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This paper estimates the relationship between personality traits measured by the “Big Five Model” and occupational status with a nationally representative household survey from China. I find that four of the five personality traits except extraversion are significantly associated with occupational status in terms of occupational choices, occupational prestige, and socioeconomic status. In particular, conscientiousness is the most important predictor among the five dimensions of personality traits. The findings also suggest that the returns of personality traits to occupational status are higher for females.

Natural hazard named entity recognition is a technique used to recognize natural hazard entities from a large number of texts. The method of natural hazard named entity recognition can facilitate acquisition of natural hazards information and provide reference for natural hazard mitigation. The method of named entity recognition has many challenges, such as fast change, multiple types and various forms of named entities. This can introduce difficulties in research of natural hazard named entity recognition. To address the above problem, this paper constructed a natural disaster annotated corpus for training and evaluation model, and selected and compared several deep learning methods based on word vector features. A deep learning method for natural hazard named entity recognition can automatically mine text features and reduce the dependence on manual rules. This paper compares and analyzes the deep learning models from three aspects: pretraining, feature extraction and decoding. A natural hazard named entity recognition method based on deep learning is proposed, namely XLNet-BiLSTM-CRF model. Finally, the research hotspots of natural hazards papers in the past 10 years were obtained through this model. After training, the precision of the XLNet-BilSTM-CRF model is 92.80%, the recall rate is 91.74%, and the F1-score is 92.27%. The results show that this method, which is superior to other methods, can effectively recognize natural hazard named entities.

Chronic constipation is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder accompanied with intestinal dysbiosis. However, causal relationship between dysbiosis and constipation remains poorly understood. Serotonin transporter (SERT) is a transmembrane transport protein which re-uptakes excessive 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from effective location to terminate its physiological effects and involves in regulating gastrointestinal motility. In this study, fecal microbiota from patients with constipation and healthy controls were transplanted into the antibiotic depletion mice model. The mice which received fecal microbiota from patients with constipation presented a reducing in intestinal peristalsis and abnormal defecation parameters including the frequency of pellet expulsion, fecal weight and fecal water content. After fecal microbiota transplantation, the SERT expression in the colonic tissue was significantly upregulated, and the content of 5-HT was decreased which negatively correlated with the gastrointestinal transit time. Moverover, fecal microbiota from the mice which received fecal microbiota from patients with constipation also upregulated SERT in Caco-2 cells. Besides, this process accompanied with the decreased abundance of Clostridium , Lactobacillus , Desulfovibrio , and Methylobacterium and an increased tend of Bacteroides and Akkermansia , which also involved in the impairment of intestinal barrier after FMT. Taken together, intestinal dysbiosis may upregulate the SERT expression and contribute to the development of chronic constipation.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic mycotoxin that causes severe suppression of the immune system of humans and animals, as well as enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, causing oxidative damage. However, the mechanisms underlying the ROS formation and immunotoxicity of AFB1 are poorly understood. This study used the mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cell line and whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology to address this knowledge-gap. The results show that AFB1 induced the decrease of cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. AFB1 also significantly increased intracellular productions of ROS and malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione levels. These changes correlated with increased mRNA expression of NOS2, TNF-α and CXCL2 and decreased expression of CD86. In total, 783 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via RNA-Seq technology. KEGG analysis of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway revealed that mRNA levels of ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5, ND6, Cyt b, COX2, ATPeF0A and ATPeF08 were higher in AFB1-treated cells than control cells, whereas 14 DEGs were downregulated in the AFB1 group. Furthermore, seven immune regulatory pathways mediated by oxidative stress were identified by KEGG analysis. Altogether, these data suggest that AFB1 induces oxidative stress in macrophages via affecting the respiratory chain, which leads to the activation of several signaling pathways related to the inflammatory response.

Background Observational studies have found that immune cells and circulating inflammatory proteins play a dual role in the progression of osteoarthritis, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the causal relationship between immune cells and Knee OA is mediated by circulating inflammatory proteins. Method A two-sample Mendelian Randomization analysis was conducted involving 731 immune cells, 91 inflammatory proteins and OA, utilising summary-level data from genome-wide association studies. The causal relationships between immune cells, inflammatory proteins and OA were sequentially analysed by multivariate Mendelian Randomization and validated using Bayesian weighted Mendelian Randomization. Subsequently, sensitivity analyses were conducted, employing Cochran’s Q test to assess heterogeneity, MR-Egger tests to assess pleiotropy, and Steiger directionality tests to rule out reverse causality. Lastly, a two-step approach was employed to ascertain the proportion of inflammatory proteins that mediate immune cell-mediated effects in OA. Result By integrating the inverse variance weighting method with the Bayesian weighting algorithm and conducting sensitivity analyses to exclude unstable factors, we identified 33 immune cell types with significant causal associations with OA (16 with a positive causal effect and 17 with a negative causal effect), as well as six inflammatory proteins (three promoting OA and three protective against OA). Further two-step analysis revealed that these six inflammatory proteins mediated the effects of nine immune cell phenotypes on OA. Among them, TRAIL exhibited the highest mediation proportion (10.99%) in the pro-OA effect of CD25 + IgD + CD24 + B cells and mediated 7.13% of the protective effect of CD16 − CD56 + NKT cells against OA. Conclude This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the causal relationships between immune cells and Knee OA, and estimates the mediating role of circulating inflammatory proteins. These findings contribute to identifying high-risk populations for OA and offer new insights for early prevention and clinical intervention. Highlights Mendelian Randomization and Bayesian weighted analysis explore the causal relationships between inflammatory proteins, immune cells, and OA. Mediation analysis explores the role of circulating inflammatory proteins in mediating the effects of immune cells on OA. Provides evidence for early prevention and intervention in OA.

