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Learning from Muslims and Jews: In Search of the Identity of Christ from Eighth-century Baghdad to Seventeenth-century Hague
In past iterations of ecclesiastical historical writings and teachings, there has not always been sufficient acknowledgment of the encounters between Christians and their religious Others. This article is an exercise in diachronic comparative interreligious encounter: a Muslim-Christian engagement in the eighth century CE and a Jewish-Christian epistolary exchange in the seventeenth century CE. The former took place in Baghdad in the court of a caliph, whereas the latter took place between individuals in London and the Hague, between Baruch Spinoza and Henry Oldenburg. While it might be tempting to highlight the narratives of conversion away from one religion into another—whether from Christianity to Islam, Christianity to Judaism, or vice versa—in current historiography, it also seems that quotidian realities of interreligious exchange often do not lead to such conversions, and yet leave the participants better informed and further enlightened about the practice and pursuit of their own religion. The following two accounts are neither triumphalist nor tragic. Patriarch Timothy and Caliph al-Mahdī's exchange in eighth-century Baghdad shows the degree to which divine identity and Christian apophasis mattered. The letter exchanges between Spinoza and his interlocutors also show the degree to which divine mystery as ontological demarcator for both the doctrine of the Trinity and corresponding Christology, as well as Spinoza's repudiation of both, mattered. Lastly, these two examples of interreligious engagements show a pathway of encounter which does not dismiss or cancel the religious Other.
Journal Article
ATHEISM, ATOMS, AND THE ACTIVITY OF GOD: SCIENCE AND RELIGION IN EARLY BOYLE LECTURES, 1692–1707
The last‐half of seventeenth‐century England witnessed an increasing number of works published questioning the traditional notions of God's work of creation and providence. Ascribing agency to matter, motion, chance, and fortune, thinkers ranging from Hobbes, Spinoza, modern‐Epicureans, and other presented a challenge to the Anglican defenders of social and ecclesiastical order. By examining the genesis of the Boyle Lectures that began in 1692 with a bequest from Robert Boyle, we can see that while the Lecturers—three of whom will be examined in detail (Richard Bentley, John Harris, and William Whiston)—assiduously defended classical notions of the God–world relationship, they did so without a great sense of panic or pessimism. This transitional period in the mode of conflict or concord between religion and science sheds interesting lights on matters such as argument from design, biogenesis without purposive, personal agents, and scriptural exegesis and scientific inquiries.
Journal Article
Skaar : son of Hulk - the complete collection
Born in fire. Raised by monsters. Destined to smash! On an alien planet shattered by war, no one is stronger than Skaar -- the savage Son of Hulk! But as a warlord and a princess spread chaos through the wastelands, will Skaar save the puny survivors -- or eat them? Skaar seeks the mysterious Old Power, but can even he stop the coming of the Silver Surfer-and Galactus the Devourer? The soothsayers sing: One day, monsters will clash -- the boy will confront the man who abandoned him. When the Son of Hulk seeks vengeance on his father, will Earth be turned into Planet Skaar?
BOOK
The influence of laser surface remelting on the in vitro cell viability of additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V plates
Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, for instance, selective laser melting (SLM), have been used to produce orthopaedic metal implants to cater to the customised bone replacement needs of patients. The as-built implants fabricated by SLM are limited by the surface asperities and surface defects introduced by the layered deposition process, thus post-processes must be adopted to address these problems. As one of the potential post-processes to improve the surface quality, laser surface remelting (LSR) can be applied to eliminate surface pores and residual powder by remelting them into a thin and dense surface layer over the substrate. In this study, a 1064 nm wavelength, 100 W, nanosecond-pulsed fibre laser was used to remelt the surfaces of a cuboid Ti-6Al-4 V test plate placed in argon gas protection. A dense, pore-free and crack-free surface layer of over 300 µm in thickness was formed, demonstrating a phase transition from
α
+
β
to
α
′ phase Ti after the LSR process. Subsequent in vitro cell viability tests presented an improvement of human osteoblast-like SAOS2 cells’ viability subject to the LSR, which could be linked to the laser-remelted surface layer essentially slowing down the release of toxic vanadium ions. The results demonstrated a potential of the LSR technique to improve the biocompatibility of SLM produced Ti–6Al–4V implants in vivo.
Journal Article
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with Rocky Mountain spotted fever in a toddler: A case report
A three‐year‐old boy presented with fever, maculopapular rash involving palms and soles, and hyponatremia two weeks following a tick bite. Empiric doxycycline that he was on was discontinued following negative initial rickettsial serology based on the non‐endemicity of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in Northeast Ohio. He demonstrated high inflammatory markers and met the criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). With a working diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome secondary to presumed systemic‐onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (soJIA), he received HLH‐directed therapy. Rising antibody titers in convalescent sera established the diagnosis of RMSF. The patient recovered completely with HLH directed therapy and re‐institution of doxycycline. This is the first pediatric case report of Rickettsia rickettsii induced HLH demonstrating a favorable outcome despite modified therapy.
Journal Article
Determining the Clinical Utility of 16S rRNA Sequencing in the Management of Culture-Negative Pediatric Infections
The use of 16S rRNA sequencing in culture-negative infections has improved identification of bacterial pathogens in select scenarios, but its clinical impact requires further elucidation, especially in the pediatric population. This retrospective study aims to determine the clinical utility of 16S rRNA sequencing on the clinical management of pediatric culture-negative infections in our institution. Significant clinical utility was identified in 30 (40.5%) of 74 clinical samples (p < 0.0001). Of all specimens, pulmonary samples yielded the most clinical utility (n = 9, 30%), followed equally by joint fluid (n = 6, 20%) and bone (n = 6, 20%), with no difference between fluid and fresh tissue specimens (p = 0.346). Although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.4111), the overall use of broad-spectrum coverage was decreased. The median number of antibiotics was decreased from two to one (p < 0.0001) based on 16S rRNA sequencing results. The results suggest that 16S rRNA sequencing has a significant impact on decreasing the number of antibiotics used in the treatment of pediatric culture-negative infections. 16S rRNA sequencing performed on pulmonary specimens has the highest likelihood of identifying a pathogen compared to other specimen types. Additional cost–benefit analysis needs to be completed to further determine clinical benefit.
Journal Article