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"Lu, Ying"
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Rational strain engineering of single-atom ruthenium on nanoporous MoS2 for highly efficient hydrogen evolution
Maximizing the catalytic activity of single-atom catalysts is vital for the application of single-atom catalysts in industrial water-alkali electrolyzers, yet the modulation of the catalytic properties of single-atom catalysts remains challenging. Here, we construct strain-tunable sulphur vacancies around single-atom Ru sites for accelerating the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction of single-atom Ru sites based on a nanoporous MoS
2
-based Ru single-atom catalyst. By altering the strain of this system, the synergistic effect between sulphur vacancies and Ru sites is amplified, thus changing the catalytic behavior of active sites, namely, the increased reactant density in strained sulphur vacancies and the accelerated hydrogen evolution reaction process on Ru sites. The resulting catalyst delivers an overpotential of 30 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm
−2
, a Tafel slope of 31 mV dec
−1
, and a long catalytic lifetime. This work provides an effective strategy to improve the activities of single-atom modified transition metal dichalcogenides catalysts by precise strain engineering.
The modulation of single-atom catalyst properties for industrial applications remains challenging. Here, authors use strain engineering to amplify the synergistic effect between MoS
2
’s sulphur vacancies and single-atom Ru sites and accelerate H
2
evolution electrocatalysis.
Journal Article
حديقة هوه شيل في تشينغهاي الصينية : واحدة من أبدع حدائق العالم
هوه شيل هي واحدة من أهم وأشهر الحدائق والمحميات الطبيعية في مقاطعة تشينغهاي الصينية، أدرجت في \"قائمة التراث العالمي\" في الاجتماع الحادي والأربعين للجنة التراث العالمي لليونسكو في بولندا عام 2017، وأصبحت موقع التراث العالمي الحادي والخمسين في الصين والأول بمقاطعة تشينغهاي ؛ ويحوى هذا الكتاب خلاصة العديد من الدراسات والبحوث، ويعرض لأول مرة موجزا عن التاريخ الطبيعي والبشري لموقع التراث العالمي والمتنزه الوطني هوه شيل استنادا إلى البيانات الرسمية الصينية ؛ ويصف النظم الإيكولوجية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية، ويوفر دعما غنيا بالبيانات العلمية الأساسية وبحوث المختبر الإيكولوجي في تلك الهضبة العالمية الشاسعة، وهو يمثل مرجعا مهما في مجال حماية التنوع البيولوجي محليا وعالميا، وهذا الكتاب لا يسلط الضوء على سحر الطبيعة في تلك البقعة من الصين التي تحوي الكثير من الجبال والوديان والبحيرات والحدائق الطبيعية بل يستعرض أيضا وبشكل من التفصيل، التنوع والثراء النباتي والحيواني في حديقة هوه شيل الصينية.
Book
Iron phthalocyanine with coordination induced electronic localization to boost oxygen reduction reaction
Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) is a promising non-precious catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Unfortunately, FePc with plane-symmetric FeN
4
site usually exhibits an unsatisfactory ORR activity due to its poor O
2
adsorption and activation. Here, we report an axial Fe–O coordination induced electronic localization strategy to improve its O
2
adsorption, activation and thus the ORR performance. Theoretical calculations indicate that the Fe–O coordination evokes the electronic localization among the axial direction of O–FeN
4
sites to enhance O
2
adsorption and activation. To realize this speculation, FePc is coordinated with an oxidized carbon. Synchrotron X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectra validate Fe–O coordination between FePc and carbon. The obtained catalyst exhibits fast kinetics for O
2
adsorption and activation with an ultralow Tafel slope of 27.5 mV dec
−1
and a remarkable half-wave potential of 0.90 V. This work offers a new strategy to regulate catalytic sites for better performance.
Iron phthalocyanine with a 2D structure and symmetric electron distribution around Fe-N
4
active sites is not optimal for O
2
adsorption and activation. Here, the authors report an axial Fe–O coordination induced electronic localization strategy to enhance oxygen reduction reaction performance.
