult heterogeneous image registration and low segmentation accuracy caused by the severe lack of illumination and significant modal differences in concrete cracks in extremely dark environments, this paper proposes a two-stage processing framework of registration–fusion first, and decoupling–segmentation later. In the registration and fusion stage, a registration algorithm based on morphological priors and multi-level quadtree spatial constraints is designed. This approach transforms the problem from pixel grayscale matching to spatial topological matching, achieving a feature fusion of high infrared saliency and high visible light sharpness. In the segmentation stage, a Latent Frequency-Decoupled Topological Network (LFDT-Net) is proposed. It utilizes Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to achieve high-fidelity frequency decoupling of the low-frequency infrared backbone and the high-frequency visible light edges. Furthermore, a Cross-Frequency Guidance Module is utilized to eliminate double-edged artifacts, and a skeleton-aware topological loss function is introduced to constrain the topological integrity of the cracks. Experimental results on a self-built heterogeneous multi-modal crack dataset demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing mainstream methods in registration accuracy, fusion quality, and segmentation accuracy. Achieving a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 81.7%, the method effectively suppresses background noise in dark environments and precisely restores the microscopic edges and continuous topological structures of faint cracks.

Accurate deformation monitoring is essential for ensuring the stability of deep vertical shafts. In this study, a temperature-compensated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing system was deployed in the 882 m deep Guotun Coal Mine shaft to measure circumferential and vertical strains at six depths. A site-specific mechanical model integrating stratigraphy, dual-layer concrete lining, and the influence radius was developed to analyze shaft wall stresses. The monitoring results reveal pronounced spatial anisotropy, with circumferential compressive and tensile strains at deeper levels nearly twice those at shallow levels. Strain variation also increases over time, reflecting the combined effects of groundwater fluctuations and overburden consolidation. The stresses inferred from measured strains agree well with the analytical solution in both magnitude and depth-dependent trend, with deviations remaining within a reasonable engineering margin. All stresses are below the strength limits of the C70/C50 concrete lining, confirming that the shaft is in a safe stress state. The proposed monitoring–analysis framework provides a reliable basis for evaluating shaft wall behavior under complex hydrogeological conditions.

Reconfigurable assembly lines have emerged as a vital manufacturing paradigm to meet the growing demand for customized and multi-variety products. This study considers the reconfigurable assembly line scheduling problem, involving product sequencing optimization, to minimize reconfiguration cost, production workload equalization, and logistics leveling simultaneously. This study formulates a novel and linearized multi-objective mathematical model, which rectifies deficiencies in prior formulations. A novel Q-learning-based multi-objective hyper-heuristic algorithm is proposed. The algorithm integrates multiple metaheuristic operators, including particle swarm optimization, teaching–learning-based optimization, whale optimization algorithm, and grey wolf optimizer, within a unified search framework. Q-learning is employed to adaptively select the most promising operator at each search stage based on real-time performance feedback. Moreover, the proposed algorithm incorporates a new density-aware leader selection strategy with a survival-time decay factor to select the global best solution for population evolution, favoring superior solutions in sparse regions and increasing selection pressure on high-quality individuals. A numerical case study demonstrates that the models with the ε-constraint method could achieve a set of Pareto solutions. A computational study on 120 generated benchmark instances demonstrates that the proposed methodology outperforms nine other high-performing multi-objective algorithms.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibits marked heterogeneity and variable benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate immune signaling and tumor behavior, yet PTM-informed biomarkers for ccRCC remain underexplored. We intersected immune-related genes, PTM-related genes, and differentially expressed genes in TCGA-KIRC to derive candidates and built a prognostic model across TCGA and E-MTAB-1980 using multiple algorithms, selecting a random survival forest-based post-translational modification-related signature (PTMRS) with the best performance. Prognostic value and independence were evaluated by time-dependent ROC, Kaplan-Meier, and multivariate Cox analyses. Tumor immune context was profiled by immune infiltration scores, immune checkpoints, and TIDE to infer dysfunction/exclusion and ICI response. Genomic features (driver mutations, pathway alterations, tumor mutational burden) and an external ICI cohort (IMvigor210) were analyzed. Single-cell RNA-seq with CellChat, trajectory, and UCell assessed cell-cell communication and PTMRS distribution across immune subsets. Experimental validation included IHC and qPCR of IRF9, loss- and gain-of-function assays (Transwell, wound healing, CCK-8, colony, EdU), and molecular dynamics to explore IRF9 compound binding. We established a five-gene PTMRS that robustly stratified prognosis in training, testing, and external cohorts and remained an independent predictor. High-PTMRS tumors displayed immunosuppressive features, including greater infiltration of Tregs/MDSCs/macrophages, higher expression of immunosuppressive checkpoints, and elevated TIDE scores with lower predicted ICI responsiveness. High PTMRS associated with alterations in oncogenic pathways and higher TMB. In IMvigor210, high PTMRS linked to inferior outcomes and non-response. Single-cell analyses showed PTMRS enrichment in Tregs and exhausted CD8 T cells and dense immune communication networks. Among PTMRS genes, IRF9 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of IRF9 curtailed invasion, migration, and proliferation, whereas overexpression enhanced these phenotypes. PTMRS is a PTM-informed immune signature that reflects an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, improves prognostic stratification, and indicates ICI benefit in ccRCC. Experimental data pinpoint IRF9 as a functional driver and potential therapeutic target within this PTM-immunity axis.

