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"Liu, Zhanwen"
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Preserving Right Pre-motor and Posterior Prefrontal Cortices Contribute to Maintaining Overall Basic Emotion
Basic emotions such as happiness, sadness, and anger are universal, regardless of the human species, and are governed by specific brain regions. A recent report revealed that mentalizing, which is the ability to estimate other individuals’ emotional states via facial expressions, can be preserved with the help of awake surgery. However, it is still questionable whether we can maintain the ability to understand others’ emotions by preserving the positive mapping sites of intraoperative assessment. Here, we demonstrated the cortical regions related to basic emotions via awake surgery for patients with frontal glioma and investigated the usefulness of functional mapping in preserving basic emotion. Of the 56 consecutive patients with right cerebral hemispheric glioma who underwent awake surgery at our hospital, intraoperative assessment of basic emotion could be successfully performed in 22 patients with frontal glioma and were included in our study. During surgery, positive responses were found in 18 points in 12 patients (54.5%). Of these, 15 points from 11 patients were found at the cortical level, mainly the premotor and posterior part of the prefrontal cortices. Then, we focused on cortical 15 positive mappings with 40 stimulations and investigated the types of emotions that showed errors by every stimulation. There was no specific rule for the region-emotional type, which was beyond our expectations. In the postoperative acute phase, the test score of basic emotion declined in nine patients, and of these, it decreased under the cut-off value ( Z -score ≤ −1.65) in three patients. Although the total score declined significantly just after surgery ( p = 0.022), it recovered within 3 months postoperatively. Our study revealed that through direct electrical stimulation (DES), the premotor and posterior parts of the prefrontal cortices are related to various kinds of basic emotion, but not a single one. When the region with a positive mapping site is preserved during operation, basic emotion function might be maintained although it declines transiently after surgery.
Journal Article
A Deep Learning Based Traffic State Estimation Method for Mixed Traffic Flow Environment
Traffic state estimation plays a fundamental role in traffic control and management. In the connected vehicles (CVs) environment, more traffic-related data perceived and interacted by CVs can be used to estimate traffic state. However, when there is a low penetration rate of CVs, the data collected from CVs would be inadequate. Meanwhile, the representativeness of the collected data is positively correlated with the penetration rate. This article presents a traffic state estimation method based on a deep learning algorithm under a low and dynamic CVs penetration rate environment. Specifically, we design a K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) data filling model integrating acceleration data to solve the problem of insufficient data. This method can fuse the time feature of speed by acceleration modification and mine the distribution features of speed by KNN. In addition, to reduce the estimation error caused by penetration rate, we design a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model, which uses penetration rate estimated by Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) as one of the input factors. Finally, we use the concept of operational efficiency for reference, dividing traffic state into three categories according to the estimated speed: free flow, optimal flow, and congestion. SUMO is used to simulate traffic cases under different penetration rates to evaluate our scheme. The results suggest that our data filling model can significantly improve filling accuracy under a low penetration rate; there is also a better performance of our estimation model than that of other comparison models in both low and dynamic penetration rates.
Journal Article
Metabolites Discovery from Streptomyces xanthus: Exploring the Potential of Desert Microorganisms
The Taklamakan Desert is an extreme environment supporting a unique and diverse microbial community with significant potential for exploration. Strain TRM70308T, isolated from desert soil, shares 98.43% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Streptomyces alkaliterrae OF1T. Polyphasic taxonomy confirmed TRM70308T as a novel species, named Streptomyces xanthus. Genomic analysis revealed that only one of the strain’s 25 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) formed a cluster of gene families (CGFs) within the MIBiG database, emphasizing its genomics uniqueness. LC-MS/MS and Feature-Based Molecular Networking (FBMN) identified 33 metabolites across various categories, including alkaloids, saponins, benzoic acids, and benzofurans, most of which remain uncharacterized. Further chemical investigation led to the isolation of one novel compound, aconicarpyrazine C, and four known compounds: thiolutin, dibutyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and N-acetyltryptamine. Thiolutin exhibited strong activity against five local fungal pathogens that cause plant diseases, with a production yield of 270 mg/L. These results establish a foundation for pilot-scale thiolutin production and its potential development as an antifungal agent for agricultural applications. Our findings highlight deserts as a valuable source of novel actinomycetes and bioactive natural products with immense potential for future research and development.
