Explore the vast range of titles available.

This paper explores the difficulties of building a service-oriented government by taking the evaluation results of public service satisfaction of Guizhou province in 2019 as an example. This paper finds that building a service-oriented government is the process of improving the quality of public service in an all-round way. With the steady improvement of the public service quality in China, the public’s expectation of the public service quality has been improved by changing from the original “yes or no” to the current “good or not”. In order to speed up the construction of service-oriented government, government departments should pay attention to the change of public demand and take the comfort, richness and transparency of public service as the key points of quality improvement.

Supported noble metal nanoclusters and single-metal-site catalysts are inclined to aggregate into particles, driven by the high surface-to-volume ratio. Herein, we report a general method to atomically disperse noble metal nanoparticles. The activated carbon supported nanoparticles of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir and Pt metals with loading up to 5 wt. % are completely dispersed by reacting with CH 3 I and CO mixture. The dispersive process of the Rh nanoparticle is investigated in depth as an example. The in-situ detected I• radicals and CO molecules are identified to promote the breakage of Rh-Rh bonds and the formation of mononuclear complexes. The isolated Rh mononuclear complexes are immobilized by the oxygen-containing functional groups based on the effective atomic number rule. The method also provides a general strategy for the development of single-metal-site catalysts for other applications. Supported noble metal nanoclusters and single-metal-sites catalysts are inclined to aggregate into particles. Here, the authors report a general method with CO and CH 3 I to disperse the metal nanoparticles of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir and Pt completely into single atoms with loading up to 5 wt%.

This paper explores the level of high-quality economic development in the Tibet Autonomous Region in 2019 by using the quantitative method and taking the public satisfaction of government quality work as the path. The article holds that the Tibet Autonomous Region's economy is developing at a high speed, but the level of high-quality economic development is still at a relatively satisfactory level and there is still much room for improvement. Generally speaking, the level of environmental quality satisfaction is higher, followed by the level of service quality, engineering quality and product quality satisfaction, and the level of quality consciousness satisfaction is lower. In addition to the structural factors such as backward production capacity, the micro-factors such as product qualification rate and engineering safety have a great influence on the high-quality development of Tibet.

Criegee intermediates are pivotal in atmospheric chemistry, yet their cationic forms remain poorly understood. This study presents the infrared spectra of cationic Criegee intermediates, specifically syn - and anti -CH 3 CHOO + , using vacuum ultraviolet photoionization coupled with IR photon dissociation spectroscopy. Combined with quantum chemistry calculations, we explore conformer-specific infrared spectra and identify distinct unimolecular reaction pathways for each conformer. Our method reveals structural differences between neutral and cationic CH 3 CHOO, including a lower isomerization barrier in the cationic form. This approach enables the investigation of conformer-specific IR spectroscopy for cationic species, which is challenging using direct IR absorption methods. By exploiting these distinct reaction pathways, we can conduct conformer-specific spectroscopic studies, advancing our ability to trace specific molecular conformations in complex chemical processes in both atmospheric and interstellar contexts. Criegee intermediates are pivotal in atmospheric chemistry, yet their cationic forms remain poorly understood. Here, the authors present infrared spectra of cationic Criegee intermediates, specifically syn - and anti -CH 3 CHOO + , using vacuum ultraviolet photoionization coupled with IR photon dissociation spectroscopy.

Background  Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an independent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exendin-4 (Ex-4), a widely used glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist drug in the treatment of T2D, has been demonstrated the therapeutic effects on diabetic encephalopathy (DE). Especially, the Ex-4 ameliorates the tau hyperphosphorylation and cognitive impairment in DE. And these crucial alterations are also important bridge between T2D and AD. However, its unique mechanism is unclear. Methods  The db/db mice, high-fat-diet (HFD) / streptozotocin (STZ)—induced diabetic (HF-diabetic) mice, and high-glucose-damaged (HGD) HT-22 hippocampal cells were enrolled to examine the effects of Ex-4 on AD-like changes in T2D. The Novel object recognition test (NORT) and Morris water maze test (MWMT) were conducted to evaluate the cognitive impairment. The Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) was employed to weaken the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to explore the mechanism of Ex-4 in protecting the brain functions. The JASPAR was based to predict the interaction between NeuroD1 and the promoter region of Ins2 . Moreover, the chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) and luciferase reporter assays were performed. Results  Ex-4 alleviated the tau hyperphosphorylation, increased the brain-derived insulin, and improved the PI3K/AKT/GSK3-β signalling in db/db mice, HF-diabetic mice, and HGD HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells. The NORT and MWMT indicated that Ex-4 alleviated the learning and memory deficits in HF-diabetic mice. The inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway significantly blocked the protective effects of Ex-4. Regarding further molecular mechanisms, NeuroD1 was affected by Ex-4 in vivo and in vitro, and the knockdown or overexpression of NeuroD1 suggested its crucial role in promoting the brain insulin by Ex-4. Meanwhile, the ChIP‒qPCR and luciferase reporter assays confirmed the combination between NeuroD1 and the promoter region of the insulin-encoding gene  Ins2 . And this interaction could be promoted by Ex-4. Conclusions Our study proposes that Ex-4 alleviates tau hyperphosphorylation and cognitive dysfunction by increasing  Ins2 -derived brain insulin through the Wnt/β-catenin/NeuroD1 signaling in T2D. And its also show new lights on part of the progress and mechanism on treatment targets for the DE in T2D.

