Explore the vast range of titles available.

AbstractObjectiveTo study the clinical characteristics of patients in Zhejiang province, China, infected with the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-2019).DesignRetrospective case series.SettingSeven hospitals in Zhejiang province, China.Participants62 patients admitted to hospital with laboratory confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. Data were collected from 10 January 2020 to 26 January 2020.Main outcome measuresClinical data, collected using a standardised case report form, such as temperature, history of exposure, incubation period. If information was not clear, the working group in Hangzhou contacted the doctor responsible for treating the patient for clarification.ResultsOf the 62 patients studied (median age 41 years), only one was admitted to an intensive care unit, and no patients died during the study. According to research, none of the infected patients in Zhejiang province were ever exposed to the Huanan seafood market, the original source of the virus; all studied cases were infected by human to human transmission. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever in 48 (77%) patients, cough in 50 (81%), expectoration in 35 (56%), headache in 21 (34%), myalgia or fatigue in 32 (52%), diarrhoea in 3 (8%), and haemoptysis in 2 (3%). Only two patients (3%) developed shortness of breath on admission. The median time from exposure to onset of illness was 4 days (interquartile range 3-5 days), and from onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 2 (1-4) days.ConclusionAs of early February 2020, compared with patients initially infected with SARS-Cov-2 in Wuhan, the symptoms of patients in Zhejiang province are relatively mild.

In contemporary printing processes, dot gain is a pivotal factor influencing print quality. This phenomenon, characterized by the loss of image details and the potential for chromatic aberration, poses significant challenges to enhancing print quality. Despite extensive research that has been conducted by numerous scholars on dot gain, effective control and correction of this phenomenon in practical printing operations remain an urgent concern. This study utilized newsprint, offset paper, and coated paper as research objects, and employed the least squares method and MATLAB tools to calculate dot gain compensation values through the “coordinate transformation method” and fit the compensation curve of dot gain. The novelty of this research lies in its development of an integrated mathematical modeling approach that combines least squares optimization with coordinate transformation, providing a computationally efficient alternative to traditional inverse function methods. The experimental results demonstrated that the compensation strategy was effective in the mid-tone and dark-tone areas, significantly enhancing printing accuracy and stability. However, in the bright tone area, further optimization of the compensation effect is necessary. The study proposes a dot gain compensation strategy based on the least squares method, providing the printing industry with new ideas and technical support for enhancing printing quality.

Focal adhesion (FA) assembly, mediated by integrin activation, responds to matrix stiffness; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we showed that β1 integrin and caveolin-1 (Cav1) levels were decreased with declining matrix stiffness. Soft matrix selectively downregulated β1 integrin by endocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation. Disruption of lipid rafts with methyl-β-cyclodextrin or nystatin, or knockdown of Cav1 by siRNA decreased cell spreading, FA assembly, and β1 integrin protein levels in cells cultured on stiff matrix. Overexpression of Cav1, particularly the phospho-mimetic mutant Cav1-Y14D, averted soft matrix-induced decreases in β1 integrin protein levels, cell spreading, and FA assembly in NMuMG cells. Interestingly, overexpression of an auto-clustering β1 integrin hindered soft matrix-induced reduction of Cav1 and cell spreading, which suggests a reciprocal regulation between β1 integrin and Cav1. Finally, co-expression of this auto-clustering β1 integrin and Cav1-Y14D synergistically enhanced cell spreading, and FA assembly in HEK293T cells cultured on either stiff ( > G Pa) or soft (0.2 kPa) matrices. Collectively, these results suggest that matrix stiffness governs the expression of β1 integrin and Cav1, which reciprocally control each other, and subsequently determine FA assembly and turnover.

