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"Liang, Yu"
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Probe the Regolith Characteristics of Asteroids from 9 yr Infrared Observations of WISE/NEOWISE: A Case Study of The Main-belt Object (656) Beagle
This work presents the data processing, fitting procedure, modeling, and analyzing of 9 yr infrared light curves provided by the WISE/NEOWISE telescope, by which the regolith characteristics of Main-belt Object (656) Beagle is studied. Beagle locates in the Themis family, and was proposed to be the parent of the first main-belt comet (MBC) 133P. We determine Beagle’s effective diameter Deff=57.3−2.2+4.5 km, geometric albedo pv=0.05−0.007+0.004 , mean roughness θ RMS = 44 ± 4°, mean grain size b=100−90+350μm , mean specific heat capacity c p = 173 ∼ 516 J Kg−1 K−1, mean thermal conductivity κ = 0.7 ∼ 1.3 × 10−3 W m−1 K−1, and mean thermal inertia Γ = 14 ∼ 32 J m−2 s−0.5 K−1. The albedo of Beagle is a little anomalous that the albedos of Beagle’s neighboring asteroids are more close to (24) Themis, rather than Beagle itself. The W1-band near-infrared (NIR) light curves do not reveal significant heterogeneous NIR features on the surface of Beagle, being inconsistent with the expectation of a family parent that has members with diverse NIR spectral types. These results add new clues of Beagle probably being an interloper or a sister, rather than the parent of its neighboring asteroids including the famous MBC 133P, hence may lead to new scenarios about the origin of 133P. Besides, we found that asteroidal shape models from inversion of optical light curves are imperfect for modeling infrared lightcurves, thus could mislead evaluations of both the heterogeneity of regolith reflectivity at NIR and thermophysical characteristics at thermal infrared.
Journal Article
Energy management of internet data centers in smart grid
This book reports the latest findings on intelligent energy management of Internet data centers in smart-grid environments. The book gathers novel research ideas in Internet data center energy management, especially scenarios with cyber-related vulnerabilities, power outages and carbon emission constraints. The book will be of interest to university researchers, R&D engineers and graduate students in communication and networking areas who wish to learn the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of energy management of Internet data centers in smart grids.
Book
Architecture of gene regulatory networks controlling flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana
Floral homeotic transcription factors (TFs) act in a combinatorial manner to specify the organ identities in the flower. However, the architecture and the function of the gene regulatory network (GRN) controlling floral organ specification is still poorly understood. In particular, the interconnections of homeotic TFs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and other factors controlling organ initiation and growth have not been studied systematically so far. Here, using a combination of genome-wide TF binding, mRNA and miRNA expression data, we reconstruct the dynamic GRN controlling floral meristem development and organ differentiation. We identify prevalent feed-forward loops (FFLs) mediated by floral homeotic TFs and miRNAs that regulate common targets. Experimental validation of a coherent FFL shows that petal size is controlled by the SEPALLATA3-regulated miR319/TCP4 module. We further show that combinatorial DNA-binding of homeotic factors and selected other TFs is predictive of organ-specific patterns of gene expression. Our results provide a valuable resource for studying molecular regulatory processes underlying floral organ specification in plants.
Homeotic transcription factors and miRNAs promote floral organ specification. Here Chen et al. reconstruct gene regulatory networks in
Arabidopsis
flowers and find evidence for feed forward loops between transcription factors, miRNAs and their targets that determine organ-specific gene expression.
Journal Article
Recent Development in Beta Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications
β-type titanium (Ti) alloys have attracted a lot of attention as novel biomedical materials in the past decades due to their low elastic moduli and good biocompatibility. This article provides a broad and extensive review of β-type Ti alloys in terms of alloy design, preparation methods, mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility. After briefly introducing the development of Ti and Ti alloys for biomedical applications, this article reviews the design of β-type Ti alloys from the perspective of the molybdenum equivalency (Moeq) method and DV-Xα molecular orbital method. Based on these methods, a considerable number of β-type Ti alloys are developed. Although β-type Ti alloys have lower elastic moduli compared with other types of Ti alloys, they still possess higher elastic moduli than human bones. Therefore, porous β-type Ti alloys with declined elastic modulus have been developed by some preparation methods, such as powder metallurgy, additive manufacture and so on. As reviewed, β-type Ti alloys have comparable or even better mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility compared with other types of Ti alloys. Hence, β-type Ti alloys are the more suitable materials used as implant materials. However, there are still some problems with β-type Ti alloys, such as biological inertness. As such, summarizing the findings from the current literature, suggestions forβ-type Ti alloys with bioactive coatings are proposed for the future development.
