Explore the vast range of titles available.

With the growing intensity of global cybersecurity threats and the rapid advancement of attack techniques, strengthening enterprise information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructures and enhancing digital forensics have become critical imperatives. Cloud environments, in particular, present substantial challenges due to the limited availability of effective forensic tools and the pressing demand for impartial and legally admissible digital evidence. To address these challenges, we propose a proactive digital forensics mechanism (P-DFM) designed for emergency incident management in enterprise settings. This mechanism integrates a range of forensic tools to identify and preserve critical digital evidence. It also incorporates the MITRE ATT&CK framework with Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) and Managed Detection and Response (MDR) systems to enable comprehensive and timely threat detection and analysis. The principal contribution of this study is the formulation of a novel Proactive Digital Evidence Forensics Standard Operating Procedure (P-DEFSOP), which enhances the accuracy and efficiency of security threat detection and forensic analysis while ensuring that digital evidence remains legally admissible. This advancement significantly reinforces the cybersecurity posture of enterprise networks. Our approach is systematically grounded in the Digital Evidence Forensics Standard Operating Procedure (DEFSOP) framework and complies with internationally recognized digital forensic standards, including ISO/IEC 27035 and ISO/IEC 27037, to ensure the integrity, reliability, validity, and legal admissibility of digital evidence throughout the forensic process. Given the complexity of cloud computing infrastructures—such as Chunghwa Telecom HiCloud, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure—we underscore the critical importance of impartial and standardized digital forensic services in cloud-based environments.

The present study investigated factors influencing cybersecurity in railway critical infrastructure by identifying relevant factors and criteria and then prioritizing them in order of importance. To address the lack of multi-criteria analysis in previous studies on this topic, the present study applied the analytical hierarchy process to identify factors and criteria influencing cybersecurity and then selected the top 70% of influencing criteria to serve as a reference for railway cybersecurity project management. A total of 25 valid expert questionnaires were collected for weight vector analysis, revealing that the influencing criteria in the top 70% were inability to monitor train occupancy in track sections (locations); inability of controllers to issue commands to safety control systems; inability to provide drivers with information on upcoming signals, block status, and train occupancy; failure to automatically apply brakes when the train exceeds the speed limit; increased risk of catastrophic accidents due to power system security vulnerabilities; and inability of the dispatching system to automatically track train numbers.

This study primarily aims to evaluate the relative importance of factors influencing project risk management. In particular, we seek to identify and prioritize the key factors affecting the bidding process within the cross-strait political and economic context. This research employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to calculate the relative weights of project risk factors. This study conducted AHP questionnaire interviews with 15 experts, including industry professionals, government project management executives with over 15 years of experience, and professors specializing in project risk management. Through pairwise comparisons across three hierarchical levels and twelve factors, this study identified the key influencing factors that account for 70% of the cumulative eigenvector weight. Based on seven key risk factors identified, namely, political factors, lack of professional skills among subcontractors, lack of professional skills among personnel, resident protests, insufficient project duration, insufficient manpower, and lowest bid awarded, a project management bid preparation checklist is developed. Political ideology is identified as the most significant risk factor for contractors. Implementing this checklist can effectively control approximately 70% of the identified risks.

This study explored whether atrial fibrillation (AF)’s influence on short sleep duration (SD) increases the subsequent risk of fatness in management executives. This study included 25,953 healthy individuals working as management executives with ages ranging from 35 to 65 years (19,100 men and 6853 women) who participated in a qualifying physical filter program from 2006 to 2017 in Taiwan. Men and women who slept < 4 h had a 4.35-fold and 5.26-fold higher risk of developing AF than those who slept 7–8 h normally. Men and women who slept < 4 h had a 6.44-fold and 9.62-fold higher risk of fatness than those who slept 7–8 h. Men and women with AF had a 4.52-fold and 6.25-fold higher risk of fatness than those without AF. It showed that AF induced by short SD increases the risk of fatness. A short SD can predict an increased risk of fatness among management executives in Taiwan.

