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Introduction Recent studies suggest that sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) may offer therapeutic benefits in managing essential hypertension (EH). This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of STS in EH treatment. Materials and methods A comprehensive search was conducted across seven databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang, China Biomedical Literature Service System, VIP Chinese Sci-tech Journal Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their inception through February 4, 2025. Methodological quality was evaluated using Cochrane Handbook guidelines. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0. Results Twenty-two studies involving 2347 patients were included. Combining STS with conventional therapy significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (WMD: −8.37, 95% CI: −10.28 to −6.45), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: −5.68, 95% CI: −6.67 to −4.68), serum creatinine (WMD: −16.89, 95% CI: −21.37 to −12.41), total cholesterol (WMD: −2.45, 95% CI: −2.58 to −2.32), and endothelin-1 (WMD: −9.13, 95% CI: −13.64 to −4.63). Nitric oxide significantly increased (WMD: 8.98, 95% CI: 6.38 to 11.58). Conclusions The combination of STS with conventional therapy demonstrates significant improvements in blood pressure, vascular endothelial function, and renal function. STS may serve as an adjunctive treatment for EH.

To address the negative impacts in recovering large areas of residual plastic film from corn stubble in the Hexi irrigation area—such as the residual film containing substantial amounts of soil, corn stubble, and corn straw, and high power consumption during the operation process—in this study, a combined operation machine was designed for corn straw crushing and residual film recovery. The machine consisted of a double-wing, single-blade shovel for lifting the film and cutting corn stubble, a corn straw-crushing and returning device for reducing the residual film impurity rate, an eccentric teeth shifting cylinder for picking up residual film, a device for shifting residual film, and a collection device for bundling residual film. The key components of the combined operation machine were designed based on an agronomic model for corn planting and the mechanized operation requirements in the Hexi irrigation area. The optimal combination of operating parameters was devised based on theoretical calculations and single- and multifactor simulation tests. The results showed that when the angle of entry of the film-lifting shovel was 25.14°, the rotational speed of the eccentric teeth shifting cylinder was 80.96 rpm, and the forward velocity of the machine was 4.03 km/h, while the rate of recovery of residual film was 92.56%. The field test showed that the residual film contained 16.65% impurities, and the qualified rate of corn straw crushing was 88.51%, with a relative error of 0.65% from the optimized value. The experimental results provide theoretical support and a design reference for research on the mechanized recycling of residual film in large areas of corn stubble.

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the antitumor activity of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in patients with cervical metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (CMSCCUP), providing a new idea for its treatment. Method We retrospectively examined the medical records from Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center to identify patients with CMSCCUP from July 2020 to November 2023. CMSCCUP's diagnoses are based on the results of biopsy and imaging examination. All patients received PD‐1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy: paclitaxel (Albumin‐bound) 260 mg/m2 and cisplatin 60 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for two or more cycles as their initial treatment. Clinical response after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1. Surgery, radiotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy was performed subsequently based on the imaging evaluation results. Outcomes included overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS). Result After neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, the objective response rate (ORR) was 84.2%; complete response (CR), partial response (PR), and stable disease (SD) were 36.8%, 47.4%, and 15.8%, respectively. Of the 9 patients (42.9%) who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, 7 (77.8%) achieved pathological complete response (pCR). No severe treatment‐related adverse events occurred. The most common treatment‐related adverse events were Grade 1–2 fatigue (11/14, 78.6%), decreased appetite (11/15, 73.3%), and increased aspartate transaminase (12/20, 60.0%). One (1/20, 5.0%) patient experienced Grade 3 anemia. The 2‐year overall survival (OS) and 2‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) rates were 94.4% and 89.4%, respectively. Conclusion Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy showed favorable efficacies, anticipated outcomes, and tolerable toxicity for patients with CMSCCUP. More clinical practice and clinical studies are still needed to confirm further.

