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Key messageExogenously supplied BR and JA help KS101 and KBS3 genotypes of Brassica rapa to alleviate drought stress by modifying osmolyte concentration, levels of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic system.Oilseed plants are susceptible to drought stress and a significant loss in yield has been reported during recent decades. Thus, it is imperative to understand the various underlying drought response mechanisms in Brassica oilseed plants to formulate the sustainable strategies to protect the crop yield under water-limiting conditions. Phytohormones play a key role in fine-tuning various regulatory mechanisms for drought stress adaptation in plants, and the present study explores the response of several physiological stress markers by exogenous supplementation of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and jasmonic acid (JA) on two genotypes of Brassica rapa, KS101 and KBS3 under drought stress conditions. The exogenous application of BR and JA, separately or in combination, significantly alleviated the drought stress by improving photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and antioxidant defence. We observed that concentration of different osmolytes increased and membrane damage significantly reduced by the application of BR and JA. The overall activity of antioxidant enzymes POD, CAT, GR, APX and CAT elevated during all the treatments, be it stress alone or in combination with BR and JA, compared to the control. However, we observed that the BR was much better in mitigating the drought stress compared to JA. Thus, the present study suggests that BR and JA supplementation improves the performance of B. rapa on exposure to drought stress, which hints at the critical role of BR and JA in improving crop productivity in drought-prone areas.

Here we describe the antimicrobial potential of secondary metabolites, fulvic acid (F.A.) and anhydrofulvic acid (AFA), produced by RDE147, an endophyte of Rosa damascena Mill. The endophyte was identified as Cercospora piaropi by ITS and β-tubulin–based phylogenetic analyses, while chemoprofiling of the endophyte by column chromatography and spectroscopy yielded two pure compounds, F.A. and AFA. The compounds demonstrated different antimicrobial profiles, with AFA suppressing the growth of C. albicans at 7.3 µg ml −1 IC 50 . Further studies revealed that AFA strongly restricted the biofilm production and hyphae formation in C. albicans by down-regulating several biofilm and morphogenesis-related genes. The time-kill assays confirmed the fungicidal activity of AFA against C. albicans , killing 83.6% of the pathogen cells in 24 h at the MIC concentration, and the post-antibiotic effect (PAE) experiments established the suppression of C. albicans growth for extended time periods. The compound acted synergistically with amphotericin B and nystatin and reduced ergosterol biosynthesis by the pathogen, confirmed by ergosterol estimation and comparative expression profiling of selected genes and molecular docking of AFA with C. albicans squalene epoxidase. AFA also suppressed the expression of several other virulence genes of the fungal pathogen. The study determines the anti- C. albicans potential of AFA and its impact on the biology of the pathogen. It also indicates that Cercospora species may yield potential bioactive molecules, especially fulvic acid derivatives. However, it is imperative to conduct in vivo studies to explore this molecule’s therapeutic potential further.

The coupled fractional Fourier transform Fα,β is a two-dimensional fractional Fourier transform depending on two angles α and β, which are coupled in such a way that the transform parameters are γ=(α+β)/2 and δ=(α−β)/2. It generalizes the two-dimensional Fourier transform and serves as a prominent tool in some applications of signal and image processing. In this article, we formulate a new class of uncertainty inequalities for the coupled fractional Fourier transform (CFrFT). Firstly, we establish a sharp Heisenberg-type uncertainty inequality for the CFrFT and then formulate some logarithmic and local-type uncertainty inequalities. In the sequel, we establish several concentration-based uncertainty inequalities, including Nazarov, Amrein–Berthier–Benedicks, and Donoho–Stark’s inequalities. Towards the end, we formulate Hardy’s and Beurling’s inequalities for the CFrFT.

The discrete Fourier transform is considered as one of the most powerful tools in digital signal processing, which enable us to find the spectrum of finite-duration signals. In this article, we introduce the notion of discrete quadratic-phase Fourier transform, which encompasses a wider class of discrete Fourier transforms, including classical discrete Fourier transform, discrete fractional Fourier transform, discrete linear canonical transform, discrete Fresnal transform, and so on. To begin with, we examine the fundamental aspects of the discrete quadratic-phase Fourier transform, including the formulation of Parseval’s and reconstruction formulae. To extend the scope of the present study, we establish weighted and non-weighted convolution and correlation structures associated with the discrete quadratic-phase Fourier transform.

In the article “Special affine multiresolution analysis and the construction of orthonormal wavelets in L²(ℝ)”, [Appl Anal. 2022; D.O.I: 10.1080/00036811.2022.2030723], we introduced the notion of multiresolution analysis (MRA) in the realm of the special affine Fourier transform. In continuation to the study, our aim is to present the construction of special affine biorthogonal wavelets in L²(ℝ). Besides, we provide a complete characterization for the biorthogonality of the translates of the scaling functions of two special affine MRA’s and the associated special affine biorthogonal wavelet families. We show that the wavelets associated with the biorthogonal special affine MRA’s are also biorthogonal in nature. To extend the scope of the present study, we present the biorthogonal special affine MRA and its biorthogonal properties on a logarithmic regression curve 𝒞.