Journal Article
Tracking Method of GM-APD LiDAR Based on Adaptive Fusion of Intensity Image and Point Cloud
The target is often obstructed by obstacles with the dynamic tracking scene, leading to a loss of target information and a decrease in tracking accuracy or even complete failure. To address these challenges, we leverage the capabilities of Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiode (GM-APD) LiDAR to acquire both intensity images and point cloud data for researching a target tracking method that combines the fusion of intensity images and point cloud data. Building upon Kernelized correlation filtering (KCF), we introduce Fourier descriptors based on intensity images to enhance the representational capacity of target features, thereby achieving precise target tracking using intensity images. Additionally, an adaptive factor is designed based on peak sidelobe ratio and intrinsic shape signature to accurately detect occlusions. Finally, by fusing the tracking results from Kalman filter and KCF with adaptive factors following occlusion detection, we obtain location information for the central point of the target. The proposed method is validated through simulations using the KITTI tracking dataset, yielding an average position error of 0.1182m for the central point of the target. Moreover, our approach achieves an average tracking accuracy that is 21.67% higher than that obtained by Kalman filtering algorithm and 7.94% higher than extended Kalman filtering algorithm on average.
Journal Article
Genome Mining Reveals Rifamycin Biosynthesis in a Taklamakan Desert Actinomycete
Actinomycetes are recognized for producing diverse bioactive natural products, yet most biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) remain inactive under laboratory conditions. Rare actinomycetes from extreme environments represent underexplored reservoirs of metabolic potential. This study investigates Actinomadura sp. TRM71106, a rare actinomycete isolated from the Taklamakan Desert, through integrated genomic and metabolomic approaches. Genome sequencing revealed 45 secondary metabolic BGCs, including BGC38 showing 65% nucleotide similarity to the rifamycin BGC. Gene cluster networking and linear comparisons predicted its capacity to encode novel rifamycin analogs. Targeted activation strategies—overexpression of the pathway-specific regulator LuxR combined with metabolite isolation—mark the first activation of a rifamycin-like BGC in desert actinomycetes. This study highlights the untapped biosynthetic potential of rare actinomycetes in extreme environments and establishes Actinomadura sp. TRM71106 as a novel source for rifamycin production. These results provide a promising avenue for expanding the clinical pipeline of rifamycin-derived antibiotics.
Journal Article
Biohydrogen production from fermentation of cotton stalk hydrolysate by Klebsiella sp. WL1316 newly isolated from wild carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) of the Tarim River basin
A new hydrogen-producing bacterium was isolated from the intestine of wild carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) of the Tarim River Basin. The isolate was identified as Klebsiella sp. based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing and examination of physiological and biochemical characteristics. The isolated strain, Klebsiella sp. WL1316, could effectively produce a high yield of hydrogen by using cotton stalk hydrolysate as substrate. The optimum fermentation conditions for hydrogen production were determined as follows: an initial sugar concentration of 40 g/L, a fermentation temperature of 37 °C and an initial pH value of 8.0. The scaled-up fermentation process was conducted in a 5-L fermenter using these parameters. Higher productivities with maximum daily hydrogen production of 937.0 ± 41.0 mL L−1 day−1, cumulative hydrogen production of 2908.5 ± 47.4 mL L−1, viable cell count of (20.2 ± 0.6) × 108 CFU mL−1 and hydrogen yield of 1.44 ± 0.08 mol mol−1sugarconsumed were obtained. The cumulative hydrogen production was predicted by the modified Gompertz equation with R2 of 0.997, and values of Rm and P were 44.8 mL L−1 h−1 and 3057.6 mL L−1, respectively. These results indicated that the strain Klebsiella sp. WL1316 resulted in a high hydrogen production rate (HPR) and good hydrogen production potential. Moreover, this strain exhibited higher values of maximum hydrogen yield and HPR than the reported pure cultures.
