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Objectives This study is to evaluate the efficacy of participatory ergonomic (PE) intervention on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and work ability among young dental professionals in China. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trail was conducted during 2015–2016. Twenty‐nine departments from five hospitals in the South of China were randomized into intervention (14 departments) and control (15 departments), with individuals of 125 and 138 dental professionals, respectively. Main participatory ergonomic interventions involved work posture, repetitive motions, tool usage, work break relaxation and work time re‐arrangement with total 235 ergonomic changes in the trail. Individual ergonomic risk exposure was assessed by investigator's observation using quick exposure check (QEC). Work ability index (WAI) and MSDs were collected by questionnaires at baseline, and every 3 months during the 1‐year follow‐up. Results Follow‐up rate was 91% and 96% for the intervention and control group, respectively. Significant reductions in ergonomic risk exposure and MSD prevalence on six anatomic sites were found in the PE group during the different follow‐up stages. WAI scores improved by 1.1 (95% CI 0.43, 1.89) after the 9‐month intervention. Compared to the control, the PE participants significantly reduced MSDs on neck (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.25, 4.03) and wrists/hands (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.08, 4.21), marginally increased WAI scores by 0.53 (95% CI: −0.02, 1.56) due to the interventions. Conclusion PE intervention is effective in reducing ergonomic risk exposure and MSDs on neck and wrists/hands among young dental professionals. PE ought to be offered in the early dental career for preventing MSDs.

BackgroundRenal denervation (RDN) has been used to promote kidney injury repair, whereas miRNAs have been found to be involved in the pathophysiology of renal injury. However, the miRNA alterations that occur after RDN and the related protective mechanisms remain to be determined.MethodsRenal ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) rat model was established and RDN was performed. Animals were killed at 24 h and 2 weeks following the operation. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels, renal function, tubular cell apoptosis and histological sections were examined at 24 h, whereas renal fibrosis and capillary vessels were assessed at 2 weeks. Furthermore, the expression of miRNAs in the injured kidney was determined using micro-array and the target genes were analyzed.ResultsWe found that TH was eliminated and that renal function was improved in the denervation group at 24 h. RDN reduced tubular cell apoptosis and mitigated the histological lesion. Furthermore, an increase of capillary vessel density and reduction of renal fibrosis were observed after 2 weeks. Moreover, the numbers of miRNAs were up-regulated after RDN treatment, and the miRNAs targeted pro-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic and inflammatory pathways.ConclusionsRDN is a reliable method for alleviating IRI-induced acute and chronic kidney injury, and modulating the miRNA-related pro-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic or inflammatory pathways involved in this process.

Purpose This study was to evaluate the associations of dietary intake of total and specific phytosterols and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to explore their joint effects with PLCE1 rs2274223 polymorphisms. Methods A population-based case–control study was conducted in a Chinese rural population and 856 eligible incident ESCC cases and 856 controls were included. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary consumption and PLCE1 rs2274223 polymorphisms were genotyped. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were assessed via logistic regression model. Results When comparing the highest with lowest intake quartiles, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitostanol, campestanol, and total phytosterols were all associated with a decreased risk of ESCC, with adjusted ORs being 0.32 (95% CI 0.20–0.48), 0.18 (95% CI 0.11–0.27), 0.45 (95% CI 0.29–0.70), 0.13 (95% CI 0.08–0.20), 0.14 (95% CI 0.09–0.22) and 0.28 (95% CI 0.18–0.43), respectively. An exposure—response relationship was also observed for both total and five specific phytosterols (all P for trend < 0.001). In comparison to rs2274223 AA genotype, both GA genotype (OR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.16–1.85) and GG genotype (OR: 2.13, 95% CI 1.20–3.84) were associated with an increased risk of ESCC. However, no interaction was observed between total/specific phytosterols intake and rs2274223 polymorphisms. Conclusion Higher dietary intake of total and five specific phytosterols was associated with a lower risk of ESCC, and the risk of ESCC increased with the increment of rs2274223 G allele. The negative association between phytosterols and ESCC risk was not modified by rs2274223 polymorphisms. Foods or supplements rich in phytosterols are a promising source for chemoprevention of ESCC, and still, clinical trials will be required in any specific case.