The existing residual film-recycling machines struggle to efficiently recover and separate film stubble in a single operation. With roller-type film-rolling device unloading difficulties and other problems, in order to improve the recovery efficiency of film stubble and the separation effect while reducing human labor and to improve work efficiency, we designed an automatic hydraulic unloading film stubble-recycling integrated residual film-recycling machine. The angle of the membrane lifting device was determined by theoretical calculations using the method of coupled simulation of EDEM and ANSYS Workbench. We analyzed the amount of resistance as well as the maximum stress and deformation during the working process of the membrane-lifting device and focused on the design of the membrane–soil separating device and membrane-rolling device. The depth of the film shovel, the forward speed of the machine, and the rotational speed of the driving wheel of the jogging chain were selected as the test factors, and the residual film recovery rate was taken as the evaluation index. A three-factor, three-level test was designed by applying the principles of the Box–Behnken experimental design. The results show that when the forward speed is 1.36 m/s, the soil depth is 147.16 mm, and the rotational speed of the driving wheel of the shaking chain is 77.89 r/min, the recovery rate of the residual film is 87.56%, and the relative error between the experimental value and the optimized value is 2.73%. The experimental results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the residual film-recycling machine.

Digital financial inclusion (DFI) can broaden financial access for households historically underserved by traditional finance, yet the magnitude of its effect on household income and the channels through which it operates remain underexplored. This study examines the causal effect of DFI on household income and its mechanisms. We match the Peking University Digital Financial Inclusion Index (2011–2023) with household microdata from the China Family Panel Studies (2012–2022) at the prefecture-year level, yielding an unbalanced panel of 32,789 household-year observations across 105 prefecture-level cities. Using two-way fixed-effects models with instrumental-variable estimation to address endogeneity, we find that DFI significantly raises household income, a result robust to alternative measures, sample restrictions, and a difference-in-differences design. The effect operates through two channels, improved credit accessibility and greater participation in risky assets, and these gains are not accompanied by higher household leverage or financial fragility. The effects are stronger where local financial and market institutions are more developed, indicating a capability-dependent form of inclusion. By clarifying the causal effect and mechanisms linking DFI to household income, the study offers practical guidance for policies promoting sustainable, broadly shared income growth through digital finance.

This paper presents a new generative artificial intelligence (AI) approach for creating modular skeletal frameworks, using vernacular bamboo stilt houses as examples to investigate an innovative methodological perspective. By transforming building skeletons to connected graphs, our method uses Variational Graph Autoencoders (VGAE) and Graph Sample and Aggregate (GraphSAGE) to generate 3D modular components based on spatial constraints set by users, such as axis grids and chosen room areas. The graph representation encodes structural elements as edges and their connections as nodes, maintaining critical dimensional constraints and spatial relationships. Using data from bamboo stilt houses built without architects, we make a specialized dataset of geometric skeletons for model training. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in capturing the distribution of featured elements in building frameworks and in generating structurally sound designs, with GraphSAGE showing better performance compared to alternative methods. The probabilistic edge prediction approach allows for a collaborative human-AI design process, empowering designers while utilizing computational capabilities. The inherent flexibility of the graph-based representation makes it adaptable to a wide range of materials and scales.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B) is one of the commonly mutated genes in HCC, but its role in HCC remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the role of LRP1B mutation in HCC. The bioinformatics results show that LRP1B had a frequency of mutation in HCC patients, and LRP1B mutation was associated with a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), and survival analysis proved that the prognosis of HCC patients with LRP1B mutation was poor. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis indicated that LRP1B mutation was an independent risk factor in evaluating HCC patients' prognosis. Correlation analysis showed that LRP1B mutation status was associated with the infiltration of 2 types of immune cells and higher expression of immune checkpoint gene human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2 (HHLA2) in HCC patients. In summary, the results show that LRP1B mutation is associated with the higher TMB and poor prognosis of patients with HCC, and it was an independent risk factor for clinical outcomes of HCC patients. LRP1B gene mutations can serve as predictors in HCC patients with higher TMB and higher expression of HHLA2. The results of this study will be beneficial to future studies on targeted therapy and immunotherapy for HCC.