The ageing population is a powerful and transformative demographic force. The World Health Organization (WHO) has encouraged the development of an age-friendly hospital (AFH) network. However, no specific implementation strategies or best practices of AFH standards have been produced. This study sought to apply Kotter's change model to the elements included in a successful AFH certification process and to evaluate the changes in employees' knowledge of ageing and their attitudes toward the elderly. This was an observational study that utilized a pre- and posttest design, before and after an age-friendly hospital certification process was implemented. Participants were 163 hospital employees in Taiwan, who completed both pre- and postquestionnaires. The self-administered online questionnaire consisted of three sections: The Facts on Ageing Quiz, the Geriatric Attitudes Scale, and a demographic questionnaire. Following introduction of the intervention, the change process began, and later Kotter's model was brought in as a descriptive framework. The results showed that Kotter's eight-step framework is a good choice for thinking about how to change practice and make healthcare more age-friendly. Employee knowledge of ageing and their attitudes toward the elderly improved after this certification process. Appointing a chief executive officer, forming a steering committee, obtaining interdepartmental and interdisciplinary cooperation, and \"soliciting support\" for new policies from all employees, were identified as key factors influencing the success of age-friendly hospital (AFH) certification. This is the first study to apply Kotter's eight-step framework of organizational change to an AFH certification process.

This study aims to describe the activity of daily living (ADL) situation and determine the relationship between health behavior and ADL among older adults in China. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in one urban community and one rural community in Chengdu (a city located in Southwest China), China, from October 2022 to March 2023. A total of 706 older adults were included in this study. The associations between health behaviour and ADL were assessed by logistic regression model. Of the 706 older adults, 169 (23.9%) were disabled in ADL. According to the logistic regression analysis, age (60–69 years old: OR = 0.015, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.035, P  < 0.001; 70–79 years old: OR = 0.116, 95% CI 0.060 to 0.227, P  < 0.001), resident(OR = 0.568, 95% CI 0.330 to 0.976, P  = 0.041), chronic disease (0 type: OR = 0.023, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.379, P  = 0.008; 1–4 types: OR = 0.357, 95% CI 0.219 to 0.582, P  < 0.001), no exercise (OR = 4.562, 95% CI 2.263 to 8.026, P  < 0.001), and physical examination (OR = 2.217, 95% CI 1.294 to 3.496, P  = 0.003) were significantly associated with ADL among older adults in Southwest China. This study showed that older adults had a higher ADL disability ratio. Age, resident, chronic disease, exercise and physical examination were associated with ADL among older adults. The study indicates that medium/high exercise maybe a protective factor for older adults, and nursing staff can encourage older adults to exercise when carrying out primary prevention measures. The government and public health institutions should give special attention to older adults and help them to acquire the habit of having an annual physical examination.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the common long-term degenerative disorders that primarily affect motor systems. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in individuals with PD and often present before motor symptoms. It has been found that gut dysbiosis to PD pathology is related to the severity of motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. Probiotics have been reported to have the ability to improve the symptoms related to constipation in PD patients. However, the evidence from preclinical or clinical research to verify the beneficial effects of probiotics for the motor functions in PD is still limited. An experimental PD animal model could be helpful in exploring the potential therapeutic strategy using probiotics. In the current study, we examined whether daily and long-term administration of probiotics has neuroprotective effects on nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and whether it can further alleviate the motor dysfunctions in PD mice. Transgenic MitoPark PD mice were chosen for this study and the effects of daily probiotic treatment on gait, beam balance, motor coordination, and the degeneration levels of dopaminergic neurons were identified. From the results, compared with the sham treatment group, we found that the daily administration of probiotics significantly reduced the motor impairments in gait pattern, balance function, and motor coordination. Immunohistochemically, a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cell in the substantia nigra was significantly preserved in the probiotic-treated PD mice. These results showed that long-term administration of probiotics has neuroprotective effects on dopamine neurons and further attenuates the deterioration of motor dysfunctions in MitoPark PD mice. Our data further highlighted the promising possibility of the potential use of probiotics, which could be the relevant approach for further application on human PD subjects.

