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"Lu-yi, Chen"
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Rapid isolation and determination of bisphenol A in complicated matrices by magnetic molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensing
Because of its widespread distribution in the environment, bisphenol A (BPA) has become a global concern as an endocrine disruptor and a threat to human health through the food chain. Thus an efficient determination method is urgently needed for monitoring the levels of BPA. Herein, a novel electrochemical technique for the detection of BPA was performed by synchronous extraction and pre-concentration of BPA onto magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (BMMIP), with subsequent readout on a magneto-actuated glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) by differential pulse voltammetry. Compared to the current methods of BPA determination, this BMMIP-based electrochemical sensor (BMMIPs@MGCE) not only simplifies the sample handling procedures substantially, without filtration, centrifugation, or other complex operations, but also can be easily renewed by a controllable magnetic field. As a sensor component, the core–shell BMMIPs exhibited excellent binding capacity (Qe = 82.5 mg g−1), short adsorption equilibrium time (30 s), and outstanding selectivity (k′ = 7.239) towards BPA, as well as stability and recyclability. Importantly, the BMMIPs@MGCE sensor was successfully applied for the on-site monitoring and rapid detection of BPA in complicated real-world specimens, with good recoveries (81.31–119.77%) and a low limit of detection (0.133 μmol L−1). Therefore, the stable and low-cost BMMIPs@MGCE sensor provides a new approach for the rapid determination of BPA in the field of environmental control and food safety.
Journal Article
HOTAIR induces the ubiquitination of Runx3 by interacting with Mex3b and enhances the invasion of gastric cancer cells
BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) exert their functions mainly by binding to their corresponding proteins. Runt-related transcription factor 3 (Runx3) is an important transcription factor that functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. Whether there is an interplay between LncRNAs and Runx3 remains unclear.MethodsRPISeq was applied to screen the LncRNAs that potentially bind to Runx3. The interaction between LncRNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and Runx3 was validated by RNA Immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. The role of Mex3b in the ubiquitination of Runx3 induced by HOTAIR was assessed by immunoprecipitation. Pearson’s correlation between HOTAIR mRNA expression and Runx3 protein expression was analyzed. Cell migration and invasion were explored by transwell assays.ResultsWe found that HOTAIR was bound to Runx3 protein and identified the fragment of HOTAIR spanning 1951–2100 bp as the specific binding site. In addition, mex-3 RNA binding family member B (Mex3b) was an E3 ligase involved in HOTAIR-induced ubiquitous degradation of Runx3. Silencing the expression of HOTAIR or Mex3b attenuated the degradation of Runx3. In human gastric cancer tissues, HOTAIR was negatively associated with the expression level of Runx3 protein (Pearson coefficient − 0.501, p = 0.025). Inhibition of HOTAIR significantly suppressed gastric cancer cell migration and invasion through upregulating claudin1, which could be reversed by co-deficiency of Runx3.ConclusionsThese results uncovered the novel interaction between HOTAIR and Runx3, and provided potential therapeutic targets on the metastasis of gastric cancer.
Journal Article
A Biomechanical Comparison of Expansive Pedicle Screws for Severe Osteoporosis: The Effects of Screw Design and Cement Augmentation
Expansive pedicle screws significantly improve fixation strength in osteoporotic spines. However, the previous literature does not adequately address the effects of the number of lengthwise slits and the extent of screw expansion on the strength of the bone/screw interface when expansive screws are used with or without cement augmentation. Herein, four designs for expansive pedicle screws with different numbers of lengthwise slits and different screw expansion levels were evaluated. Synthetic bones simulating severe osteoporosis were used to provide a comparative platform for each screw design. The prepared specimens were then tested for axial pullout failure. Regardless of screw design, screws with cement augmentation demonstrated significantly higher pullout strength than pedicle screws without cement augmentation (p < 0.001). For screws without cement augmentation, solid screws exhibited the lowest pullout strength compared to the four expansive groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences in pullout strength were observed between the expansive screws with different designs (p > 0.05). Taken together, our results show that pedicle screws combined with cement augmentation may greatly increase screw fixation regardless of screws with or without expansion. An increase in both the number of slits and the extent of screw expansion had little impact on the screw-anchoring strength. Cement augmentation is the most influential factor for improving screw pullout strength.