In the closed-loop detection system of the LAMOST, the lens of the fiber view camera system must focus the end of the optical fiber to accurately acquire the fiber position. It is difficult to evaluate the fibers image with a very small proportion of the image with the traditional autofocus algorithm, whether it is recognition of the front illuminated by the fiber ceramic ferrules, or the light-emitting spot of the fibers in the black background, that is, the recognition of the back illumination of the fibers. In this paper, we propose an autofocus determination method for the LAMOST closed-loop control under front and back illumination conditions. Under the condition of front illumination, to greatly reduce the calculation time, the system first pre-recognizes the focusing target through the Faster R-CNN and then uses an optimized contrast algorithm to evaluate the image definition of the corrected focusing target ROI. Then, the algorithm is compared with Tenengrad gradient and Laplacian gradient calculations using the Sobel operator and Laplacian operator in OpenCV. The results show that this method takes only one-ninth of the time required by the other methods to obtain the same accuracy. Under the condition of back illumination, we use the average number and average brightness of spot pixels as the evaluation basis of image sharpness. This method can complete the evaluation of image sharpness in the process of spot recognition and provide initial data for the subsequent detection for closed-loop control. The focus accuracy of the camera is of great significance for thousand-fiber metrology, which will have an important influence on the accuracy of astronomical observations. These focusing methods not only play an important role in the closed-loop control of the LAMOST but also apply to the focusing of closed-loop detection systems of other multi-target optical fiber spectral astronomical telescopes.

The relationship between species diversity and ecosystem function is a hot topic in ecology and environics. This paper investigates the evolution of diversity of the late Middle Permian brachiopods community in Hechuan, Chongqing, China, and discusses the relationship between species diversity and community productivity in terms of the geohistorical development. This paper shows that the species diversity is externalized by several indexes, and the relationship between diversity and productivity is too complex to be described by a single assumption. The relationship between species diversity and community productivity is restricted by environment and community evolution. When the community succeeds normally, the relationship between species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index to productivity is in linear dependence relation to each other, which is met with the third assumption. But, when the environment interference surpasses the bearing capability of the community, not only the community succession will be terminated and be replaced by another one, but also the relationship between species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index to productivity is also inversed to negative correlation by the interference from environment. Only the relationship between ecological dominance and productivity is in linear dependence relation to each other and approximately met with the third assumption. It is illustrated that the assumption that the productivity is in linear dependence relation with diversity should be established on the presupposition that the community succession is normal.

To obtain the world coordinates of a measured object in camera measurement, a certain number of image control points should be established around the detected object as fiducial points for data processing. The precision of a fiducial point directly determines the measurement accuracy of the measured object in the camera measurement. Fiducial points in camera measurement are widely used in various fields of measurement, such as aerial surveys, close-range surveys, and 3D reconstruction. In addition, a fiducial point generally adopts an encoding structure to reduce the search cost in the detection. Camera measurement is used in the LAMOST fiber positioning system, which also requires fiducial points to ensure the accuracy of fiber positioning. Different from a general fiducial point, the whole system needs to operate under dark conditions during LAMOST observation, and optical fiber positioning is carried out by the “backlighting method”, which measures the optical fiber spot under a dark background. In addition, fiber positioning needs to reach an accuracy of 40 μ m at a distance of 20 m, which is difficult to achieve with the fiducial points used in general vision measurements. To meet the requirements of LAMOST optical fiber positioning with high accuracy, this paper presents a fiducial fiber and its recognition algorithm for optical fiber positioning of optical fiber spectroscopic telescopes. The fiducial fiber can be applied to a wide-field optical fiber spectroscopic telescope measurement system in a high-precision long-distance measurement environment. The experimental results show that fiducial fiber can ensure the accuracy of closed-loop positioning for LAMOST fiber units.