Journal Article
Dynamic active-site generation of atomic iridium stabilized on nanoporous metal phosphides for water oxidation
Designing efficient single-atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for water-splitting. However, the self-reconstruction of isolated active sites during OER not only influences the catalytic activity, but also limits the understanding of structure-property relationships. Here, we utilize a self-reconstruction strategy to prepare a SAC with isolated iridium anchored on oxyhydroxides, which exhibits high catalytic OER performance with low overpotential and small Tafel slope, superior to the IrO
2
. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies in combination with theory calculations indicate that the isolated iridium sites undergo a deprotonation process to form the multiple active sites during OER, promoting the O–O coupling. The isolated iridium sites are revealed to remain dispersed due to the support effect during OER. This work not only affords the rational design strategy of OER SACs at the atomic scale, but also provides the fundamental insights of the operando OER mechanism for highly active OER SACs.
Direct observation of the atomic and electronic structure of a single-atom catalyst is essential. Here, the authors report an oxyhydroxide stabilized iridium catalyst with superior oxygen evolution catalytic activity and identify the isolated iridium sites which promote the H
2
O attack and O–O coupling.
Journal Article
Neutrophil extracellular traps in central nervous system disorders: mechanisms, implications, and emerging perspective
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), as a crucial defense mechanism of neutrophils, have garnered increasing attention in recent years for their roles in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This review comprehensively summarizes the fundamental characteristics and formation mechanisms of NETs, while highlighting the latest research advances regarding their involvement in various CNS diseases. Specific mechanistic insights are discussed, including how NETs exacerbate ischemic stroke through immunothrombosis, promote blood-brain barrier disruption in multiple sclerosis, and contribute to neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease. The paper systematically explores the potential mechanistic contributions of NETs to disease pathogenesis and progression, as well as their prospects as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Through an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted roles of NETs in CNS pathologies, this review aims to provide novel insights and references for advancing the understanding, clinical diagnosis, and therapeutic management of central nervous system disorders.
Journal Article
Single platinum atoms embedded in nanoporous cobalt selenide as electrocatalyst for accelerating hydrogen evolution reaction
Designing efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction is significant for renewable and sustainable energy conversion. Here, we report single-atom platinum decorated nanoporous Co
0
.
85
Se (Pt/np-Co
0
.
85
Se) as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. The achieved Pt/np-Co
0
.
85
Se shows high catalytic performance with a near-zero onset overpotential, a low Tafel slope of 35 mV dec
−1
, and a high turnover frequency of 3.93 s
−1
at −100 mV in neutral media, outperforming commercial Pt/C catalyst and other reported transition-metal-based compounds. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies combined with density functional theory calculations indicate that single-atom platinum in Pt/np-Co
0
.
85
Se not only can optimize surface states of Co
0
.
85
Se active centers under realistic working conditions, but also can significantly reduce energy barriers of water dissociation and improve adsorption/desorption behavior of hydrogen, which synergistically promote thermodynamics and kinetics. This work opens up further opportunities for local electronic structures tuning of electrocatalysts to effectively manipulate its catalytic properties by an atomic-level engineering strategy.
While water splitting chemistry provides a renewable means to produce carbon-neutral hydrogen fuel, the most efficient catalysts require rare and expensive platinum. Here, authors prepare single-atom platinum on cobalt selenide as a high-performance hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst.
Journal Article
Efficient electrosynthesis of formamide from carbon monoxide and nitrite on a Ru-dispersed Cu nanocluster catalyst
Conversion into high-value-added organic nitrogen compounds through electrochemical C-N coupling reactions under ambient conditions is regarded as a sustainable development strategy to achieve carbon neutrality and high-value utilization of harmful substances. Herein, we report an electrochemical process for selective synthesis of high-valued formamide from carbon monoxide and nitrite with a Ru
1
Cu single-atom alloy under ambient conditions, which achieves a high formamide selectivity with Faradaic efficiency of 45.65 ± 0.76% at −0.5 V vs. RHE. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, coupled with in situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations results reveal that the adjacent Ru-Cu dual active sites can spontaneously couple *CO and *NH
2
intermediates to realize a critical C-N coupling reaction, enabling high-performance electrosynthesis of formamide. This work offers insight into the high-value formamide electrocatalysis through coupling CO and NO
2
−
under ambient conditions, paving the way for the synthesis of more-sustainable and high-value chemical products.
Conversion into high-value-added organic nitrogen compounds through electrochemical C-N coupling reactions is considered a sustainable strategy to achieve carbon neutrality. Herein, we report the selective electrosynthesis of formamide from carbon monoxide and nitrite using Ru
1
Cu single-atoms catalyst.
Journal Article