Journal Article
On shock-induced heavy-fluid-layer evolution
Investigation on the shock-induced finite-thickness fluid-layer evolution is very desirable but remains a challenge because it not only involves both the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) and the Rayleigh–Taylor instability (RTI), but also strongly depends on the waves reverberated inside the layer. We experimentally and theoretically examined the evolution of a shocked $\\textrm {SF}_6$ gas layer with a finite thickness surrounded by air. Specifically, three kinds of quasi-one-dimensional $\\textrm {SF}_6$ gas layers with different layer thicknesses are generated to study the wave patterns and interface motions, and six types of quasi-two-dimensional $\\textrm {SF}_6$ gas layers with diverse layer thicknesses and amplitude combinations are created to explore the interfacial instabilities of the layer. When the initial fluid layer is thin, the two interfaces of the layer coalesce at a late time. The present study is the first to report that except for the RMI induced by a shock wave on the two interfaces, the rarefaction waves (RW) inside the fluid layer induce the additional RTI and decompression effect on the first interface, and the compression waves (CW) inside the fluid layer cause the additional Rayleigh–Taylor stabilisation (RTS) and compression effect on the second interface. A general one-dimensional theory is established to describe the motions of the two interfaces. Linear and nonlinear models are successfully established by considering the interface-coupling effect on the RMI and the additional interfacial instabilities induced by these waves inside the heavy fluid layer. The established models predict well the perturbation growths on the two interfaces at all regimes.
Journal Article
Unveiling hydrocerussite as an electrochemically stable active phase for efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction to formate
For most metal-containing CO
2
reduction reaction (CO
2
RR) electrocatalysts, the unavoidable self-reduction to zero-valence metal will promote hydrogen evolution, hence lowering the CO
2
RR selectivity. Thus it is challenging to design a stable phase with resistance to electrochemical self-reduction as well as high CO
2
RR activity. Herein, we report a scenario to develop hydrocerussite as a stable and active electrocatalyst via in situ conversion of a complex precursor, tannin-lead(II) (TA-Pb) complex. A comprehensive characterization reveals the in situ transformation of TA-Pb to cerussite (PbCO
3
), and sequentially to hydrocerussite (Pb
3
(CO
3
)
2
(OH)
2
), which finally serves as a stable and active phase under CO
2
RR condition. Both experiments and theoretical calculations confirm the high activity and selectivity over hydrocerussite. This work not only offers a new approach of enhancing the selectivity in CO
2
RR by suppressing the self-reduction of electrode materials, but also provides a strategy for studying the reaction mechanism and active phases of electrocatalysts.
While electrochemical CO2 reduction represents a renewable means to produce high-value products, catalyst transformation may compete with desirable processes. Here, authors prevent catalyst self-reduction during CO2 electroreduction and show stable, formate-selective performances of hydrocerussite.
Journal Article
An overview of additively manufactured metal matrix composites: preparation, performance, and challenge
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are frequently employed in various advanced industries due to their high modulus and strength, favorable wear and corrosion resistance, and other good properties at elevated temperatures. In recent decades, additive manufacturing (AM) technology has garnered attention as a potential way for fabricating MMCs. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent endeavors and progress in AM of MMCs, encompassing available AM technologies, types of reinforcements, feedstock preparation, synthesis principles during the AM process, typical AM-produced MMCs, strengthening mechanisms, challenges, and future interests. Compared to conventionally manufactured MMCs, AM-produced MMCs exhibit more uniformly distributed reinforcements and refined microstructure, resulting in comparable or even better mechanical properties. In addition, AM technology can produce bulk MMCs with significantly low porosity and fabricate geometrically complex MMC components and MMC lattice structures. As reviewed, many AM-produced MMCs, such as Al matrix composites, Ti matrix composites, nickel matrix composites, Fe matrix composites, etc, have been successfully produced. The types and contents of reinforcements strongly influence the properties of AM-produced MMCs, the choice of AM technology, and the applied processing parameters. In these MMCs, four primary strengthening mechanisms have been identified: Hall–Petch strengthening, dislocation strengthening, load transfer strengthening, and Orowan strengthening. AM technologies offer advantages that enhance the properties of MMCs when compared with traditional fabrication methods. Despite the advantages above, further challenges of AM-produced MMCs are still faced, such as new methods and new technologies for investigating AM-produced MMCs, the intrinsic nature of MMCs coupled with AM technologies, and challenges in the AM processes. Therefore, the article concludes by discussing the challenges and future interests of AM of MMCs. Recent progresses in additive manufacturing on metal matrix composites are reviewed. Additive manufacturing technologies for metal matrix composites are summarized. The characteristics of feedstocks and reinforcements are introduced. Mechanical property of additively manufactured metal matrix composites is reviewed. Challenges of additively manufactured metal matrix composites are discussed.
Journal Article