Journal Article
Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor for C-Reactive Protein Detection
A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor was investigated for its application in C-reactive protein (CRP) detection. Piezoelectric lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrates were used to study their frequency response characteristics in a SAW sensor with a CRP sensing area. After the fabrication of the SAW sensor, the immobilization process was performed for CRP/anti-CRP interaction. The CRP/anti-CRP interaction can be detected as mass variations in the sensing area. These mass variations may produce changes in the amplitude of sensor response. It was clearly observed that a CRP concentration of 0.1 μg/mL can be detected in the proposed SAW sensor. A good fitting linear relationship between the detected insertion loss (amplitude) and the concentrations of CRP from 0.1 μg/mL to 1 mg/mL was obtained. The detected shifts in the amplitude of insertion loss in SAW sensors for different CRP concentrations may be useful in the diagnosis of risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Journal Article
Toxicological responses, bioaccumulation, and metabolic fate of triclosan in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that is broadly used in personal care products. It has been shown to cause the contamination of a variety of aquatic environments. Since algae has been the primary producers of aquatic ecosystems, understanding the toxicological mechanisms and the metabolic fate of TCS is vital for assessing its risk in an aquatic environment. In our study, 0.5–4 mg L
−1
TCS treatments for 72 h in a culture of
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
(
C. reinhardtii
) showed progressive inhibition of cell growth and reduced the chlorophyll content. The EC
50
value of
C. reinhardtii
after 72 h was 1.637 mg L
−1
, which showed its higher level of resistance to TCS in comparison with other algal species. The exposure to TCS led to oxidative injuries of algae in relation to the increment of malonaldehyde content, cell membrane permeability, and H
2
O
2
levels. Furthermore, the oxidative stress from TCS stimulated a series of antioxidant enzyme activities and their gene expressions. Simultaneously, the accumulated TCS in
C. reinhardtii
arouses the detoxification/degradation-related enzymes and related gene transcriptions. In the medium, approximately 82% of TCS was removed by
C. reinhardtii
. Importantly, eight TCS metabolites were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and their relative abundances were measured in a time-course experiment. Six of these metabolites are reported here for the first time. The metabolic pathways of triclosan via
C. reinhardtii
including reductive dechlorination, hydroxylation, sulfhydrylation, and binding with thiol/cysteine/GSH/glycosyl were manifested to broaden our understanding of the environmental fate of TCS.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Effect of Multimedia E-Book Use on the Information Literacy of Nursing Students and Health Communication in Student-Led Large- and Small-Group Community Health Education Sessions
The integration of digital technology into healthcare is critical for health communication. This study analyzed a group of nursing students who applied multimedia health education e-books to different groups of varying sizes to explore the efficiency of implementing health communication and nursing information literacy in the nursing industry. If medical personnel can make appropriate use of technology, combine medical operations with information systems, and disseminate the purpose of health to groups of different sizes properly, the quality of patient care will improve. Thirty-two junior nursing students at the college level were divided into three groups, each subject to a 3-week internship. After the internship, a questionnaire survey was conducted. Additionally, nine nursing students were interviewed in a 45-min semistructured format. Regarding the effectiveness of nursing students using multimedia e-books to implement health communication and the development of nursing information literacy, the statistical analysis results demonstrated no significant differences between large groups and small groups. However, their 5-point Likert scale average values were all greater than 4, indicating that regardless of group size, their feedback on using e-books was positive. This means multimedia e-books can effectively help nursing students practice health communication application effectiveness and develop nursing information literacy.
