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Understanding and predicting the likely response of ecosystems to climate change are crucial challenges for ecology and for conservation biology. Nowhere is this challenge greater than in the tropics as these forests store more than half the total atmospheric carbon stock in their biomass. Biomass is determined by the balance between biomass inputs (i.e., growth) and outputs (mortality). We can expect therefore that conditions that favor high growth rates, such as abundant water supply, warmth, and nutrient-rich soils will tend to correlate with high biomass stocks. Our main objective is to describe the patterns of above ground biomass (AGB) stocks across major tropical forests across climatic gradients in Northwestern South America. We gathered data from 200 plots across the region, at elevations ranging between 0 to 3400 m. We estimated AGB based on allometric equations and values for stem density, basal area, and wood density weighted by basal area at the plot-level. We used two groups of climatic variables, namely mean annual temperature and actual evapotranspiration as surrogates of environmental energy, and annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality, and water availability as surrogates of water availability. We found that AGB is more closely related to water availability variables than to energy variables. In northwest South America, water availability influences carbon stocks principally by determining stand structure, i.e. basal area. When water deficits increase in tropical forests we can expect negative impact on biomass and hence carbon storage.

The Law of Victims and Land Restitution, ratified in June 2011 and enforced since January 2012, constitutes an unprecedented attempt to end armed conflict in Colombia by applying a transitional justice framework and fostering rural development. Drawing on a methodology that integrates framing and rhetorical analysis, this article analyses the role of seven national and local Colombian newspapers in promoting governmental or alternative actors and frames regarding institutional, developmental, and peace and human rights agendas linked to this legislation. In addition, it evaluates the influence of rhetorical framing on media's role and the resulting quality of media coverage. The results show that the media promoted governmental frames regarding institutional and developmental issues, and alternative frames advocated by other actors in relation to peace and human rights issues. In addition, they confirm the key importance of rhetorical framing in shaping that role. This was detrimental to the quality of media coverage geared towards sustainable peace and human development.

Despite some epidemiological evidence on the protective effects of polyphenol intake on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk from case-control studies, the evidence is scarce from prospective studies and non-existent for several polyphenol classes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between the intake of total, classes and subclasses of polyphenols and EOC risk in a large prospective study. The study was conducted in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, which included 309,129 adult women recruited mostly from the general population. Polyphenol intake was assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 1469 first incident EOC cases (including 806 serous, 129 endometrioid, 102 mucinous, and 67 clear cell tumours) were identified. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, the hazard ratio in the highest quartile of total polyphenol intake compared with the lowest quartile (HRQ4vsQ1) was 1.14 (95% CI 0.94–1.39; p-trend = 0.11). Similarly, the intake of most classes and subclasses of polyphenols were not related to either overall EOC risk or any EOC subtype. A borderline statistically significant positive association was observed between phenolic acid intake (HRQ4vsQ1 = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–1.43; p-trend = 0.02) and EOC risk, especially for the serous subtype and in women with obesity, although these associations did not exceed the Bonferroni correction threshold. The current results do not support any association between polyphenol intake and EOC in our large European prospective study. Results regarding phenolic acid intake need further investigation

Los Sistemas de Gestión se han constituido en el referente más utilizado y confiable en las prácticas empresariales para cumplir con las expectativas de los diferentes grupos de interés, proveen confianza y mejoran la aceptación de los clientes. Sin embargo, la implementación de varios sistemas de manera independiente ha abocado a las organizaciones a perder su eficiencia en la gestión de sistemas, situación que ha impulsado el desarrollo de propuestas metodológicas de integración de sistemas. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión de los aspectos que han marcado la evolución de la integración de los sistemas de gestión, profundizando en la comprensión de las dimensiones base de  las metodologías de integración y a partir de estas, presenta un análisis comparativo de los principales metodologías encontradas. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo, utilizando el método de revisión de la literatura. En la etapa de búsqueda de información se identificaron los principales artículos de estado del arte donde se describe la evolución y características del proceso de integración de sistemas de gestión. La segunda etapa consistió en una revisión a profundidad, interpretación y análisis de las principales dimensiones y metodologías de integración identificadas. Los resultados de la investigación permitieron describir el proceso de integración a partir de sus beneficios, motivadores y dificultades; identificar cuatro dimensiones conceptuales del proceso de integración: estratégica, metodológica, nivel de integración e integración de auditorías internas y comparar  los principales referentes de integración: PAS 99, UNE 66177 y  Handbook, ISO 9001, IUMS.