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is well known as a conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + (NAD + )-dependent deacetylase located in the mitochondria that may regulate oxidative stress, catabolism and ATP production. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that SIRT3 plays its critical roles in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial fibrosis and even heart failure (HF), through its deacetylation modifications. Accordingly, discovery of SIRT3 activators and elucidating their underlying mechanisms of HF should be urgently needed. Herein, we identified a new small-molecule activator of SIRT3 (named 2-APQC) by the structure-based drug designing strategy. 2-APQC was shown to alleviate isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in vitro and in vivo rat models. Importantly, in SIRT3 knockout mice, 2-APQC could not relieve HF, suggesting that 2-APQC is dependent on SIRT3 for its protective role. Mechanically, 2-APQC was found to inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/ small mother against decapentaplegic 3 (Smad3) pathways to improve ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Based upon RNA-seq analyses, we demonstrated that SIRT3-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) axis was closely assoiated with HF. By activating PYCR1, 2-APQC was shown to enhance mitochondrial proline metabolism, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS)-p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway and thereby protecting against ISO-induced mitochondrialoxidative damage. Moreover, activation of SIRT3 by 2-APQC could facilitate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Parkin axis to inhibit ISO-induced necrosis. Together, our results demonstrate that 2-APQC is a targeted SIRT3 activator that alleviates myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis, which may provide a new clue on exploiting a promising drug candidate for the future HF therapeutics.

Estimating the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of aircraft engines plays a vital role in the field of prognostics and health management. In multi-dimensional time series regression tasks, accurately capturing both time series features and sensor features, as well as integrating these two types of features, poses a significant challenge for RUL prediction. The sensor features represent the weights of each sensor on the RUL prediction results. To overcome this challenge, we introduce a hybrid model based on a dual-attention mechanism. Initially, a temporal feature extraction block is applied to map the time-step dimension into a hidden representation space, facilitating the capture of complex temporal dynamics. These patterns are then refined using a multi-head self-attention mechanism. Subsequently, a sensor feature extraction block is applied to capture sensor-specific characteristics. Each sensor sequence is treated as a separate channel, compressed to derive sensor weights, and integrated to form global features that fuse temporal and sensor-level representations. Finally, RUL is estimated via a regression layer. The proposed method is demonstrated to be effective on the Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation (C-MAPSS) dataset. Compared with the state-of-the-art CTNet model, the proposed method achieves 7% and 9% gains in RMSE and Score, respectively, on the FD001 dataset.

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been a promising method to improve geotechnical engineering properties; however, there are few literatures about the application of the MICP method to improve the strength characteristics of expansive soils with low permeability. In this paper, a series of CD triaxial tests were carried out to investigate the effect of the MICP method on the strength characteristics of the expansive soils. The results show that the shear strength of the specimens increased with the increase in the cementation solution and eventually reached a stable value. The MICP method can significantly improve the shear strength index of the expansive soils. The cohesion of the expansive soils was increased from 29.52 kPa to 39.41 kPa, and the internal friction angle was increased from 20.13° to 29.58°. The stress-strain curves of expansive soil samples improved by the MICP method show a hyperbolic relationship, which is characterized by strain hardening. The hyperbolic model was chosen to describe the stress-strain relationship of the expansive soils improved by the MICP method, and the predicted results were in good agreement with the measured results. Moreover, we performed a scanning electron microscope (SEM) experiment and revealed the mechanism of the MICP method to improve the strength characteristics of expansive soils. The conclusions above can provide a theoretical basis to further study the strength characteristics of improved expansive soils by the MICP method.

