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The process of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) was recently discovered and shown to be mediated by \"Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera\" (M. oxyfera). Here, evidence for n-damo in three different freshwater wetlands located in southeastern China was obtained using stable isotope measurements, quantitative PCR assays, and 16S rRNA and particulate methane monooxygenase gene clone library analyses. Stable isotope experiments confirmed the occurrence of n-damo in the examined wetlands, and the potential n-damo rates ranged from 0.31 to 5.43 nmol CO2 per gram of dry soil per day at different depths of soil cores. A combined analysis of 16S rRNA and particulate methane monooxygenase genes demonstrated that M. oxyfera-like bacteria were mainly present in the deep soil with a maximum abundance of 3.2 × 107 gene copies per gram of dry soil. It is estimated that ∼0.51 g of CH4 m-2 per year could be linked to the n-damo process in the examined wetlands based on the measured potential n-damo rates. This study presents previously unidentified confirmation that the n-damo process is a previously overlooked microbial methane sink in wetlands, and n-damo has the potential to be a globally important methane sink due to increasing nitrogen pollution.

With the increasing occurrence of haze during the summer, the physicochemical characteristics and toxicity differences in PM 2.5 in different seasons are of great concern. Hangzhou is located in an area that has a subtropical monsoon climate where the humidity is very high during both the summer and winter. However, there are limited studies on the seasonal differences in PM 2.5 in these weather conditions. In this test, PM 2.5 samples were collected in the winter and summer, the morphology and chemical composition of PM 2.5 were analyzed, the toxicity of PM 2.5 to human bronchial cells BEAS-2B was compared, and the correlation between PM 2.5 toxicity and the chemical composition was discussed. The results showed that during both the winter and summer, the main compounds in the PM 2.5 samples were water-soluble ions, particularly SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , and NH 4 + , followed by organic components, while heavy metals were present at lower levels. The higher the mass concentration of PM 2.5 , the greater its impact on cell viability and ROS levels. However, when the mass concentration of PM 2.5 was similar, the water extraction from the summer samples showed a greater impact on BEAS-2B than that from the winter samples. The cytotoxicity of PM 2.5 was closely associated with heavy metals and organic pollutants but less related to water-soluble ions.

Background Paddy soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents a major hotspot for soil biogeochemistry, yet we know little about its chemodiversity let alone the microbial community that shapes it. Here, we leveraged ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, amplicon, and metagenomic sequencing to characterize the molecular distribution of DOM and the taxonomic and functional microbial diversity in paddy soils across China. We hypothesized that variances in microbial community significantly associate with changes in soil DOM molecular composition. Results We report that both microbial and DOM profiles revealed geographic patterns that were associated with variation in mean monthly precipitation, mean annual temperature, and pH. DOM molecular diversity was significantly correlated with microbial taxonomic diversity. An increase in DOM molecules categorized as peptides, carbohydrates, and unsaturated aliphatics, and a decrease in those belonging to polyphenolics and polycyclic aromatics, significantly correlated with proportional changes in some of the microbial taxa, such as Syntrophobacterales , Thermoleophilia , Geobacter , Spirochaeta , Gaiella , and Defluviicoccus . DOM composition was also associated with the relative abundances of the microbial metabolic pathways, such as anaerobic carbon fixation, glycolysis, lignolysis, fermentation, and methanogenesis. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the continental-scale distribution of DOM is significantly correlated with the taxonomic profile and metabolic potential of the rice paddy microbiome. Abiotic factors that have a distinct effect on community structure can also influence the chemodiversity of DOM and vice versa. Deciphering these associations and the underlying mechanisms can precipitate understanding of the complex ecology of paddy soils, as well as help assess the effects of human activities on biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soils.

With the deepening of green and sustainable development and the rapid development of the social economy, the modern logistics industry has also developed to an unprecedented level. In the logistics supply chain, due to the high value of the items inside the arrival carton, appearance inspection must be carried out before warehousing. However, manual inspection is slow and ineffective, resulting in the waste of manpower and packaging carton resources, which is not conducive to sustainable development. To address the above problems, this paper designs a logistics supply chain carton packaging quality defect detection system based on improved Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) in the context of green sustainable development. The Implicit Feature Pyramid Network (IFPN) is introduced into SSD to improve the feature extraction ability of the model; the multiscale attention mechanism is introduced to collect more feature information. The experiment shows that the mAP and FPS of the system on the self-built data set reach 0.9662 and 36 respectively, which can realise the detection of the appearance defects of logistics cartons and help promote green sustainable development.