Whether for improving health or keeping in shape, consumers are beginning to pay attention to calorie intake. However, although a growing number of studies have focused on the impact of food attributes on consumers, the sensory correspondence between food shape and calorie estimation is an underresearched topic. This review, therefore, reports on three studies investigating the effect of food shape on calorie content estimation, whereby participants perceived food in a square shape to have a higher calorie content than food in a circular shape. Perceived food weight plays a mediating role in the relationship between food shape and calorie estimation. Moreover, the more mindful participants were about calorie intake, the weaker the mediation effect of perceived weight. Conversely, the mediation effect of perceived weight was stronger for people who did not care about their calorie intake. These findings break novel ground by presenting food shape as a relevant factor for calorie content estimation. It not only pays attention to the information brought by the visual sense of food, but also complements the relevant literature in the field of food marketing, and has implications for marketing management.

The direct conversion of low alkane such as ethane into high-value-added chemicals has remained a great challenge since the development of natural gas utilization. Herein, we achieve an efficient one-step conversion of ethane to C 2 oxygenates on a Rh 1 /AC-SNI catalyst under a mild condition, which delivers a turnover frequency as high as 158.5 h −1 . 18 O isotope-GC–MS shows that the formation of ethanol and acetaldehyde follows two distinct pathways, where oxygen and water directly participate in the formation of ethanol and acetaldehyde, respectively. In situ formed intermediate species of oxygen radicals, hydroxyl radicals, vinyl groups, and ethyl groups are captured by laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometer. Density functional theory calculation shows that the activation barrier of the rate-determining step for acetaldehyde formation is much lower than that of ethanol, leading to the higher selectivity of acetaldehyde in all the products. The direct conversion of low alkane-like ethane into high-value chemicals has posed a significant challenge. Herein, the authors successfully accomplish a one-step conversion of ethane to C2 oxygenates using a Rh single-atom catalyst under mild conditions.

Background The oral status of an individual is a vital aspect of their overall health. However, older adults in nursing homes have a higher prevalence of frailty and poor oral health, particularly in the context of global aging. The objective of this study is to explore the association between oral status and frailty among older adults residing in nursing homes. Methods The study involved 1280 individuals aged 60 and above from nursing homes in Hunan province, China. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL scale) was used to evaluate physical frailty, while the Oral Health Assessment Tool was used to assess oral status. The frequency of tooth brushing was classified as never, once a day, and twice or more a day. The traditional multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between oral status and frailty. Adjusted odds ratios ( OR ) and 95% confidence intervals ( CI ) were estimated while controlling for other confounding factors. Results The study found that the prevalence of frailty among older adults living in nursing homes was 53.6%, while the prevalence of pre-frailty was 36.3%. After controlling for all potential confounding factors, mouth changes requiring monitoring ( OR  = 2.10, 95% CI  = 1.34–3.31, P  = 0.001) and unhealthy mouth ( OR  = 2.55, 95% CI  = 1.61–4.06, P  < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased odds of frailty among older adults in nursing homes. Similarly, both mouth changes requiring monitoring ( OR  = 1.91, 95% CI  = 1.20–3.06, P  = 0.007) and unhealthy mouth ( OR  = 2.24, 95% CI  = 1.39–3.63, P  = 0.001) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of pre-frailty. Moreover, brushing teeth twice or more times a day was found to be significantly associated with a lower prevalence of both pre-frailty ( OR  = 0.55, 95% CI  = 0.34–0.88, P  = 0.013) and frailty ( OR  = 0.50, 95% CI  = 0.32–0.78, P  = 0.002). Conversely, never brushing teeth was significantly associated with higher odds of pre-frailty ( OR  = 1.82, 95% CI  = 1.09–3.05, P  = 0.022) and frailty ( OR  = 1.74, 95% CI  = 1.06–2.88, P  = 0.030). Conclusions Mouth changes that require monitoring and unhealthy mouth increase the likelihood of frailty among older adults in nursing homes. On the other hand, those who brush their teeth frequently have a lower prevalence of frailty. However, further research is needed to determine whether improving the oral status of older adults can change their level of frailty.

In this study, we described a male who presented with delayed-onset adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) and mild hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG) without a relevant family history. A novel mutation in the DAX1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal, congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome, gene 1) gene was shown to cause X-linked AHC and HHG. Genetic analysis revealed a novel nonsense mutation, c.154G > T (p.Glu52Term), in the DAX1 gene. Molecular testing demonstrated that the milder phenotype caused by this mutation was due to expression of a partially functional, amino-truncated DAX1 protein generated from an alternate in-frame translation start site (methionine at codon 83). This unusual case revealed a potential mechanism for a novel mutation that resulted in an unusual delayed-onset mild clinical phenotype. It expands the spectrum of adrenal hypoplasia congenita and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

The volatile compounds in strawberries play a significant role in the formation of strawberry aroma. However, these compounds undergo continual changes during storage, resulting in a decline in quality. In this study, a total of 67 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified in strawberries through quantitative analysis. At the end of the storage period, the VOC content in the ultrasonic group was 119.02 µg/kg higher than that in the control group. The results demonstrated that the ultrasonic treatment increased the contents of terpenes and esters at the end of storage. Among these, linalool increased from 67.09 to 91.41 µg/kg, while ethyl cinnamate increased from 92.22 to 106.79 µg/kg. Additionally, the expression of the key metabolic genes closely related to these substances was significantly up-regulated. The expression of the FaNES gene, related to terpene metabolism, was up-regulated by 2.8 times in the second day, while the expression of the FaAAT gene, related to ester metabolism, was up-regulated by 1.5 times. In summary, this study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the mechanism of ultrasonic effect on strawberry flavor and quality after harvest.