In the present work, qRT-PCR was used to detect miR-204-5p level in the normal oral epithelial cells (HaCat cell line) and OSCC cells (SCC-15 and SCC-25 cell lines). We explored the impact of miR-204-5p on OSCC through overexpression of miR-204-5p in OSCC cells by transient transfection. CCK-8, EdU, and clone formation assays were applied to estimate how miR-204-5p acts on OSCC proliferation in vitro. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to evaluate the in vitro effect of miR-204-5p on OSCC migration. Flow cytometry, Dual luciferase report assay and western blotting were used to explore the mechanism. The in vivo effect of miR-204-5p was evaluated by xenograft models. Compared with normal cells, OSCC cells showed lower expression levels of miR-204-5p. miR-204-5p was evidently elevated in OSCC after transfection. In CCK-8, clone formation and Edu assays, miR-204-5p inhibited OSCC proliferation. Meanwhile, miR-204-5p attenuated OSCC migration in wound healing and transwell assays. Moreover, The levels of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and vimentin were lowered. In flow cytometry and western blotting, miR-204-5p promoted the apoptosis rate and decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Moreover, elevated LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio suggested miR-204-5p induced autophagy in OSCC. Interestingly, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA partially restored the OSCC’s resistance to apoptosis. Further, miR-204-5p inactivated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, whereas dual luciferase assay demonstrated PIK3CB was a direct target of miR-204-5p. In vivo, miR-204-5p hindered OSCC growth. This study demonstrated that miR-204-5p inhibited OSCC progression through inducing autophagy-promoted apoptosis by targeting PIK3CB.

Genuine Chinese medicine is produced from medicinal plant cultivated in a specific region and is of better quality and efficacy, more consistently qualified and famous than that from the same medicinal plant cultivated in other regions. The cultivating region of genuine medicinal plant is known as the genuine producing area. Yangchun City, which is in Guangdong Province of China, is a genuine producing area for the famous Chinese medicine Amomi Fructus (also called Sharen). Amomi Fructus is the ripe and dry fruit of the Zingiberaceae plant A. villosum Lour.. A. villosum was introduced from the Persian Gulf region and has been cultivated in China for over 1000 years. Until now there are no reports on screening for good germplasm of A. villosum. The contents of volatile oil and bornyl acetate of Amomi Fructus from 14 populations were determined with GC method, and the relative contents of the main chemical components in the volatile oils were determined with GC-MS method. Evaluation and variance analysis of the comprehensive quality of the 14 samples were conducted by means of a multi-indicator entropy-weight TOPSIS model (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) combined with OPLS-DA (Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discrimination Analysis) and HCA (Hierarchical Clustering Analysis). The ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat) molecular marker technique and the UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means) were employed to analyze the genetic relationship among A. villosum populations. The contents of volatile oil and bornyl acetate differed significantly among the different populations, but the main chemical component in the volatile oil was the same in all the samples, which was bornyl acetate. OPLS-DA results showed that 9 indicators were the main factors influencing the quality differences among the 14 populations. The entropy-weight TOPSIS results showed that there were significant differences in the comprehensive qualities of the 12 populations from the genuine producing area. The best quality of fruit was found in the genuine producing area of Chunwan Town; the qualities of 33% of genuine fruits were lower than that of non-genuine fruits. Twenty-three DNA fragments were obtained by ISSR-PCR amplification using four ISSR primers, eleven of which were polymorphic loci, which accounted for 47.8%. The similarity coefficients (GS) of different populations of A. villosum ranged from 0.6087 to 0.9565. There are significant differences among different populations of A. villosum in terms of the kinds of major chemical components and their contents, comprehensive quality and genetic diversity. The germplasm resources of A. villosum are rich in the genuine producing area. It means superior germplasm could be selected in the area. The comprehensive quality of the fruit of A. villosum from the non-genuine producing area is better than some of that from genuine producing area, proving that the non-genuine producing area can also produce Amomi Fructus with excellent quality.