Background: ADAMTS5 has different roles in multiple types of cancers and participates in various molecular mechanisms. However, the prognostic value of ADAMTS5 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains unclear. We carried the study to evaluate the prognostic value and identified underlying molecular mechanisms in HCC. Methods: Firstly, the association of ADAMTS5 expression and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated by in GSE14520. Next, ADAMTS5 expression in HCC was performed using GSE14520, GSE36376, GSE76427 and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) profile. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analysis, subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of ADAMTS5 in HCC. Finally, GO enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to revealed underlying molecular mechanisms. Result: The expression of ADAMTS5 was positively correlated with the development of HCC. Next, high ADAMTS5 expression was significantly associated with poorer survival (all P < 0.05) and the impact of ADAMTS5 on all overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), disease specific survival (DSS) and progression free interval (PFI) was specific for HCC among other 29 cancer types. Subgroup analysis showed that ADAMTS5 overexpression was significantly associated with poorer OS in patients with HCC. Finally, ADAMTS5 might participate in the status conversion from metabolic-dominant to extracellular matrix-dominant, and the activation of ECM-related biological process might contribute to high higher mortality risk for patients with HCC. Conclusion: ADAMTS5 may play an important role in the progression of HCC, and may be considered as a novel and effective biomarker for predicting prognosis for patients with HCC.

Toluene, as a common organic solvent in academic laboratories in university campuses, poses potential exposure concerns to students and staff in university campuses. Hence, by using a computational fluid dynamics simulation, we investigated the dispersion characteristics of toluene at a campus in Guangzhou under meteorological conditions and the impact of newly constructed buildings on toluene concentrations. The numerical simulation results reveal that toluene is readily accumulated in the free movement area under the prevailing east wind, in the administrative area under the prevailing north-northeast wind, and in the teaching area under the prevailing south wind. Therein, the teaching buildings (TB3-TB6) possess the highest average concentration of toluene compared with other functional areas. In the presence of newly constructed buildings, the toluene concentrations are decreased under the south-southeast wind but are aggravated under the southeast wind. As the height increases, under south-southeast winds, the merging of vortex structures continuously reduces toluene concentrations at TB3 and TB4 and the expansion of the wake region rebounds the toluene pollution at TB5 and TB6; under southeast winds, the expanding vertical vortex structures aggravate toluene pollution at TB3 and TB5 but attenuate toluene pollution at TB4 and TB6. Our results reveal that the teaching areas of the target campus represent a critical zone for potential student exposure during summer and require particular attention. This study provides new insights into the coupled effects of prevailing wind conditions and campus morphology on VOC dispersion characteristics and improves the understanding of airflow pollutant interactions in complex campus environments.

Background Exposure to high ergonomic risk resulted in an increasing prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dental professional. However, little is known about the high exposure risk impact on work ability among dental professionals. Objective We conducted a cross‐sectional study to examine the association between ergonomic risk exposure and work ability among young dental professionals in their early careers. Methods A total of 230 dental professionals including dentists, dental assistants, and nurses were clustered sampled from three hospitals in Guangzhou, south of China. We used the Quick Ergonomic Check (QEC) to assess participants' ergonomic risk exposure and Work Ability Index (WAI) to evaluate their work ability. Demographics and other factors related with WAI were also included in the data collection. Multiple linear regression was applied to analyze the association between ergonomic exposure scores and WAI. Results A total of 218 participants (94.8%) had valid data and consent forms. The participants' average WAI was 39.6, of which the poor and moderate WAI composed 31%. High and very high ergonomic risk exposure level was 45.9% for the neck and 21.1% for the wrist/hand. In general, WAI decreased with higher ergonomic exposure level. With adjustment of other potential risk factors, the ergonomic scores for wrist/hand and total scores for the whole body were significantly associated with the decreased WAI. Conclusion High ergonomic risk exposure might risk in reducing work ability among young dental professionals. Intervention measures toward ergonomic risk should be taken to prevent WAI from decreasing in their early careers.

Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) leads to acute kidney injury (AKI), which poses serious threat to public health and society. Many clinical studies were conducted to evaluate several biomarkers in AKI, among which Cofilin-1 remains to be a very promising one. To explore the potential mechanism of Cofilin-1 in AKI, we established an oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD)-induced AKI cell model. The overexpression and knock-down Cofilin-1 were used for gain- and loss-of-function. Pharmacological inhibitors were employed to study the related pathways. The results showed that Cofilin-1 was significantly upregulated in AKI cells, knocking down Cofilin-1 protected cells against the effect of OGD treatment and alleviated AKI phenotypes. Overexpression of Cofilin-1 might induce AKI by triggering ferroptosis, inhibiting NF-κB signaling or ER stress pathway attenuated Cofilin-1 induced lipid peroxidation and AKI. We also validated our findings in IRI-induced AKI mouse models in vivo. Our work elucidated that Cofilin-1 might induce AKI via promoting ER stress-mediated ferroptosis and argues it as a biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI. We also expect to offer novel insights on future therapeutic interventions.

This study was conducted to assess the reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that was developed to assess the overall dietary consumption via dietary pattern method in a rural population in southwest China. A total of 179 participants aged between 40 and 70 years old were included in this study. Participants administered FFQ at baseline (FFQ1) and one year later (FFQ2) to assess the reproducibility. Six 3-day 24-hour recalls (24HRs) were completed between the administrations of two FFQs to determine the validity. Dietary patterns from three separate dietary sources were derived by using principle component factor analysis. Comparisons between dietary pattern scores were made by using Pearson or intraclass correlation coefficient, cross-classification analysis, weighted kappa (κ) statistic and Bland-Altman analysis. The de-attenuated method was adopted to correct the monthly and seasonally variation and the partial correlation analysis was used correct the influence by total energy intake. Two major dietary factors, labeled as prudent pattern and processed food pattern, were identified. The prudent pattern was characterized by higher factor loadings of wheat, rice, fresh vegetables, bean products, nuts, red meat, white meat and fresh eggs; and the processed food pattern was characterized by higher factor loadings of pickled vegetables, preserved vegetables and salted meat. Between Two FFQs, intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.57 for prudent pattern and 0.55 for processed food pattern, partial Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.51 for the prudent pattern and 0.56 for the processed food pattern; weighted κ statistic ranged from 0.45 (for the prudent pattern) to 0.56 (for the processed food pattern). Between FFQs and 24HRs, de-attenuated correlation coefficients ranged from 0.54 to 0.78 for the prudent pattern and from 0.55 to 0.61 for the processed food pattern; partial Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.41 to 0.56 for the prudent pattern and from 0.42 to 0.44 for the processed food pattern; weighted κ statistic ranged from 0.42 to 0.46 for prudent pattern and from 0.43 to 0.60 for processed food pattern. The Bland-Altman plots and limits of agreement indicated that the deviation/divergence was not obvious for both of the patterns between FFQ1 and FFQ2 and between FFQs and 24HRs. The study suggests that the FFQ is reasonably reproducible and valid to assess the overall dietary consumption via dietary pattern methods in the Chinese rural population.

Background Apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) is a potent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its role in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains unclear. Given the clinical and pathological similarities between CSVD and AD, this study aimed to investigate the associations of APOE ε4 gene dosage with cognitive function and dyslipidemia in CSVD patients, and to explore whether lipid disturbances mediate the effect of APOE ε4 on white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden and cognitive impairment. Methods The study was a retrospective study. A total of 717 inpatients with CSVD admitted to the Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, from January 2023 to January 2025 were enrolled. Associations among APOE ε4 gene dosage, cognitive function, lipid metabolism, and WMH were analyzed. Results The number of APOE ε4 alleles showed a significant negative correlation with MMSE and MoCA scores (p < 0.001), and a dose‐dependent positive correlation with the risk of cognitive impairment and WMH severity, independent of traditional vascular risk factors. Lipid analysis indicated that APOE ε4 was an independent risk factor for elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), but had no significant associations with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) or triglycerides (TG). Mediation analysis suggested that LDL‐C may mediate the indirect detrimental effect of APOE ε4 on cognitive function. Conclusion APOE ε4 gene dosage is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline and WMH in CSVD patients, independent of traditional vascular risk factors. APOE ε4 may indirectly impair cognitive function by elevating LDL‐C levels to exacerbate atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular injury.