In the current study, we investigated nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) as a potential methane sink in the Hangzhou Bay and the adjacent Zhoushan sea area. The potential activity of the N-DAMO process was primarily observed in Hangzhou Bay by means of 13 C-labeling experiments, whereas very low or no potential N-DAMO activity could be detected in the Zhoushan sea area. The measured potential N-DAMO rates ranged from 0.2 to 1.3 nmol 13 CO 2  g −1 (dry sediment) day −1 , and the N-DAMO potentially contributed 2.0–9.4 % to the total microbial methane oxidation in the examined sediments. This indicated that the N-DAMO process may be an alternative pathway in the coastal methane cycle. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera -like bacteria in all the examined sediments, while the group A members (the dominant bacteria responsible for N-DAMO) were found mainly in Hangzhou Bay. Quantitative PCR showed that the 16S rRNA gene abundance of Candidatus M. oxyfera -like bacteria varied from 5.4 × 10 6 to 5.0 × 10 7 copies g −1 (dry sediment), with a higher abundance observed in Hangzhou Bay. In addition, the overlying water NO 3 − concentration and salinity were identified as the most important factors influencing the abundance and potential activity of Candidatus M. oxyfera -like bacteria in the examined sediments. This study showed the evidence of N-DAMO in coastal environments and indicated the importance of N-DAMO as a potential methane sink in coastal environments.

Applying nano-delivery systems for phytohormones via foliar application has proven effective in reducing grain cadmium (Cd) levels in crops. However, the mechanisms underlying this reduction remain inadequately understood. This study integrated the determination of leaf photosynthetic parameters, Cd translocation analysis, and metabolomics to elucidate the effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) and melatonin (MT), delivered with or without chitosan-encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-CS), on grain Cd levels in rice. Our findings revealed that the foliar application of MT@MSN-CS significantly outperformed MT alone in reducing grain Cd levels and enhancing leaf photosynthesis under Cd stress. Conversely, GSH@MSN-CS showed comparable effects to GSH alone. Foliar-applied GSH@MSN-CS and MT@MSN-CS both decreased the Cd transport coefficients from panicle nodes to brown rice by 26.2–53.3%, with MT@MSN-CS demonstrating superior efficiency in reducing Cd concentrations across roots, stems, leaves, panicle nodes, and grains. Metabolomic analysis revealed substantial shifts in rice metabolite profiles following GSH@MSN-CS and MT@MSN-CS treatments. Foliar application of MT@MSN-CS or GSH@MSN-CS may rapidly and effectively activate the primary antioxidant defense system and alleviate membrane lipid peroxidation in rice grown on low-to-moderately Cd-contaminated soils by upregulating amino acid metabolism. The secondary defense mechanism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, was reprogrammed to reduce energy expenditure and decrease Cd translocation.

National Center of Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China Pei-Yong Xin & Jin-Fang Chu 6. Rights and permissions Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The chemodiversity of paddy soil dissolved organic matter correlates with microbial community at continental scales [RAW_REF_TEXT] Hong-Yi Li1 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Hang Wang2 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Hai-Tao Wang3,4 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Pei-Yong Xin5 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Xin-Hua Xu1 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Yun Ma6 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Wei-Ping Liu1 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Chang-Yun Teng1,7 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Cheng-Liang Jiang1,7 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Li-Ping Lou1 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Wyatt Arnold3,4 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Lauren Cralle3,4 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Yong-Guan Zhu8 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Jin-Fang Chu5 , [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Jack A. Gilbert 3,4 & [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Zhi-Jian Zhang 1,7,9 [/RAW_REF_TEXT] Microbiome volume 8, Article number: 169 (2020) Cite this article [RAW_REF_TEXT] 377 Accesses [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] 2 Altmetric [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] Metrics details [/RAW_REF_TEXT] [RAW_REF_TEXT] The original article was published in Microbiome 2018 6:187 [/RAW_REF_TEXT] Correction to: The chemodiversity of paddy soil dissolved organic matter correlates with microbial community at continental scales [RAW_REF_TEXT] Hong-Yi Li1 , Hang Wang2 , Hai-Tao Wang3,4 , Pei-Yong Xin5 , Xin-Hua Xu1 , Yun Ma6 , Wei-Ping Liu1 , Chang-Yun Teng1,7 , Cheng-Liang Jiang1,7 , Li-Ping Lou1 , Wyatt Arnold3,4 , Lauren Cralle3,4 , Yong-Guan Zhu8 , Jin-Fang Chu5 , Jack A. Gilbert 3,4 & Zhi-Jian Zhang 1,7,9 [/RAW_REF_TEXT] Microbiome volume 8, Article number: 169 (2020) Cite this article [RAW_REF_TEXT] 377 Accesses 2 Altmetric Metrics details The original article was published in Microbiome 2018 6:187