Journal Article
Streptomyces pimonensis sp. nov., isolated from the Taklimakan desert in Xinjiang, China
A novel Streptomyces strain, designated TRM 75549T, was isolated from a sample of sand in Pimo reclamation area, Taklimakan desert, Xinjiang, North–West China. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain TRM75549T within the genus Streptomyces with the highest similarities to Streptomyces pilosus NBRC 12772T (98.7%). Nonetheless, average nucleotide identity (ANI) value and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) value between strain TRM75549T and S. pilosus NBRC 12772T were, respectively, 88.2% and 44.1%, and well below 95–96% and 70% cutoff point recommended for recognizing genomospecies, respectively. A multi-locus sequence analysis of five house-keeping genes (atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB and trpB) and phylogenomic analysis also illustrated that strain TRM75549T should also be assigned to the genus Streptomyces. Strain TRM75549T contained MK-9 (H6) and MK-9 (H8) as predominant menaquinones. The diagnostic diamino acid of cell walls were identified as LL-diaminopimelic acid and meso-diaminopimelic. The whole-cell sugar pattern of strain TRM 75549T consisted of mannose and glucose. The major fatty acids (> 5%) were iso-C14:0, iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:1H, iso-C16:0. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatiylinositol mannosides and unidentified phospholipids. Strain TRM75549T could be differentiated from S. pilosus NBRC 12772T, based on physiological and biochemical characteristics. Thus, strain TRM75549T is representative of a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces pimonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TRM75549T (= CCTCC AA 2020054T = LMG 32221T).
Journal Article
Halomonas jincaotanensis sp. nov., isolated from the Pamir Plateau degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
A Gram-strain-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain TRM 85114T, was isolated from the Jincaotan wetland in the Pamir Plateau of China. This strain grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 6.0 in the presence of 3% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain TRM 85114T was affiliated with the genus Halomonas, and shared high sequence similarity with Halomonas korlensis XK1T (97.3%) and Halomonas tibetensis pyc13T (96.4%). Strain TRM 85114T contained C16:0 and C19:0 cyclo ω8c as primary cellular fatty acids, Q-9 as predominate respiratory quinone, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids of unknown structure containing glucosamine, unidentified aminophospholipids, unidentified lipids and three unidentified phospholipids as the major polar lipids. The complete genome of TRM 85114T comprised 3,902 putative genes with a total of 4,126,476 bp and a G + C content of 61.6%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain TRM 85114T and related type Halomonas strains of H. korlensis XK1T, H. tibetensis pyc13T, Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 6768T, and Halomonas urumqiensis BZ-SZ-XJ27T were 75.4–88.9% and 22.9–39.2%, respectively. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and molecular features, strain TRM 85114T represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name is proposed as Halomonas jincaotanensis sp. nov.. The type strain is TRM 85114T (CCTCC AB 2021006T = LMG 32311T). The amount of 1-naphthylamine degradation by strain TRM 85114T reached up to 32.0 mg/L in 14 days.
Journal Article
Streptomyces carminius sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from Sophora alopecuroides in Xinjiang, China
A novel actinobacterial strain, designated TRM SA0054T, was isolated from the roots of Sophora alopecuroides grown in Alar, Xinjiang, north-west China, and characterised by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain TRM SA0054T has 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.22% with Streptomyces barkulensis RC 1831T. Whole cell hydrolysates of strain TRM SA0054T were found to contain ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and ribose, glucose and xylose as the major whole cell sugars. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C16:0, iso-C16:1 G, anteiso-C17:0, anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, anteiso-C17:1 ω9c. The main menaquinones were determined to be MK-8 (H4), MK-9 (H6) and MK-9 (H8). The polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and an unidentified lipid. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 73.04%. Strain TRM SA0054T has a relatively low DNA–DNA relatedness value with Streptomyces barkulensis RC 1831T as determined by calculating the average nucleotide identity value (ANI = 84.1%). Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, it is concluded that strain TRM SA0054T should be designated as a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces carminius sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain TRM SA0054T (= CCTCC AA 2016041T = KCTC39903T).
Journal Article