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In this study, a wearable multichannel human magnetocardiogram (MCG) system based on a spin exchange relaxation-free regime (SERF) magnetometer array is developed. The MCG system consists of a magnetically shielded device, a wearable SERF magnetometer array, and a computer for data acquisition and processing. Multichannel MCG signals from a healthy human are successfully recorded simultaneously. Independent component analysis (ICA) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) are used to denoise MCG data. MCG imaging is realized to visualize the magnetic and current distribution around the heart. The validity of the MCG signals detected by the system is verified by electrocardiogram (ECG) signals obtained at the same position, and similar features and intervals of cardiac signal waveform appear on both MCG and ECG. Experiments show that our wearable MCG system is reliable for detecting MCG signals and can provide cardiac electromagnetic activity imaging.

Specific adipokines, such as adiponectin and resistin, are secreted from adipose tissue and are associated with the development of obesity. Supplementation of dietary SCFA can prevent and reverse high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. However, it is not clear whether SCFA ameliorate abnormal expression of adiponectin and resistin in the obese state. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SCFA on adiponectin and resistin’s expressions in diet-induced obese mice, as well as the potential mechanisms associated with DNA methylation. C57BL/6J male mice were fed for 16 weeks with five types of HFD (34·9 % fat by wt., 60 % kJ) – a control HFD and four HFD with acetate (HFD-A), propionate (HFD-P), butyrate (HFD-B) and their admixture (HFD-SCFA). Meanwhile, a low-fat diet (4·3 % fat by wt., 10 % kJ) was used as the control group. The reduced mRNA levels of adiponectin and resistin in the adipose tissue of the HFD-fed mice were significantly reversed by dietary supplementation of acetate, propionate, butyrate or their admixture to the HFD. Moreover, the expressional changes of adiponectin and resistin induced by SCFA were associated with alterations in DNA methylation at their promoters, which was mediated by reducing the expressions of enzyme-catalysed DNA methyltransferase ( DNMT1 , 3a , 3b ) and the methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 ( MBD2 ) and suppressing the binding of these enzymes to the promoters of adiponectin and resistin. Our results indicate that SCFA may correct aberrant expressions of adiponectin and resistin in obesity by epigenetic regulation.

Objective This study intended to explore behavioral and emotional problems and quality of life, as well as their related factors in Chinese children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects were included from April 2023 to September 2023. Child behavior checklist (CBCL), pediatric quality of life inventory™ version 4.0 (PedsQL TM 4.0), and version 3.0 (PedsQL TM 3.0) Cancer Module were used to assess behavioral and emotional problems and quality of life. Results A total of 120 children with LCH were included. Twenty-six (21.7%) children had behavioral and emotional problems. Age at diagnosis ≥ 4 years [odds ratio (OR) = 0.344, P  = 0.022] and major caregiver with an educational level of junior college and above (OR = 0.314, P  = 0.035) were independently associated with a lower possibility of achieving CBCL total problem score ≥ 35. Electronic product usage time ≥ 2 h per day ( B =-6.024, P  = 0.011) and caesarean section ( B =-6.006, P  = 0.012) were independently related to a lower total PedsQL TM 4.0 score, while age at diagnosis ≥ 4 years ( B  = 9.183, P  = 0.004) showed an inverse trend. Second-line treatment was independently related to a lower total PedsQL TM 3.0 Cancer Module score ( B =-5.578, P  = 0.021). Conclusion In this study, 21.7% of Chinese children with LCH exhibit behavioral and emotional problems. Age at diagnosis < 4 years, major caregiver with an educational level of high school and below, electronic product usage time ≥ 2 h, caesarean section, and second-line treatment are related to behavioral and emotional problems and impaired quality of life in Chinese children with LCH. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Graphene has been regarded as a promising candidate in microwave absorption field but still faces some major challenges, including the limitation of mass production and poor impedance matching. Here, we demonstrate a simple approach to fabricate multilayer graphene in a kilo-mass/hour (≥2.5 kg/h) scale through an oxidation-thermal expansion-air convection shearing process. The subsequent incorporation of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles ( h -BNNPs) can effectively tailor the dielectric and magnetic properties of the as-obtained multilayer graphene, which can significantly boost its microwave absorption performance. The as-obtained multilayer graphene/ h -BNNP hybrid with 40 wt.% of h -BNNPs, exhibits extremely low reflection loss value of −67.35 dB at 8.04 GHz when the absorber thickness is 3.29 mm, ranking it as one of the most attractive absorbers reported to date. Moreover, the multilayer graphene/ h -BNNP hybrids possess low densities less than 0.45 g/cm 3 , making them very attractive for practical microwave absorption application.

