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"Liu, Bin"
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Liangzhu culture : society, belief, and art in Neolithic China
\"Liangzhu culture (5,300-4,300 cal B.P.) represented the peak of prehistoric cultural and social development in the Yangtze Delta. Its centre is located near nowadays Hangzhou city and is considered one of the earliest urban centres in prehistoric China, called by archaeologists the Liangzhu Site Complex. Although it remains a mystery for many in the west, Liangzhu is well known in China for its fine jade crafting industry; its enormous, well-structured earthen compound and recently discovered hydraulic system; and its far-flung impact on contemporary and succeeding cultures. With six chapters contributed by frontline archaeologists, Liangzhu Culture contextualises Liangzhu in broad socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds and provides new, first-hand data to help explain the development and structure of this early urban centre. Among its many insights, the volume reveals how elites used jade as a means of acquiring social power, and how Liangzhu and its centre stand in comparison to other prehistoric urban centres in the world. This book, the first of its kind published in English language, will be a useful guide to students at all levels interested in material cultures and social structures in prehistoric China and beyond\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
BioSeq-Diabolo: Biological sequence similarity analysis using Diabolo
As the key for biological sequence structure and function prediction, disease diagnosis and treatment, biological sequence similarity analysis has attracted more and more attentions. However, the exiting computational methods failed to accurately analyse the biological sequence similarities because of the various data types (DNA, RNA, protein, disease, etc) and their low sequence similarities (remote homology). Therefore, new concepts and techniques are desired to solve this challenging problem. Biological sequences (DNA, RNA and protein sequences) can be considered as the sentences of “the book of life”, and their similarities can be considered as the biological language semantics (BLS). In this study, we are seeking the semantics analysis techniques derived from the natural language processing (NLP) to comprehensively and accurately analyse the biological sequence similarities. 27 semantics analysis methods derived from NLP were introduced to analyse biological sequence similarities, bringing new concepts and techniques to biological sequence similarity analysis. Experimental results show that these semantics analysis methods are able to facilitate the development of protein remote homology detection, circRNA-disease associations identification and protein function annotation, achieving better performance than the other state-of-the-art predictors in the related fields. Based on these semantics analysis methods, a platform called BioSeq-Diabolo has been constructed, which is named after a popular traditional sport in China. The users only need to input the embeddings of the biological sequence data. BioSeq-Diabolo will intelligently identify the task, and then accurately analyse the biological sequence similarities based on biological language semantics. BioSeq-Diabolo will integrate different biological sequence similarities in a supervised manner by using Learning to Rank (LTR), and the performance of the constructed methods will be evaluated and analysed so as to recommend the best methods for the users. The web server and stand-alone package of BioSeq-Diabolo can be accessed at http://bliulab.net/BioSeq-Diabolo/server/ .
Journal Article
Eriobotrya Belongs to Rhaphiolepis (Maleae, Rosaceae): Evidence From Chloroplast Genome and Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Data
The
(ER) clade consists of about 46 species distributed in East and Southeast Asia. Although
and
have been supported to form a clade, the monophyly of
and
at the genus level has never been well tested and their phylogenetic positions in Maleae still remain uncertain. This study aims to reconstruct a robust phylogeny of the ER clade in the framework of Maleae with a broad taxon sampling and clarify the phylogenetic relationship between
and
. This study employed sequences of the whole plastome (WP) and entire nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) repeats assembled from the genome skimming approach and included 83 samples representing 76 species in 32 genera of Rosaceae, especially Maleae. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Analysis (BI) based on three datasets, i.e., WP, coding sequences of plastome (CDS), and nrDNA, strongly supported the paraphyly of
, within which
was nested. Our plastid tree supported the sister relationship between the ER clade and
, and the nrDNA tree, however, did not resolve the phylogenetic placement of the ER clade in Maleae. Strong incongruence between the plastid and the nuclear trees is most likely explained by hybridization events, which may have played an important role in the evolutionary history of the ER clade. Molecular, morphological, and geographic evidence all supports the merge of
with
, which has the nomenclatural priority. We herein transferred 36 taxa of
to
. We also proposed a new name,
B.B.Liu & J.Wen, for the economically important loquat, as the specific epithet \"japonica\" was pre-occupied in
.
Journal Article
Enhancing the performance of pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent luminophores
Once considered the exclusive property of metal complexes, the phenomenon of room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) has been increasingly realized in pure organic luminophores recently. Using precise molecular design and synthetic approaches to modulate their weak spin–orbit coupling, highly active triplet excitons, and ultrafast deactivation, organic luminophores can be endowed with long-lived and bright RTP characteristics. This has sparked intense explorations into organic luminophores with enhanced RTP features for different applications. This Review discusses the fundamental mechanism of RTP in pure organic luminophores, followed by design principles, enhancement strategies, and formulation methods to achieve highly phosphorescent and long-lived organic RTP luminophores even in aqueous media. The current challenges and future directions of this field are also discussed in the summary and outlook.
Pure organic molecules displaying room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are a rapidly emerging class of luminophores. In this Review, the authors discuss the principles for their rational design and development, from the underlying photophysical mechanisms of organic RTP, to enhancement and processing strategies for their practical application.
