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The characteristics including surface morphology, phase constitution, thickness and the corrosion resistance of the porously anodic films prepared in the sulfuric electrolyte with different additives at 35°C were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD and electrochemical polarization method in this paper. The additives are organic acids, polyhydric alcohols and rare earth (REE) salts. A porous anodic film with about 20 nm holes in diameter can be obtained by additives into the sulfuric electrolyte. The main chemical compositions of the anodic films are Al, O elements, and a small amount of S. The film after boiling water sealing is composed of boehmite (Al2O3·H2O) and alumina (Al2O3) phases. The compactness and the thickness of the anodic films can be improved by the coupling effect of the additives, which increases the corrosion resistance of the film. The effect of additives on morphologies and corrosion resistance is discussed.

The characterization in microstructure, morphology and oxidation behavior of three iron-based coatings by Supersonic Arc Spraying (HVAS), were investigated by XRD, FESEM, EDS and thermal exposure in furnace in this paper. It is indicated that the three coatings are typical layer and compact structure. The coatings are composed of Fe (s.s) phase and kinds of ferric oxides, chrome carbides and/ or intermetallic phase distributing along the interface of lamellar layers. More Cr and Ti, Al elements can alternate the diameter and morphologies of the holes, resulting from the formation of oxides, carbides and intermetallic phase. The results indicate that SXTiAlC coating shows the most excellent oxidation resistance with 2.70 mg·cm-2 in mass gain, while that are 88.08 mg·cm-2 and 16.64 mg·cm-2 after 100 h thermal exposure at 800°C for LX88A and SXHCrA coatings, respectively. The oxidation behavior is discussed.

The characteristics in microstructure, surface morphology, chemical composition, hardness and wear resistance of the three protective iron-based compound coatings prepared by Supersonic Arc Spraying (HVAS), were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and Rockwell apparatus in this paper. It is indicated that the three coatings are typical layer and compact structures. The coatings are composed of Fe (s.s) phase and various kinds of ferric oxides, chrome carbides and/or intermetallic phase distributing along the interface of lamellar layers. More Cr and Ti, Al elements in the cored wires can degrease the diameter and alternate the morphologies of the holes in the coating, resulting from the formation of oxides, carbides and intermetallic phase during depositing the coating. The results indicate the SXTiAlC coating shows the most excellent wear performance among the three coatings. The wear behavior and mechanism are discussed.

Background： Postoperative preablative stimulated thyroglobulin （ps-Tg） has been evaluated in predicting prognosis and success of ablation regarding differentiated thyroid cancer （DTC）; however, its relationship with recurrence risk and radioiodine decision-making remains uncertain, especially in Chinese DTC patients. We aimed to evaluate the association between ps-Tg and recurrence risk stratification in DTC, to provide incremental values for ps-Tg in postoperative assessment and radioiodine management. Methods： Seven hundred and seven patients with DTC were included; low-risk （L; n = 90）, intermediate-risk （I; n = 283）, and high-risk （H; n = 334, 117 with distant metastasis [M 1 ]） patients were divided according to recurrence risk stratification. The M 1 group was further analyzed regarding evidence of metastasis. Cut-off values of ps-Tg were obtained using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results： Patients with more advanced disease at initial risk stratification were more likely to have higher ps-Tg levels （I vs. L： P 〈 0.05; H vs. 1： P 〈 0.001; H vs. L： P 〈 0.001）. The corresponding cut-off value of ps-Tg for distinguishing sensitivity and specificity in each of the two groups was 2.95 ng/ml （1 vs. L： 61.5%, 63.3%）, 29.5 ng/ml （H vs, I： 41.9%, 92.6%）, 47.1 ng/ml （M1 vs. M0 in the H group： 79.5%, 88.9%） and 47.1 ng/ml （MI vs. M0 in all patients： 79.5%, 93.7%）. With the cut-offvalue at 47.1 ng/ml, ps-Tg was the only factor that could be used to identify distant metastases, and consequently if measured before radioiodine therapy would prevent 10.26% of patients with M1 from undertreatment, Conclusions： Ps-Tg, as an ongoing reassessment marker, favors differential recurrence risk grading and provides incremental values for radioiodine treatment decision-making.