Background Medicago sativa is the most important forage world widely, and is characterized by high quality and large biomass. While abiotic factors such as salt stress can negatively impact the growth and productivity of alfalfa. Maintaining Na + /K + homeostasis in the cytoplasm helps reduce cell damage and nutritional deprivation, which increases a salt-tolerance of plant. Teosinte Branched1/ Cycloidea/ Proliferating cell factors (TCP) family genes, a group of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs), involved in regulating plant growth and development and abiotic stresses. Recent studies have shown TCPs control the Na + /K + concentration of plants during salt stress. In order to improve alfalfa salt tolerance, it is important to identify alfalfa TCP genes and investigate if and how they regulate alfalfa Na + /K + homeostasis. Results Seventy-one MsTCP s including 23 non-redundant TCP genes were identified in the database of alfalfa genome (C.V XinJiangDaYe), they were classified into class I PCF (37 members) and class II: CIN (28 members) and CYC/TB1 (9 members). Their distribution on chromosome were unequally. MsTCP s belonging to PCF were expressed specifically in different organs without regularity, which belonging to CIN class were mainly expressed in mature leaves. MsTCP s belongs to CYC/TB1 clade had the highest expression level at meristem. Cis-elements in the promoter of MsTCP s were also predicted, the results indicated that most of the MsTCP s will be induced by phytohormone and stress treatments, especially by ABA-related stimulus including salinity stress. We found 20 out of 23 MsTCP s were up-regulated in 200 mM NaCl treatment, and MsTCP3/14/15/18 were significantly induced by 10 μM KCl, a K + deficiency treatment. Fourteen non-redundant MsTCPs contained miR319 target site, 11 of them were upregulated in MIM319 transgenic alfalfa, and among them four ( MsTCP3/4/10A/B ) genes were directly degraded by miR319. MIM319 transgene alfalfa plants showed a salt sensitive phenotype, which caused by a lower content of potassium in alfalfa at least partly. The expression of potassium transported related genes showed significantly higher expression in MIM319 plants. Conclusions We systematically analyzes the MsTCP gene family at a genome-wide level and reported that miR319- TCPs model played a function in K + up-taking and/ or transportation especially in salt stress. The study provide valuable information for future study of  TCP  genes in alfalfa and supplies candidate genes for salt-tolerance alfalfa molecular-assisted breeding.

Based on geographic information system (GIS) technology in conjunction with two methods for assessing landslide susceptibility (LS)—namely, a method using experts’ knowledge and experience, and a mathematical/statistical method—the LS of southern Anhui, China is assessed using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) via an AHP-weighted information content method. Landslide-affecting factors are categorized into three main types and 10 subtypes. The values of spatial characteristics of the landslide-affecting factors are obtained using GIS technology. The AHP method is then employed to compare the importance and weights of landslide-affecting factors. The information content method is used to convert the measured values of the landslide-affecting factors in the study area to data reflecting regional stability. The closeness of the relationships between the classification levels of each landslide-affecting factor and landslide occurrence are calculated. The LS of the study area is assessed using the proposed method. The LS assessment shows that high LS, relatively high LS, moderate LS, relatively low LS and low LS regions account for 21.3%, 20.6%, 20.1%, 11.7% and 26.3% of the study area, respectively. Finally, the accuracy of the LS assessment results is analyzed using two methods: the assessment, including an analysis of random landslide sites for the validating models; and the area below a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of area under curve (AUC) value. The results show that the proportion of landslide sites in the regions of each LS level determined using the AHP-weighted information content method increases as the LS level increases, and that the accuracies of the AHP-weighted information content method were 8.1% and 5.7% higher than those of the AHP method and information content method, respectively.

Background Anti-angiogenic therapies demonstrate anti-tumor effects by decreasing blood supply to tumors and inhibiting tumor growth. However, anti-angiogenic therapy may leads to changes in tumor microenvironment and increased invasiveness of tumor cells, which in turn promotes distant metastasis and increased drug resistance. Methods The CO-IP assays, N-STORM and cytoskeleton analysis were used to confirm the mechanism that p-VEGFR2/VE-cadherin/β-catenin/actin complex regulates vascular remodeling and improves the tumor microenvironment. 6-gingerol (6G), the major bioactive component in ginger, stabilized this complex by enhancing the binding of VEGFa to VEGFR2 with non-pathway dependent. Biacore, pull down and molecular docking were employed to confirm the interaction between 6G and VEGFR2 and enhancement of VEGFa binding to VEGFR2. Results Here, we report that microvascular structural entropy (MSE) may be a prognostic factor in several tumor types and have potential as a biomarker in the clinic. 6G regulates the structural organization of the microvascular bed to decrease MSE via the p-VEGFR2/VE-cadherin/β-catenin/actin complex and inhibit tumor progression. 6G promotes the normalization of tumor vessels, improves the tumor microenvironment and decreases MSE, facilitating the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor core and thereby reducing tumor growth and metastasis. Conclusions This study demonstrated the importance of vascular normalization in tumor therapy and elucidated the mechanism of action of ginger, a medicinal compound that has been used in China since ancient times.