This study aims to assess the prevalence of geriatric syndromes and identify factors associated with multiple geriatric syndromes in community-dwelling older adults in China. We utilized a convenience sampling method to recruit older adults and from one rural and one urban community in Chengdu, China, from October 2022 to March 2023. A total of 706 older adults aged 60 years or older were included. Ten geriatric syndromes were investigated including two mental disorders: depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment; and eight somatic disorders: pain, falls, sleep disturbance, constipation, polypharmacy, multimorbidity, malnutrition and frailty. Multiple geriatric syndromes were defined as an individual having two or more geriatric syndromes. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics. The independent risk factors for multiple geriatric syndromes were assessed using a logistic regression model. This study found that 90.5% of the participants had at least one geriatric syndrome, with 72.8% experiencing multiple geriatric syndromes. The top four geriatric syndromes in our study were polypharmacy (58.5%), malnutrition/at risk of malnutrition (43.1%), multimorbidity (42.1%), and frailty/prefrailty (34.3%). Of the older adults, 368(52.1%) had only somatic disorders, 18(2.5%) had only mental disorders and 253 (35.8%) had somatic-mental disorders. According to the logistic regression analysis, residence, age, marriage, BMI, and self-related health were significantly associated with multiple geriatric syndromes among older adults. This study highlights that multiple geriatric syndromes are prevalent among community-dwelling older adults in China, and underscores the significance of certain demographic factors in their occurrence. Future longitudinal studies are needed to establish the temporal relationship between multiple geriatric syndromes and these demographic factors, as well as to explore causal relationships and effective prevention strategies for geriatric syndrome.

Aims To assess the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for monitoring disease activity of Takayasu arteritis (TA). Methods TA patients were recruited in a Chinese TA clinical center from January 2016 to September 2017. The physician global assessment was used as the referential standard for disease activity. Clinical data, acute phase reactants, and CEUS scans were simultaneously recorded at baseline and after a 3-month therapy. Results A total of 84 TA patients were enrolled, and 47 (55.95%) cases were active at baseline. Macaroni sign and entire artery involvement were characteristic findings of CEUS in TA. The average vascular full thickness of the carotid artery in active TA patients was significantly higher than that in inactive patients (2.36 ± 0.86 vs. 1.79 ± 0.49 mm; p  = 0.001). Severe neovascularization (grade 2) was observed in 29 active cases (61.70%) and in 9 inactive cases (24.32%) ( p  = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the combination of CEUS parameters (cutoff of thickness was 1.75 mm or neovascularization grade 2) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (cutoff of 20 mm/H) could help differentiate between active and inactive TA patients with a sensitivity and specificity of 81.1% and 81.5%, respectively. Youdon’s index was 0.626. Furthermore, our study found that patients with decreased ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP) still had a progression of vascular wall inflammation at 3 months of follow-up. Conclusions The evaluation of vascular inflammation by CEUS is more sensitive than acute phase reactants. Neovascularization can still be observed in the vascular lesion sites of those who have reached clinical remission after treatment. Thus, CEUS can be used as an alternative method to assess disease activity for TA patients.

In high-frequency interaction network environments, network traffic features and user behavior sequences often exhibit pronounced temporal asynchrony and information redundancy, which can substantially weaken the capability of anomaly detection models to identify dynamic attack patterns. Based on this observation, this study proposes and empirically validates a core hypothesis: explicitly modeling the temporal asynchrony among multi-source sequences and performing collaborative modeling on a unified temporal scale can effectively enhance the accuracy and stability of cybersecurity anomaly detection under high-frequency interaction scenarios. To verify this hypothesis, a Cross-Sequence Aligned Transformer-driven Dynamic Recognition Model (CSAT-DRM) is developed, which falls within the category of deep learning–based multimodal time-series anomaly detection frameworks. The proposed model employs a cross-sequence alignment mechanism to softly align network traffic sequences and user behavior sequences, capturing their latent correlations without compressing inherent temporal discrepancies. Meanwhile, an interaction-sensitive residual structure is introduced into the Transformer encoding process to enhance the discriminability of anomalous features under high-frequency interactions, and a dynamic threshold generation strategy is integrated to enable adaptive anomaly discrimination. Experiments are conducted on real-world network interaction log data and evaluated through multiple baseline models and five independent repeated runs. The results show that CSAT-DRM achieves an accuracy of 0.968 ± 0.004, a precision of 0.957 ± 0.005, a recall of 0.953 ± 0.006, and an F1-score of 0.955 ± 0.005 on the test set, significantly outperforming baseline approaches including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), the standard Transformer, and the hybrid Convolutional Neural Network–Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-BiLSTM) model. Further analysis demonstrates that the proposed model can effectively detect both burst anomalies and persistent anomalies, while maintaining high stability across different anomaly types. These findings validate the effectiveness of cross-sequence alignment and adaptive discrimination mechanisms in high-frequency interaction network anomaly detection, providing a feasible and generalizable technical pathway for real-time threat identification in complex network environments.