Journal Article
Monetary Reward and Punishment to Response Inhibition Modulate Activation and Synchronization Within the Inhibitory Brain Network
A reward or punishment can modulate motivation and emotions, which in turn affect cognitive processing. The present simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging-electroencephalography study examines neural mechanisms of response inhibition under the influence of a monetary reward or punishment by implementing a modified stop-signal task in a virtual battlefield scenario. The participants were instructed to play as snipers who open fire at a terrorist target but withhold shooting in the presence of a hostage. The participants performed the task under three different feedback conditions in counterbalanced order: a reward condition where each successfully withheld response added a bonus (i.e., positive feedback) to the startup credit, a punishment condition where each failure in stopping deduced a penalty (i.e., negative feedback), and a no-feedback condition where response outcome had no consequences and served as a control setting. Behaviorally both reward and punishment conditions led to significantly down-regulated inhibitory function in terms of the critical stop-signal delay. As for the neuroimaging results, increased activities were found for the no-feedback condition in regions previously reported to be associated with response inhibition, including the right inferior frontal gyrus and the pre-supplementary motor area. Moreover, higher activation of the lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG) and inferior parietal lobule were found in the reward condition, while stronger activation of the precuneus gyrus was found in the punishment condition. The positive feedback was also associated with stronger changes of delta, theta, and alpha synchronization in the PCG than were the negative or no-feedback conditions. These findings depicted the intertwining relationship between response inhibition and motivation networks.
Journal Article
Advanced Magnetic Imprinted Polymers Integrated with In Situ Ionization Mass Spectrometry for High-Throughput Pesticide Screening and Detection in Food Matrices
This research introduces magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) as a novel tool for the efficient extraction and detection of pesticide residues in food products. The MMIPs exhibit a notable adsorption capacity ranging from 15.70 to 23.57 mg g−1, showcasing their efficacy in preconcentrating multiple pesticides. By leveraging Low-Temperature Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LTP-MS) in conjunction with MMIP-based sample pretreatment, the study achieves rapid screening of 108 pesticides in agricultural products, boasting a detection sensitivity of 86.9%. The MMIPs demonstrate exceptional selectivity, enabling swift separation in an external magnetic field, thereby reducing reliance on chemical reagents and facilitating multiple reuses. Rigorous evaluation of the MMIPs’ binding properties, magnetic separation efficiency, and reusability underscores their potential for class-selective enrichment of pesticide residues. The MMIPs were meticulously characterized using a comprehensive array of analytical techniques, including FT-IR spectrometry, SEM, TEM, VSM, and UV–vis spectrophotometry. Remarkably, the MMIPs’ performance in pesticide extraction yielded promising results, with successful qualitative detection of 78 out of 87 identified pesticides in cucumber samples, 71 out of 85 identified pesticides in tomato samples, 55 out of 64 identified pesticides in cabbage samples, and 42 out of 48 identified pesticides in leek samples, achieving recovery rates within the range of 60.12% to 119.84% for 50.91% of the identified pesticides. The screening detection limit (SDL) for the 86 pesticides in the MMMIP-LTP-MS method was set according to the corresponding maximum residue limit (MRL) in the National Food Safety Standard of China (GB 2763-2021). The quantification limits of MMMIPs-LC-TQ-MS ranged from 0.000043 to 5.52 µg g−1, with recoveries between 60.12% and 119.84%. These findings underscore the significant impact of MMIP-based sample preparation in enhancing the precision and efficiency of high-throughput determination of pesticide residues in food products.
Journal Article
First-principle calculations of the structural, vibrational, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties of ε-O8 under pressure
The vibrational, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties of the
ε
-O
8
phase in the pressure range of 11.4–70 GPa were studied by the first-principle calculation method. The phonon dispersion curves have a tiny virtual frequency at 60 GPa, which indicates that
ε
-O
8
is dynamically unstable at 60 GPa. However, the 3-BM EOS demonstrates that the unit cell is stable up to 70 GPa. It has been shown that
ε
-O
8
remains ductile within the whole applied pressure range. Concurrently, we calculated the variation of the band gap of
ε
-O
8
in the pressure range of 11.4–70 GPa. The results show that the band gap of
ε
-O
8
decreases with increasing pressure. Notably, the band gap disappears within the range of 50–60 GPa, which reveals that the metallic phase transition occurs within this pressure range.
Journal Article