Childhood obesity is a relevant public health problem. The school food environment has been identified as an important factor for promoting healthy eating behaviors. This study assessed the availability of and proximity to unhealthy food stores around schools (n = 22) in the city of Barcelona and its association with neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES). We conducted this cross-sectional study between 2019 and 2020. First, we identified all food retailers (n = 153) within a 400-m buffer around each school and identified those selling unhealthy food products. Then, we used Poison regression models to measure the association between NSES and the healthy food availability index (HFAI), adjusting for population density and distance. A total of 95% of the food establishments studied were classified as unhealthy (n = 146). In all, 90% of schools that had, at least, two unhealthy retailers in their proximity. There were significant differences in the mean distance to unhealthy establishments according to neighborhood SES and population density (p < 0.05). We found a positive association between schools located in higher SES neighborhoods and a higher availability and affordability of healthy food products (IIR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.45–1.91 p = 0.000). We found strong social inequalities in the supply of healthy foods in Barcelona. Local food policy interventions addressing retail food environment around schools should consider socioeconomic inequalities.

El presente artículo recoge una investigación sobre diez experiencias significativas en Colombia de productos comunicativos en radio e Internet realizados por organizaciones de la sociedad civil en pro de la democracia y los derechos humanos. A través de la búsqueda documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas individuales y grupales con algunos de los protagonistas de estos proyectos, el estudio explora sus objetivos, dinámicas, alcances y retos.

The armed conflict in Colombia has caused more than 8,746,541 survivors and psychosocial effects and incidence on mental health in those affected. The advances obtained in the improvement of the psychological well-being of the survivors by the State are not clear; however, the literature shows that the socio-political conditions surrounding the survivors are unfavorable. Therefore, the study evaluated the psychological well-being of the population victim of the armed conflict in seven municipalities of Colombia, benefited by some measure of attention, assistance and reparation of law 1448 of 2011. Therefore, a cross-sectional descriptive study was used and Ryff's psychological well-being scale translated into Spanish; The following results were obtained: the dimensions with the best evaluation were \"purposes in life\" and \"personal growth\"; dimensions with lower ratings are \"positive relationships\" and \"autonomy\". it is concluded that psychological well-being is better perceived in terms of setting goals for oneself and showing improvement, but that autonomy is affected, as well as positive relationships (distrust, building new relationships when one is displaced) due to related issues with the armed conflict. The findings will improve the attention actions.

Multiple oculomotor palsies are a rare condition. They typically present with ptosis, diplopia and preserved pupillary function. We present the case of a 65-year-old woman with a history of diabetes and arterial hypertension, initially presenting with headache and later developing diplopia, progressive left palpebral ptosis and fluctuating pupillary response. She was diagnosed with unilateral paralysis of cranial nerves III and IV. Extension studies were performed and, ultimately, the Neurology Department diagnosed microvascular ischemia due to diabetes. Metabolic and blood pressure therapy was adjusted; two months later, complete recovery was achieved. Multiple oculomotor palsy is a diagnostic challenge in the general medical practice. Fluctuating pupillary response, or anisocoria, may be caused by neoplasms or aneurysms in the posterior communicating artery, with potentially devastating consequences. Therefore, judicious clinical evaluation is crucial for etiological diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

El síndrome de Burnout es una afección que ha tenido impacto en las personas con trabajos de alta demanda física o emocional, personas cuya labor involucra atención al público. Se han realizado estudios relacionados a este síndrome a través del tiempo orientados en áreas específicas. Esta investigación de revisión sistemática en las bases de datos de scopus Y Web of Science considerando en total 58 artículos encontrando, entre otros hallazgos, que las áreas con mayor número de investigaciones relacionadas al desgaste laboral en sus trabajadores se enfocan en las ciencias humanas y sociales, sobre todo en el sector de salud. Esta investigación pretende identificar las tendencias actuales y las áreas que puedan ser de interés investigativo en el sector de servicios y en las cuales aún no se han desarrollado estudios, a  fin servir como referente para nuevas investigaciones asociados a los resultados encontrados.

La Ley 1448 de Víctimas y Restitución de Tierras, vigente desde enero de 2012, es una de las banderas del reelecto presidente colombiano de Juan Manuel Santos para pagar una deuda histórica a las víctimas del conflicto armado. Este artículo identifica los encuadres retóricos en pugna a partir del análisis cualitativo de las estrategias discursivas de los representantes de cinco sectores de la esfera pública (político, gremial, académico, ONG y FARC) en contrapunteo con el Gobierno. El artículo ilustra la contribución de la retórica al estudio de los marcos interpretativos en el caso estudiado, así como la eficacia de los encuadres cuando estos se fundamentan en tropos y figuras retóricas, como la metáfora y la ironía, y cuyos esquemas argumentativos suponen una operación crítica y creativa que contribuye a despejar la verdad.