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"Lu, Miaomiao"
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دراسات حول الفضاء العالمي و\الحزام والطريق\ : (مجلد الموانئ البحرية)
ينقسم الكتاب إلى خمسة فصول، يقدم الفصل الأول نظام الموانئ العالمي والعلاقات بين المدن الساحلية والتعاون في مجال الموانئ، ويناقش الفصل الثاني الخدمات اللوجستية البحرية العالمية وتطوير لوجستيات الموانئ الرئيسية، ويتناول الفصل الثالث نظام الموانئ في الصين وخصائصه. الاستجابة العالمية: يحلل الفصل الرابع بشكل رئيسي مؤشر البلطيق، وهو مؤشر تقييم مراكز الشحن الدولية، ويناقش الفصل الخامس نمط الموانئ العالمية وتغيرات النظام وتطور النقل البحري بناءً على منظور عالمي.
BOOK
Paeoniflorin alleviates hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in HK-2 cells by inhibiting apoptosis and repressing oxidative damage via Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality. AKI and ischemia/reperfusion (hypoxia/reoxygenation, H/R) injury can be induced due to several reasons. Paeoniflorin (PF) is a traditional herbal medicine derived from
Paeonia lactiflora
Pall. It exerts diverse therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory properties; thus, it is considered valuable for treating several diseases. However, the effects of PF on H/R injury-induced AKI remain unknown. In this study, we established an in vitro H/R model using COCL
2
and investigated the functions and underlying mechanisms of PF on H/R injury in HK-2 cells. The cell vitality was evaluated using the cell count kit-8 assay. The DCFH-DA fluorescence probe was used to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative damage was detected using superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kits. Apoptotic relative protein and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling were evaluated by Western blotting. Our results indicated that PF increased cell viability and SOD activity and decreased the ROS and MDA levels in HK-2 cells with H/R injury. PF inhibits apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 and decreasing Bax. Furthermore, PF significantly upregulated the expression of HO-1 and Nrf2, but downregulated the expression of HIF-1α and Keap1. PF considerably increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and unregulated the HO-1 expression. The Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) could reverse the abovementioned protective effects of PF, suggesting that Nrf2 can be a critical target of PF. To conclude, we found that PF attenuates H/R injury-induced AKI by decreasing the oxidative damage via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting apoptosis.
Journal Article
Linking carbon footprint methodologies and environmental protection via sustainable product development with a moderating role of regulatory compliance
China, at the forefront of carbon emissions and manufacturing, grapples with substantial challenges in harmonizing economic progress and environmental protection (EP). This study delves into the intricate interplay between carbon footprint methodologies (CFM), sustainable product development (SPD), EP, and the moderating role of regulatory compliance. To fulfill its objectives, the research meticulously analyzes data collected from a sample of 429 employees within the manufacturing sector, employing SmartPLS version 4.1. The results reveal a noteworthy impact of CFM on both SPD and EP. Additionally, SPD demonstrates a positive effect on EP. Furthermore, the study uncovers SPD as a significant mediator in the association between CFM and EP. Finally, regulatory compliance moderates CFM–EP correlation. These findings underscore the critical interconnectedness of CFM, SPD, and regulatory compliance in fostering a more environmentally conscious manufacturing sector in China, offering valuable insights for academia, businesses, and policymakers.
Journal Article
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the pro-inflammatory roles of liver-resident Th1-like cells in primary biliary cholangitis
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized by multilineage immune dysregulation, which subsequently causes inflammation, fibrosis, and even cirrhosis of liver. Due to the limitation of traditional assays, the local hepatic immunopathogenesis of PBC has not been fully characterized. Here, we utilize single-cell RNA sequencing technology to depict the immune cell landscape and decipher the molecular mechanisms of PBC patients. We reveal that cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells are involved in liver inflammation and fibrosis. Moreover, Kupffer cells show increased levels of inflammatory factors and decreased scavenger function related genes, while T cells exhibit enhanced levels of inflammatory factors and reduced cytotoxicity related genes. Interestingly, we identify a liver-resident Th1-like population with JAK-STAT activation in the livers of both PBC patients and murine PBC model. Finally, blocking the JAK-STAT pathway alleviates the liver inflammation and eliminates the liver-resident Th1-like cells in the murine PBC model. In conclusion, our comprehensive single-cell transcriptome profiling expands the understanding of pathological mechanisms of PBC and provides potential targets for the treatment of PBC in patients.
Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic autoimmune disease critically linked to immunological dysregulation but the local immune-pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here the authors present single cell transcriptomic characterisation of primary biliary cholangitis and implicates Th1 like cells in a murine model.
Journal Article
Esophageal anthracosis occurred after treatment of esophageal tuberculosis secondary to mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis: a rare case report
Background
Anthracosis is a disease generally considered to be in the lungs resulting from exposure to industrial dust in the workplace. Esophageal anthracosis is a fairly rare phenomenon and shows a strong correlation with tuberculosis. Moreover, esophageal involvement in tuberculosis is also rare. We here present an extremely rare case in which follow-up gastroesophageal endoscopy revealed a mass with a sunken, black area in the center and raised ring-like pattern in the surrounding mucosa resembling malignant melanoma. Uncovering the patient’s tuberculosis history finally avoided a misdiagnosis or overtreatment.
Case presentation
A 67-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to “repeated chest pain for 1 month”. Endoscopic ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced CT scans revealed a mass adjacent to the esophageal wall with unclear boundaries. Aspiration biopsy confirmed that esophageal tuberculosis was caused by nearby mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis. After a standard anti-tuberculosis treatment regimen, the patient achieved a favorable prognosis. The follow-up gastroesophageal endoscopy showed a sunken black lesion with elevated peripheral mucosa replacing the original tuberculous mass, which was thought to be anthracosis, a disease that rarely occurs in the esophagus.
Conclusion
The diagnosis of tuberculosis should be taken into consideration when a submucosal mass appears in the middle part of the esophagus. Endoscopic ultrasonography can effectively contribute to a definite diagnosis. Moreover, this is the first case of esophageal anthracosis observed only 1 year after the treatment of tuberculosis, indicating esophageal anthracosis can be a short-term disease. The traction of the reduction of tubercular mediastinal lymph nodes after anti-tuberculosis treatment may create a circumstance for pigmentation or dust deposition.
Journal Article
Technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network
Background
The technical and tactical diagnosis of table tennis is extremely important in the preparation for competition which is complicated by an apparent nonlinear relationship between athletes’ performance and their sports quality. The neural network model provides a high nonlinear dynamic processing ability and fitting accuracy that may assist in the diagnosis of table tennis players’ technical and tactical skill. The main purpose of this study was to establish a technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on a neural network to analyze the influence of athletes’ techniques and tactics on the competition results.
Methods
A three-layer Back Propagation (BP) neural network model for table tennis match diagnosis were established. A Double Three-Phase evaluation method produced 30 indices that were closely related to winning table tennis matches. A data sample of 100 table tennis matches was used to establish the diagnostic model (
n
= 70) and evaluate the predictive ability of the model (
n
= 30).
Results
The technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network had a high-level of prediction accuracy (up to 99.997%) and highly efficient in fitting (
R
2
= 0.99). Specifically, the technical and tactical diagnosis results indicated that the scoring rate of the fourth stroke of Harimoto had the greatest influence on the winning probability.
Conclusion
The technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network was highly accurate and efficiently fit. It appears that the use of the model can calculate athletes’ technical and tactical indices and their influence on the probability of winning table tennis matches. This, in turn, can provide a valuable tool for formulating player’s targeted training plans.
Journal Article
Probabilistic Automatic Outlier Detection for Surface Air Quality Measurements from the China National Environmental Monitoring Network
Although quality assurance and quality control procedures are routinely applied in most air quality networks, outliers can still occur due to instrument malfunctions, the influence of harsh environments and the limitation of measuring methods. Such outliers pose challenges for data-powered applications such as data assimilation, statistical analysis of pollution characteristics and ensemble forecasting. Here, a fully automatic outlier detection method was developed based on the probability of residuals, which are the discrepancies between the observed and the estimated concentration values. The estimation can be conducted using filtering—or regressions when appropriate—to discriminate four types of outliers characterized by temporal and spatial inconsistency, instrument-induced low variances, periodic calibration exceptions, and less PM10 than PM
2.5
in concentration observations, respectively. This probabilistic method was applied to detect all four types of outliers in hourly surface measurements of six pollutants (PM
2.5
, PM
10
, SO
2
, NO
2
, CO and O
3
) from 1436 stations of the China National Environmental Monitoring Network during 2014–16. Among the measurements, 0.65%–5.68% are marked as outliers, with PM
10
and CO more prone to outliers. Our method successfully identifies a trend of decreasing outliers from 2014 to 2016, which corresponds to known improvements in the quality assurance and quality control procedures of the China National Environmental Monitoring Network. The outliers can have a significant impact on the annual mean concentrations of PM
2.5
, with differences exceeding 10 μg m
−3
at 66 sites.