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) process was reported to be mediated by “Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera”, which belongs to the candidate phylum NC10. M. oxyfera-like bacteria have been detected in lake ecosystems, while their distribution, diversity and abundance in river ecosystems have not been well studied. In this study, both the 16S rRNA and the pmoA molecular biomarkers confirmed the presence of diverse NC10 phylum bacteria related to M. oxyfera in a river ecosystem—the Qiantang River, Zhejiang Province (China). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes demonstrated that the recovered M. oxyfera-like sequences could be grouped into several distinct clusters that exhibited 89.8 % to 98.9 % identity to the M. oxyfera 16S rRNA gene. Similarly, several different clusters of pmoA gene sequences were observed, and these clusters displayed 85.1–95.4 % sequence identity to the pmoA gene of M. oxyfera. Quantitative PCR showed that the abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria varied from 1.32 ± 0.16 × 10⁶ to 1.03 ± 0.12 × 10⁷ copies g (dry weight)⁻¹. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the total inorganic nitrogen content, the ammonium content and the organic content of the sediment were important factors affecting the distribution of M. oxyfera-like bacterial groups in the examined sediments. This study demonstrated the distribution of diverse M. oxyfera-like bacteria and their correlation with environmental factors in Qiantang River sediments.

R445.1; 目的 探讨超声造影(CEUS)联合混合现实(MR)技术在腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术中的应用效果.方法 回顾性分析2019年1月-2022年6月在郑州大学附属洛阳中心医院行腹腔镜下解剖性肝切除术的45例原发性肝癌患者,术前均行腹部薄层增强CT扫描,采集数据构建肝脏三维可视化模型.根据术中影像学辅助方法不同将患者分为观察组(n=25,术中采用CEUS联合MR技术为手术提供精准导航)与对照组(n=20,行常规解剖性肝切除术,术中不实施CEUS及MR技术).术后随访至2023年1月,记录并比较两组患者病灶大小、手术时间、选择性入肝血流阻断时间、术中出血量、术中及术后并发症、R0切除率、住院时间、术后肝肾功能[谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肌酐]、生存时间等临床指标.结果 除对照组3例中转开腹外,余42例均于腹腔镜下顺利实施手术.两组病灶大小差异无统计学意义[(5.6±1.1)cm vs.(5.4±1.3)cm,P>0.05].观察组术中选择性入肝血流阻断时间、手术时间明显短于对照组[(27.1±6.8)min vs.(46.9±4.3)min,P<0.001;(135.4±4.3)min vs.(199.3±5.8)min,P<0.001],术中出血量及输血量均明显少于对照组[(102.7±10.1)ml vs.(259.4±16.9)ml,P<0.001;(120.7±9.6)ml vs.(247.4±12.3)ml,P<0.001],术后24 h ALT及AST水平均明显低于对照组[(96.7±23.7)U/L vs.(185.3±38.5)U/L,P<0.001;(91.4±30.9)U/L vs.(198.1±42.6)U/L,P<0.001].观察组发生术后肺部感染1例(1/25,4.0%),非手术治疗后恢复;对照组发生术中大出血导致中转开腹3例(3/20,15.0%),术后肺部感染2例(2/20,10.0%),胃排空功能障碍2例(2/20,10.0%),均非手术治疗后恢复;两组术后均未发生腹腔内出血、胆瘘等其他并发症;观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.021).两组术后24 h肌酐水平、R0切除率、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义[(57.4±18.2)μmol/L vs.(58.1±17.6)μmol/L,P>0.05;100.0%(25/25)vs.90.0%(1

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) is a recently discovered process that is catalysed by “Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera”. In the present study, the vertical distribution (0–10, 20–30, 50–60 and 90–100 cm) of M. oxyfera-like bacteria was investigated in Xiazhuhu wetland, the largest natural wetland on the southern Yangtze River (China). Phylogenetic analyses showed that group A of M. oxyfera-like bacteria and pmoA genes occurred primarily at depths of 50–60 and 90–100 cm. Quantitative PCR further confirmed the presence of M. oxyfera-like bacteria in soil cores from different depths, with the highest abundance of 5.1 × 10⁷copies g⁻¹dry soil at depth of 50–60 cm. Stable isotope experiments demonstrated that the n-damo process occurred primarily at depths of 50–60 and 90–100 cm, with the potential rates ranging from 0.2 to 14.5 nmol CO₂ g⁻¹dry soil d⁻¹. It was estimated that the methane flux may increase by approximately 2.7–4.3 % in the examined wetland in the absence of n-damo. This study shows that the deep wetland soils (50–60 and 90–100 cm) are the preferred habitats for M. oxyfera-like bacteria. The study also highlights the potential importance of these bacteria in the methane and nitrogen cycles in deep wetland soils.