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"Li Shi"
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Rising inequality in China : challenges to a harmonious society
\"Examines the evolution of economic inequality in China from 2002 to 2007; a sequel to Inequality and Public Policy in China (Cambridge University Press, 2008)\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus that emerged in late 2019 and has caused a pandemic of acute respiratory disease, named ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19), which threatens human health and public safety. In this Review, we describe the basic virology of SARS-CoV-2, including genomic characteristics and receptor use, highlighting its key difference from previously known coronaviruses. We summarize current knowledge of clinical, epidemiological and pathological features of COVID-19, as well as recent progress in animal models and antiviral treatment approaches for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also discuss the potential wildlife hosts and zoonotic origin of this emerging virus in detail.In this Review, Shi and colleagues summarize the exceptional amount of research that has characterized acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since this virus has swept around the globe. They discuss what we know so far about the emergence and virology of SARS-CoV-2 and the pathogenesis and treatment of COVID-19.
Journal Article
Best 10 : 20th Asia-Pacific interior design awards = Di er shi jie Ya Tai shi nei she ji da jiang ji huo jiang zuo pin ji
Asia Pacific Interior Design Awards (APIDA) is organised by the Hong Kong Interior Design Association. It aims to give recognition to outstanding interior design projects and designers, promoting professional standards and ethics among interior design practices operating in the Asia Pacific region. The awards accept the interior design projects completed in the Asia/Pacific Region, including Hong Kong, Mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, Malaysia, Macau, Thailand, The Philippines, India, Indonesia, Korea, Australia & New Zealand. This book selects the best projects from the excellent entries for the 20th Asia Pacific Interior Design Awards (APIDA). They fall into chapters, including food space, hotel space, leisure and entertainment space, living space, installation and exhibition space, public space, work space, shopping space and students' projects. This collection shows the readers the wisdom and design ideas of the designers in Asia-pacific region and unveil the design hotspots which belong to the Asia-pacific region.
Book
Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin
Cross-species transmission of viruses from wildlife animal reservoirs poses a marked threat to human and animal health
1
. Bats have been recognized as one of the most important reservoirs for emerging viruses and the transmission of a coronavirus that originated in bats to humans via intermediate hosts was responsible for the high-impact emerging zoonosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
–
10
. Here we provide virological, epidemiological, evolutionary and experimental evidence that a novel HKU2-related bat coronavirus, swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), is the aetiological agent that was responsible for a large-scale outbreak of fatal disease in pigs in China that has caused the death of 24,693 piglets across four farms. Notably, the outbreak began in Guangdong province in the vicinity of the origin of the SARS pandemic. Furthermore, we identified SADS-related CoVs with 96–98% sequence identity in 9.8% (58 out of 591) of anal swabs collected from bats in Guangdong province during 2013–2016, predominantly in horseshoe bats (
Rhinolophus
spp.) that are known reservoirs of SARS-related CoVs. We found that there were striking similarities between the SADS and SARS outbreaks in geographical, temporal, ecological and aetiological settings. This study highlights the importance of identifying coronavirus diversity and distribution in bats to mitigate future outbreaks that could threaten livestock, public health and economic growth.
Analysis of viral samples from deceased piglets shows that a bat coronavirus was responsible for an outbreak of fatal disease in China and highlights the importance of the identification of coronavirus diversity and distribution in bats in order to mitigate future outbreaks of disease.
Journal Article
Nonresistive heat transport by collective phonon flow
“Second sound” has been observed in graphite
Dissipating high-density heat is a major technological challenge, both on the small scale of computer chips and the large scale of industrial processes such as nuclear reactors. One way to meet this challenge is the use of microscopic mechanisms to model and design solid-state materials for efficient transport of high heat loads. Recent experiments confirmed theoretical predictions of unusual high thermal conductivity in semiconducting boron arsenide (BAs) (
1
–
3
). On page 375 of this issue, Huberman
et al.
(
4
) demonstrate extraordinary collective phonon transport that underlies the record-high thermal conductivity in graphite. These insights may help to design future methods for efficient heat dissipation.
Journal Article
Bat Coronaviruses in China
During the past two decades, three zoonotic coronaviruses have been identified as the cause of large-scale disease outbreaks–Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome (SADS). SARS and MERS emerged in 2003 and 2012, respectively, and caused a worldwide pandemic that claimed thousands of human lives, while SADS struck the swine industry in 2017. They have common characteristics, such as they are all highly pathogenic to humans or livestock, their agents originated from bats, and two of them originated in China. Thus, it is highly likely that future SARS- or MERS-like coronavirus outbreaks will originate from bats, and there is an increased probability that this will occur in China. Therefore, the investigation of bat coronaviruses becomes an urgent issue for the detection of early warning signs, which in turn minimizes the impact of such future outbreaks in China. The purpose of the review is to summarize the current knowledge on viral diversity, reservoir hosts, and the geographical distributions of bat coronaviruses in China, and eventually we aim to predict virus hotspots and their cross-species transmission potential.
Journal Article
تاريخ الصين
ينقسم \"التاريخ الصيني\" إلى ثلاثة عصور : قديم وحديث ومعاصر، ويقوم الكتاب بتقديم وصف واضح لعملية تغييرات التنمية في التاريخ الصيني الذي امتد لآلاف السنين. ولا يتناول الكتاب الأحداث التاريخية فقط، بل يقوم أيضا بتقديم ملخص موجز لخصائص المراحل المختلفة للتاريخ الصيني، مما يسهل على القارئ فهم التاريخ الصيني بشكل عام.
Book
Molecular Bases for the Regulation of Adventitious Root Generation in Plants
The formation of adventitious roots (ARs) is an ecologically and economically important developmental process in plants. The evolution of AR systems is an important way for plants to cope with various environmental stresses. This review focuses on identified genes that have known to regulate the induction and initiation of ARs and offers an analysis of this process at the molecular level. The critical genes involved in adventitious rooting are the auxin signaling-responsive genes, including the
AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR
(
ARF
) and the
LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN
(
LOB
) gene families, and genes associated with auxin transport and homeostasis, the quiescent center (QC) maintenance, and the root apical meristem (RAM) initiation. Several genes involved in cell wall modulation are also known to be involved in the regulation of adventitious rooting. Furthermore, the molecular processes that play roles in the ethylene, cytokinin, and jasmonic acid signaling pathways and their crosstalk modulate the generation of ARs. The crosstalk and interaction among many molecular processes generates complex networks that regulate AR generation.
Journal Article