Gibberellins (GAs) promote secondary cell wall (SCW) development in plants, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still to be elucidated. Here, we employed a new system, the first internode of cotton, and the virus-induced gene silencing method to address this problem. We found that knocking down major DELLA genes via VIGS phenocopied GA treatment and significantly enhanced SCW formation in the xylem and phloem of cotton stems. Cotton DELLA proteins were found to interact with a wide range of SCW-related NAC proteins, and virus-induced gene silencing of these NAC genes inhibited SCW development with downregulated biosynthesis and deposition of lignin. The findings indicated a framework for the GA regulation of SCW formation; that is, the interactions between DELLA and NAC proteins mediated GA signaling to regulate SCW formation in cotton stems.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between caregivers’ health-related behaviours and the prevalence of overweight/obesity among children aged 2–6 years in Beijing city in China.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTwo kindergartens and two community health service centres in Beijing city, China.ParticipantsA total of 1967 children aged 2–6 years were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresChildren’s height and weight were measured and body mass index was computed. The caregivers’ exercise health behaviours and dietary health behaviours were assessed using a questionnaire, encompassing the frequency of exercise and the duration of each exercise session, as well as the frequency of consumption of desserts, late-night snacks, and fast food, regular eating habits, and the proportion of meat and vegetables consumed daily. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify relationships between caregivers’ health-related behaviours and overweight/obesity in children.ResultsHaving caregivers who exercised ≥3 times/week (OR 0.643, 95% CI 0.417 to 0.990) was a protective factor against childhood overweight/obesity compared with having caregivers who exercised <1 time/week; caregivers’ frequent encouragement of children’s participation in physical activity was also a protective factor (OR 0.513, 95% CI 0.352 to 0.749). Additionally, children whose caregivers consumed sweets 2–3 times/week (OR 1.535, 95% CI 1.133 to 2.081) or ≥4 times/week (OR 1.916, 95% CI 1.258 to 2.918), as well as children whose caregivers consumed fast food ≥4 times/week (OR 2.298, 95% CI 1.349 to 3.914), were more likely to be overweight and obesity than children whose caregivers consumed these foods ≤1 time/week. Furthermore, caregivers’ irregular eating habits were positively associated with the occurrence of overweight and obesity in children (OR 1.485, 95% CI 1.056 to 2.089).ConclusionCaregivers’ health-related behaviours were significantly associated with overweight/obesity among children in China. Substantial measures should be implemented to address caregivers’ health-related behaviours to prevent and control childhood overweight/obesity.