Journal Article
Rupture Test: A New Method for Evaluating Maize (Zea mays) Seed Vigour
To explore the application of seed germination biomechanical event(s) in seed vigour tests, a new procedure for the evaluation of maize seed vigour tests based on pericarp–testa rupture (PR) and coleorhiza rupture (CR) during seed germination was developed. Twenty–four lots of hybrid maize were used to determine the feasibility of the rupture test (RT) as a seed vigour test in Zea mays. The results showed that the physiological quality pattern of 24 maize seed lots assessed through RT was similar to that obtained through analysis with other seed test methods. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that the percentage of CR and percentage of PR + CR at “15 ± 0.5 °C for 120 h ± 1 h” and “20 ± 0.5 °C for 72 h ± 15 min” exhibited positive correlations with the field seedling emergence data (p < 0.01). Hence, the proposed method (the rupture test) is cogent and effective, thus providing an important reference for more crops to select for seed germination event(s) and establishing corresponding new methods for seed vigour tests in the future.
Journal Article
Detecting focal cortical dysplasia lesions from FLAIR-negative images based on cortical thickness
Background
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a neuronal migration disorder and is a major cause of drug-resistant epilepsy. However, many focal abnormalities remain undetected during routine visual inspection, and many patients with histologically confirmed FCD have normal fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR-negative) images. The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the changes in cortical thickness with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of patients to identify FCD lesions from FLAIR-negative images.
Methods
We first used the three-dimensional (3D) Laplace method to calculate the cortical thickness for individuals and obtained the cortical thickness mean image and cortical thickness standard deviation (SD) image based on all 32 healthy controls. Then, a cortical thickness extension map was computed by subtracting the cortical thickness mean image from the cortical thickness image of each patient and dividing the result by the cortical thickness SD image. Finally, clusters of voxels larger than three were defined as the FCD lesion area from the cortical thickness extension map.
Results
The results showed that three of the four lesions that occurred in non-temporal areas were detected in three patients, but the detection failed in three patients with lesions that occurred in the temporal area. The quantitative analysis of the detected lesions in voxel-wise on images revealed the following: specificity (99.78%), accuracy (99.76%), recall (67.45%), precision (20.42%), Dice coefficient (30.01%), Youden index (67.23%) and area under the curve (AUC) (83.62%).
Conclusion
Our studies demonstrate an effective method to localize lesions in non-temporal lobe regions. This novel method automatically detected FCD lesions using only FLAIR-negative images from patients and was based only on cortical thickness feature. The method is noninvasive and more effective than a visual analysis for helping doctors make a diagnosis.
Journal Article
Investigating the Transport Mechanism of PM2.5 Pollution during January 2014 in Wuhan, Central China
Severe haze pollution that occurred in January 2014 in Wuhan was investigated. The factors leading to Wuhan’s PM
2.5
pollution and the characteristics and formation mechanism were found to be significantly different from other megacities, like Beijing. Both the growth rates and decline rates of PM
2.5
concentrations in Wuhan were lower than those in Beijing, but the monthly PM
2.5
value was approximately twice that in Beijing. Furthermore, the sharp increases of PM
2.5
concentrations were often accompanied by strong winds. A high-precision modeling system with an online source-tagged method was established to explore the formation mechanism of five haze episodes. The long-range transport of the polluted air masses from the North China Plain (NCP) was the main factor leading to the sharp increases of PM
2.5
concentrations in Wuhan, which contributed 53.4% of the monthly PM
2.5
concentrations and 38.5% of polluted days. Furthermore, the change in meteorological conditions such as weakened winds and stable weather conditions led to the accumulation of air pollutants in Wuhan after the long-range transport. The contribution from Wuhan and surrounding cities to the PM
2.5
concentrations was determined to be 67.4% during this period. Under the complex regional transport of pollutants from surrounding cities, the NCP, East China, and South China, the five episodes resulted in 30 haze days in Wuhan. The findings reveal important roles played by transregional and intercity transport in haze formation in Wuhan.
Journal Article