Objective: This study used a long-term trend analysis to investigate whether gender differences were related to the risk of injury and epidemiological characteristics in Taiwan from 1998 to 2015. Materials and methods: Data on 4,647,259 hospitalized patients that were injured from 1 January 1998, to 31 December 2015 were collected from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Among the injured patients, 2,721,612 males and 1,925,446 females were identified. Patients were age-, gender-, and index date-matched. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the risks of injury via gender differences. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The injury risk of the male patients was 1.4 times higher than that of female patients (AOR = 1.427, 95% CI = 1.40–1.44). The rising trend of male injured hospitalized patients was also greater than that of female injured hospitalized patients. Conclusion: Males were more at risk of injury than females. Gender differences were related to the increased risk of epidemiological characteristics of injury.

Objective: To investigate the association between various injuries and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and distinguish ADHD from non-ADHD with regards to risk of various injuries among children in Taiwan. Method: Using the data from the National Health Insurance Research Database, we selected a total of 1802 subjects under the age of 18 who were diagnosed with ADHD as well as an additional 7208 subjects as a comparison group. Results: Compared with children who were not diagnosed with ADHD, children diagnosed with ADHD were more likely to intentionally injure themselves. During the school year, ADHD children were injured less frequently than were non-ADHD children on traffic-related incidents. The adjusted hazard ratio of injury for the ADHD children was 2.493 times higher than that of comparison subjects. The ADHD children had a greater length of stay and medical cost when compared to those of the non-ADHD children. Age showed a significant inverse relationship with injury. Among the ADHD children, the injury rate was evidently higher for the low-income group than for the non-low-income group. Conclusions: Age, cause of injuries, low-income household status, and school season all have a significant connection to the risk of injury for ADHD children.

Forensic accounting (FA) can prevent corporate fraud on an ex-ante, interim, and ex-post basis. Compared to traditional audits, forensic accounting enables reasonability assessments and confirmatory services and hence it serves better preventative purposes. After a number of major frauds over recent years, the demand for forensic accounting has been rising all over the world. Currently, there are no standard operating procedures or criteria for forensic accounting across countries, although some scholars and organizations have come up with relevant studies or work manuals for internal references. A number of journals and papers have examined how to deter corporate fraud. However, there are few discussions on the prevention of government agency fraud, let alone the integration of fraud auditing and forensic accounting in the context of government audits. This paper explores the warning signs found by fraud auditing and digital forensic techniques of forensic accounting, in order to standardize the process and method of data gathering. The purpose is to reduce the likelihood of errors. The integrated and real-time information flow generated by technology is introduced into government audits. The construction of the Digital Evidence Forensic Accounting Standard Operation Procedure for Government Audits (DEFASOP for GOV Audits) can resolve the problems of understaffing in government audits and achieve continuous auditing (CA).

Microparticles are small membrane fragments shed primarily from blood and endothelial cells during either activation or apoptosis. There is mounting evidence suggesting that microparticles perform a large array of biological functions and contribute to various diseases. Of these disease processes, a significant link has been established between microparticles and venous thromboembolism. Advances in research on the role of microparticles in thrombosis have yielded crucial insights into possible mechanisms, diagnoses and therapeutic targets of venous thromboembolism. In this review, we discuss the definition and properties of microparticles and venous thromboembotism, provide a synopsis of the evidence detailing the contributions of microparticles to venous thromboembolism, and propose potential mechanisms, by which venous thromboembolism occurs. Moreover, we illustrate a possible role of microparticles in cancer-related venous thromboembolism.

Continuous cooling transformation behaviors of low carbon steels with two Si contents （0. 50% and 1. 35%） were investigated under undeformed and deformed conditions. Effects of Si contents, deformation, and cooling rates on γ transformation start temperature （Ar3）, phase microstructures, and hardness were studied. The results show that, in the ease of the deformation with the true strain of 0. 4, the length of bainitic ferrite laths is significantly decreased in low Si steel, whereas, the M/A constituent becomes more uniform in high Si steel. An increase in cooling rates lowers the Ar3 greatly. The steel with higher level of Si exhibits higher Ar3, and higher hardness both under undeformed and deformed conditions compared with the steel with a lower Si content. Especially, the influence of Si on At3 is dependent on deformation. Such effects are more significant under the undeformed condition. The hardness of both steels increases with the increase of cooling rates, whereas, the deformation involved in both steels reduces the hardness.