The surface morphologies, chemical composition, phase composition, compactness, thickness and the corrosion resistance of porous anodic films prepared in the sulfuric electrolyte with different additives at 35°C were investigated by XRD, FESEM, EDS, drop method in this paper. The additives are including organic acids, polyhydric alcohols and rare earth (REE) salts. It is indicated that a porously anodic film with about 20 nm holes in diameter can be obtained by additives into the sulfuric electrolyte. The main chemical compositions of the anodic films are Al, O elements, and a small amount of S. The film after boiling water sealing is composed of boehmite phase (Al2O3·H2O) and alumina (Al2O3). The corrosion resistance of the anodic film can be improved by the coupling effect of the additives. The mechanism is discussed.

The characterization in microstructure, morphology and oxidation behavior of three iron-based coatings by Supersonic Arc Spraying (HVAS), were investigated by XRD, FESEM, EDS and thermal exposure in furnace in this paper. It is indicated that the three coatings are typical layer and compact structure. The coatings are composed of Fe (s.s) phase and kinds of ferric oxides, chrome carbides and/ or intermetallic phase distributing along the interface of lamellar layers. More Cr and Ti, Al elements can alternate the diameter and morphologies of the holes, resulting from the formation of oxides, carbides and intermetallic phase. The results indicate that SXTiAlC coating shows the most excellent oxidation resistance with 2.70 mg cm-2 in mass gain, while that are 88.08 mg cm-2 and 16.64 mg cm-2 after 100 h thermal exposure at 800 degree C for LX88A and SXHCrA coatings, respectively. The oxidation behavior is discussed.

Aim： To investigate the influences of methotrexate （MTX） on the anticancer actions and pharmacokinetics of 5-aminoimidazole-4- carboxamide riboside （AICA riboside） in human breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods： Human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 were examined. The cell prolif- eration was assessed using a sulforhodamine B assay. Western blotting and radioactivity assays were used to analyze the phospho- rylation of AMPK. The DNA synthesis was analyzed with BrdU incorporation. Nude mice bearing MCF-7 cell xenografts were used to for in vivo study. MTX （50 mg/kg, ip, per week） and AICA riboside （200 mg/kg, ip, every other day） were administered the animals for 2 weeks. The concentrations of AICA riboside and its active metabolite AICA ribotide in the plasma and tumors were measured with HPLC. Results： Synergistic cytotoxicity in vitro was observed with MTX （0.1, 0.5, and 1 pmol/L） combined with AICA riboside （0.25-1 mmol/L） in MCF-7 cells, and with MTX （0.5 and I pmol/L） combined with AICA riboside （0.5 and I mmol/L） in HepG2 cells. MTX （1 pmol/L） sig- nificantly enhanced the AICA riboside-induced AMPK activation and BrdU incorporation in both MCF-7 and HepG2 cells. Co-treatment with MTX and AICA riboside exerted more potent inhibition on the tumor growth in nude mice than either drug alone. After injection of AICA riboside （200 mg/kg, iv） in nude mice bearing MCF-7 xenografts, MTX （50 mg/kg, iv） significantly increased the concentrations of AICA riboside and its active metabolite AICA ribotide in tumors. Conclusion： MTX and AICA riboside exert synergistic anticancer action against MCF-7 and HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo. MTX increases the concentration of AICA riboside and its active metabolite AICA ribotide in tumors in vivo.