Root rot disease severely impacts the yield of Cardamine violifolia, a selenium-enriched cruciferous vegetable. However, the causal pathogens and effective control strategies of this disease remain poorly characterized. This study systematically isolated and identified three key pathogens from diseased tissues in the Enshi region: Aspergillus costaricensis, Mucor circinelloides cf. lusitanicus, and Fusarium pernambucanum. Morphological characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and pathogenicity testing were conducted. Candidate fungicides were screened using plate inhibition assays, and combinations were optimized and validated through soil drenching experiments. While propiconazole showed broad-spectrum activity, its efficacy against Aspergillus and Mucor was suboptimal. A novel ternary compound fungicide, T10, combining propiconazole, hymexazol, and difenoconazole, demonstrated significantly enhanced potency with EC50 values of 7.313, 12.2983, and 0.1781 mg/L against the three pathogens, representing reductions of 66.0%, 77.7%, and 92.1% compared to the most effective single application of propiconazole. At 10 mg/L, T10 increased inhibition rates by 62.62%, 77.53%, and 20.85% against the three pathogens, respectively, compared to propiconazole alone. Propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed increased cell membrane permeability in T10-treated pathogens, suggesting that membrane damage may contribute to its antifungal effect. This study provides a robust scientific basis for sustainable disease management of this high-value selenium-enriched vegetable crop.

Cotton exhibits indeterminate growth potential at its apical meristem. In field cultivation, it is often necessary to restrict plant height by the foliar application of plant growth regulators or artificial topping. The genetic engineering of cotton architecture offers an efficient, environmentally friendly, and low-cost alternative to current field management. Our study aimed to improve the plant architecture of transgenic cotton by the suppression of GhSP, a key flowering repressor, via the RNA interference method. Sixteen independent transgenic lines were generated and classified as mildly, moderately, and severely suppressed, according to GhSP expression levels. Field evaluation revealed the dose-dependent effects of GhSP silencing on plant height. The mildly suppressed line GhSPi-#5 exhibited a semi-dwarf phenotype of approximately 70~100 cm in height. Negative phenotypes, including excessive dwarf plant architecture and inferior fiber quality and yield traits, were observed in severely GhSP-suppressed transgenic lines. Notably, the mild silencing of GhSP in GhSPi-#5 did not negatively affect leaf and flower organ growth, pollen fertility, major agronomic traits, or fiber quality compared with the wild type. These observations demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the architecture of transgenic cotton via GhSP silencing.

This paper proposes a new model of collaborative filtering that introduces a user difference factor to address the issue of less pronounced similarity performance in traditional algorithms. The algorithm is applied to the recommendation of pilots’ core competency behavior indicators to support pilots’ daily training arrangements, improve their core competencies, and ensure civil aviation flight safety. Firstly, based on traditional collaborative filtering methods, a user difference factor is introduced to improve the Pearson similarity calculation model. Secondly, the advantages and disadvantages of collaborative filtering recommendation models were evaluated using various methods such as average absolute error, accuracy, recall, and diversity. Finally, the new model is applied to the recommendation of PLM core competency behavior indicators, providing a recommendation list of different pilot behavior indicators to support their rehabilitation or enhanced training plans and arrangements. The calculation results show that the new model of collaborative filtering demonstrates better advantages, not only reducing the MAE value, but also improving the accuracy, recall, and diversity of the calculation results, providing effective guidance and theoretical support for pilots’ flight training and safe flight.

Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is associated with abnormalities in both intrinsic resting-state brain networks and task-evoked neural responses, yet direct electrophysiological evidence linking these levels remains limited. This study examined multi-level EEG markers in 21 typically developing children and 15 children with DLD across resting-state, a semantic matching task, and an auditory oddball task. Resting-state analyses revealed frequency-specific connectivity imbalances, reduced stability of intrinsic microstate dynamics, and atypical transitions between microstates in the DLD group. During the semantic matching task, DLD children showed weaker occipital P1 and N2 responses (100–300 ms) and lacked the right fronto-central difference wave (500–700 ms) observed in TD children. In the auditory oddball task, DLD children exhibited high-theta/low-alpha event-related desynchronization at left frontal electrodes (400–500 ms), in contrast to TD children. A machine learning framework integrating resting-state and task-based features discriminated DLD from TD children (test-set F1 = 70.3–80.0%) but showed limited generalizability, highlighting the constraints of small clinical samples. These findings support a translational neurophysiological signature for DLD, in which atypical intrinsic network organization constrains emergent neural computations, providing a foundation for future biomarker development and targeted intervention strategies.