Colchicine binds to tubulin and destabilizes microtubules, stopping cell division and causing apoptosis. Its anti-cancer property affects microtubule integrity despite its reported toxicity. A series of novel colchicine derivatives were synthesized using the multi-component reaction method and evaluated for their antiproliferative properties, aiming to enhance their efficacy as anti-cancer agents compared to the parent compound, colchicine. With the SRB assay, we tested these derivatives for their anti-cancer efficacy against lung, breast, and melanoma using several human cancer cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, MDAMB-231, and A375. The study identified a derivative, 3g , as notably more effective against melanoma cells, with a selectivity index about two times higher than colchicine. We further investigated the anti-cancer efficacy of compound 3g on human melanoma cells using additional in vitro models, including the wound healing assay and colony formation assay. Compound 3g inhibited colony formation by up to 62.5% and reduced the migration potential of melanoma cells by 69%. The in silico studies reveal the probable interactions with the colchicine binding sites that have a comparable pose to colchicine. 3g formed a hydrogen bond with Cys241, Asn258 and a salt bridge with Lys352, which is important for its tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity. These findings suggest that 3g could selectively target melanoma cells, minimizing toxicity to healthy cells and potentially providing a safer and more effective treatment option with improved therapeutic outcomes.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous B-cell malignancy. We studied two MCL cohorts with differing treatment patterns: one enriched for immunochemotherapy, the other for chemotherapy alone. TP53 alterations are consistently associated with poor prognosis, whereas ATM mutations correlate with improved outcomes following rituximab-based chemotherapy. Based on recurrent genetic events, six clusters are identified and refined into three prognostic groups: high-risk ( TP53 mutations and deletions at 17p13.3, 13q14.2, and 19p13.3), intermediate-risk ( ATM and epigenetic regulator mutations, or gains at 8q/17q/15q), and low-risk (lacking TP53 alterations, rare ATM mutations without 11q deletions, gains at 3q, deletions at 6q). Transcriptomic analysis reveals enrichment of proliferation, metabolism-promoting gene signatures in high-risk; angiogenesis and NOTCH signaling in intermediate-risk; and proinflammatory-related (i.e., IFNα, TNFα) in low-risk MCLs. Multi-proteomic spatial profiling using imaging mass cytometry (IMC) demonstrates enrichment of CD4⁺ T cells with high expression of exhaustion markers and a dominant population of myeloid cells skewed toward an M2-like phenotype. Spatially, TP53 -perturbed MCLs are immune-infiltrated yet exhausted, while ATM -perturbed cases remain immune-cold with dense tumors. Functional analysis shows that p53 represses BCR signaling through PTPN6 activation. Collectively, these findings highlight distinct molecular and immune landscapes and reveal therapeutic vulnerabilities in high-risk TP53 -perturbed MCL. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a form of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a high degree of genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Here, using a multi-omics approach, the authors investigate genetic alterations in association with the tumour microenvironment to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities.

This study aims to achieve an efficient time-frequency representation of higher-dimensional signals by introducing the notion of a non-separable linear canonical wavelet transform in L2(Rn). The preliminary analysis encompasses the derivation of fundamental properties of the novel integral transform including the orthogonality relation, inversion formula, and the range theorem. To extend the scope of the study, we formulate several uncertainty inequalities, including the Heisenberg’s, logarithmic, and Nazorav’s inequalities for the proposed transform in the linear canonical domain. The obtained results are reinforced with illustrative examples.

Wavelet transform is a powerful tool for analysing the problems arising in harmonic analysis, signal and image processing, sampling, filtering, and so on. However, they seem to be inadequate for representing those signals whose energy is not well concentrated in the frequency domain. In pursuit of representations of such signals, we propose a novel time-frequency transform coined as quadratic-phase wave packet transform in L2(R). The proposed transform is aimed at rectifying the conventional wavelet transform by employing a quadratic-phase Fourier transform with extra degrees of freedom. Besides the formulation of all the fundamental results, including the orthogonality relation, reconstruction formula and the characterization of range, we also derive a direct relationship between the well-known Wigner-Ville distribution and the proposed transform. In addition, we study the quadratic-phase wave-packet transform in the framework of almost periodic functions. Finally, we extend the scope of the present work by investigating the composition of quadratic-phase wave packet transforms.

The Hilbert transform is a commonly used linear operator that separates the real and imaginary parts of an analytic signal and is employed in various fields, such as filter design, signal processing, and communication theory. However, it falls short in representing signals in generalized domains. To address this limitation, we propose a novel integral transform, coined the quadratic-phase Hilbert transform. The preliminary study encompasses the formulation of all the fundamental properties of the generalized Hilbert transform. Additionally, we examine the relationship between the quadratic-phase Fourier transform and the proposed transform, and delve into the convolution theorem for the quadratic-phase Hilbert transform. The Bedrosian theorem associated with the quadratic-phase Hilbert transform is explored in detail. The validity and accuracy of the obtained results were verified through simulations.