Aim： To investigate the effects of a novel dithiocarbamate derivative TM208 on human breast cancer cells as well as the pharmacoki- netic characteristics of TM208 in human breast cancer xenograft mice. Methods： Human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with TM208 or a positive control drug tamoxifen. Cell pro- liferation was examined using SRB and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was analyzed with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay. Protein expression was examined with Western blot, ELISA and immunohistochemical analyses. MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft nude mice were orally administered TM208 （50 or 150 mg.k$1〈1-1） or tamoxifen （50 mg.kgl〈t-~） for 18 d. On d 19, the tumors were collected for analyses. Blood samples were collected from the mice treated with the high dose of TM208, and plasma concentrations of TM208 were measured using LC-MS/MS. Results： Treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with TM208 dose-dependently inhibited the cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro （the IC~o values were 36.38＋3.77 and 18.13＋0.76 pmol/L, respectively）. TM208 （20-150pmol/L） dose-dependently induced apoptosis of both the breast cancer cells in vitro. In MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft nude mice, TM208 administration dose-depend- ently reduced the tumor growth, but did not result in the accumulation of TM208 or weight loss. TM208 dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2 in both the breast cancer cells in vitro as well as in the MCF-7 xenograft tumor. Conclusion： Inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation plays an important role in the anticancer effect of TM208 against human breast cancer.

Percent free prostatic-specific antigen （%fPSA） has been introduced as a tool to avoid unnecessary biopsies in patients with a serum PSA level of 4.0-10.0 ng ml^-1, however, it remains controversial whether %fPSA is effective in PSA range of 10.1-20.0 ng ml^-1 in both Chinese and Western population. In this study, the diagnostic performance of %fPSA and serum PSA in predicting prostate cancer （PCa） and high-grade PCa （HGPCa） was analyzed in a multi-center biopsy cohort of 5915 consecutive Chinese patients who underwent prostate biopsy in 22 hospitals across China from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2013. The indication for biopsy was PSA〉4.0 ng ml^-1 or/and suspicious digital rectal examination. Total and free serum PSA determinations were performed by three types of electrochemiluminescence immunoassays with recalibration to the World Health Organization standards. The diagnostics accuracy of PSA, %fPSA and %fPSA in combination with PSA （%fPSA ＋ PSA） was determined by the area under the receivers operating characteristic curve （AUC）. %fPSA was more effective than PSA in men aged ≥60 years old. The AUC was 0.584 and 0.635 in men aged ≥60 years old with a PSA of 4.0-10.0 ng ml^-1 and 10.1-20.0 ng ml^-1, respectively. The AUC of %fPSA was superior to that of PSA in predicting HGPCa in patients ≥60 years old in these two PSA range. Our results indicated that %fPSA is both statistically effective and clinical applicable to predict prostate biopsy outcome in Chinese patients aged ≥60 years old with a PSA of 4.0-10.0 ng ml^-1 and 10.1-20.0 ng ml^-1.

Aim： Dopamine receptors are present in the nervous system and also widely distributed in the periphery. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of D1 subtype dopamine receptors （DRD1） in the regulation of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase （SULT2A1） in HepG2 cells. Methods： HepG2 cells were treated with DRD1 agonists with or without DRD1 antagonist for 9 d. DRD1 and SULT2A1 mRNA expression, protein expression, and SULT2A1 activity were detected using RT-PCR, Western blotting and HPLC, respectively. The level of cAMP was measured using a commercial kit. Results： All the 5 DR subtypes （DRD1-DRD1） were found to be expressed in HepG2 cells. Treatment of HepG2 cells with the specific DRD1 agonists SKF82958 （2.5 μmol/L） or SKF38393 （5 and 50 μmol/L） significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of both DRD1 and SULT2A1, and increased SULT2A1 activity and cAMP levels. These effects were partially blocked by co-treatment with the specific DRD1 antagonist SCH23390 （2.5 μmol/L）. In addition, transfection of HepG2 cells with DRD1-specific siRNAs decreased DRD1 mRNA expression by 40%, which resulted in the reduction of SULT2A1 mRNA expression by 60%, protein expression by 40%, and enzyme activity by 20%. Conclusion： DRD1 activation upregulates DRD1 and SULT2A1 expression and SULT2A1 activity in HepG2 cells, suggesting that the DRD1 subtype may be involved in the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics through regulating SULT2A1.