Journal Article
Visible-light-driven CO2 photoreduction over atomically strained indium sites in ambient air
Strain engineering offers an attractive strategy for improving intrinsic catalytic performance of a heterogeneous catalyst. Herein, we successfully create strain into layered indium sulfide (In
2
S
3
) at atomic scale via introducing oxygen coordination and sulfur vacancy using a wet-chemistry method. The atomically strained In
2
S
3
exhibits greatly enhanced CO
2
photoreduction performance, achieving a CO
2
to CO conversion rate of 5.16 μmol g
catalyst
−1
h
−1
under visible light illumination in ambient air. In-situ spectroscopic measurements together with theoretical calculations indicate that the atomically strained In
2
S
3
features lattice disordered defects on surface, which provides rich uncoordinated catalytic sites and induces structural distortion, resulting in modified band structure that promotes CO
2
adsorption/activation and boosts photogenerated charge carriers’ separation during CO
2
photoreduction. This work provides a new approach for the rational design of atomically strained photocatalysts for CO
2
reduction in ambient air.
Achieving visible-light-driven CO
2
photoreduction in ambient air is significant yet challenging. Here, the authors introduce strain into layered In
2
S
3
at atomic scale for promoted CO
2
activation and boosted photogenerated charge carrier separation in atmospheric CO
2
photoreduction.
Journal Article
Synthesis of Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Combined With Network Analyses Supports the Polyploid Origin of the Apple Tribe and the Hybrid Origin of the Maleae—Gillenieae Clade
Plant biologists have debated the evolutionary origin of the apple tribe (Maleae; Rosaceae) for over a century. The “wide-hybridization hypothesis” posits that the pome-bearing members of Maleae (base chromosome number x = 17) resulted from a hybridization and/or allopolyploid event between progenitors of other tribes in the subfamily Amygdaloideae with x = 8 and x = 9, respectively. An alternative “spiraeoid hypothesis” proposed that the x = 17 of Maleae arose via the genome doubling of x = 9 ancestors to x = 18, and subsequent aneuploidy resulting in x = 17. We use publicly available genomic data—448 nuclear genes and complete plastomes—from 27 species representing all major tribes within the Amygdaloideae to investigate evolutionary relationships within the subfamily containing the apple tribe. Specifically, we use network analyses and multi-labeled trees to test the competing wide-hybridization and spiraeoid hypotheses. Hybridization occurred between an ancestor of the tribe Spiraeeae ( x = 9) and an ancestor of the clade Sorbarieae ( x = 9) + Exochordeae ( x = 8) + Kerrieae ( x = 9), giving rise to the clade Gillenieae ( x = 9) + Maleae ( x = 17). The ancestor of the Maleae + Gillenieae arose via hybridization between distantly related tribes in the Amygdaloideae (i.e., supporting the wide hybridization hypothesis). However, some evidence supports an aspect of the spiraeoid hypothesis—the ancestors involved in the hybridization event were likely both x = 9, so genome doubling was followed by aneuploidy to result in x = 17 observed in Maleae. By synthesizing existing genomic data with novel analyses, we resolve the nearly century-old mystery regarding the origin of the apple tribe. Our results also indicate that nuclear gene tree-species tree conflict and/or cytonuclear conflict are pervasive at several other nodes in subfamily Amygdaloideae of Rosaceae.
Journal Article
A new Majorana platform in an Fe-As bilayer superconductor
Iron-chalcogenide superconductors have emerged as a promising Majorana platform for topological quantum computation. By combining topological band and superconductivity in a single material, they provide significant advantage to realize isolated Majorana zero modes. However, iron-chalcogenide superconductors, especially Fe(Te,Se), suffer from strong inhomogeneity which may hamper their practical application. In addition, some iron-pnictide superconductors have been demonstrated to have topological surface states, yet no Majorana zero mode has been observed inside their vortices, raising a question of universality about this new Majorana platform. In this work, through angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurement, we identify Dirac surface states and Majorana zero modes, respectively, for the first time in an iron-pnictide superconductor, CaKFe
4
As
4
. More strikingly, the multiple vortex bound states with integer-quantization sequences can be accurately reproduced by our model calculation, firmly establishing Majorana nature of the zero mode.
Iron-pnictide superconductors share similar topological band structure with iron-chalcogenide superconductors, but no Majorana modes have been observed in the former. Here, the authors observe both the superconducting Dirac surface states and Majorana zero modes inside its vortex cores in CaKFe
4
As
4
.
Journal Article
Competitive analysis for online choice of foreign production strategy
Motivated by a sequential choice of foreign production strategies (CFPSs) in an actual decision for entering the lesser-known foreign markets, this article proposes two online models to analyze an optimal online strategy where the objective is to minimize the cost to supply the total demand of the foreign market. A basic online model for the CFPS problem with exporting (EXP) and wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) is developed to show how the transport/tariff cost and the entry/exit cost affect the switching timing and the competitive ratio of the online strategy. We investigate the online model where the firm can choose the joint ventures (JVs) besides EXP and WOS. Our results show that online strategies may not necessarily transition from EXP to JV mode. The decision-makers need to determine whether to transition from EXP to JV mode based on the cost characteristics among the three modes of EXP, JV, and WOS.
Journal Article