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Atmospheric escape shapes the fate of exoplanets, with statistical evidence for transformative mass loss imprinted across the mass–radius–insolation distribution. Here, we present transit spectroscopy of the highly irradiated, low-gravity, inflated hot Saturn HAT-P-67 b. The Habitable Zone Planet Finder spectra show a detection of up to 10% absorption depth of the 10833 Å helium triplet. The 13.8 hr of on-sky integration time over 39 nights sample the entire planet orbit, uncovering excess helium absorption preceding the transit by up to 130 planetary radii in a large leading tail. This configuration can be understood as the escaping material overflowing its small Roche lobe and advecting most of the gas into the stellar—and not planetary—rest frame, consistent with the Doppler velocity structure seen in the helium line profiles. The prominent leading tail serves as direct evidence for dayside mass loss with a strong day-/nightside asymmetry. We see some transit-to-transit variability in the line profile, consistent with the interplay of stellar and planetary winds. We employ one-dimensional Parker wind models to estimate the mass-loss rate, finding values on the order of 2 × 1013 g s−1, with large uncertainties owing to the unknown X-ray and ultraviolet (XUV) flux of the F host star. The large mass loss in HAT-P-67 b represents a valuable example of an inflated hot Saturn, a class of planets recently identified to be rare, as their atmospheres are predicted to evaporate quickly. We contrast two physical mechanisms for runaway evaporation: ohmic dissipation and XUV irradiation, slightly favoring the latter.

Background The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) was to assess the postoperative pain (PP) after non-surgical endodontic retreatment (NSER) in a one visit compared to multiple visits. The PICO question used was “Does NSER in patients with unsatisfactory endodontic treatment in a one-visit visit have a similar PP to that of NSER in multiple visits?” Materials and methods This systematic review followed PRISMA and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019136700). Searches were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases for articles published until September 2020. The eligible criteria were randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The meta-analysis was based on the Mantel-Haenszel. The PP after the retreatment was analyzed using a dichotomous outcome, measured according to risk ratio (RR) when p  < 0.05. The Cochrane scale was used to assess risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence. Results Four studies were included. In general analysis without considering intensity, one-visit NSER presented lower PP than the multiple visits only for 1 and 30 days [(RR = 0.67; CI: 0.48 to 0.93; p  = 0.02), and (RR = 0.09; CI: 0.01 to 0.66; p  = 0.02)], respectively. Regarding sub-analysis considering the intensity, one visit present lower mild PP when compared with multiple visits [(RR = 0.54; CI: 0.30, 0.96; p  = 0.04); (RR = 0.33; CI: 0.12, 0.88; p  = 0.03); and (RR = 0.12; CI: 0.02, 0.86; p  = 0.03)], respectively. However, sub-analysis for moderate and severe PP showed no significant difference, independently of period evaluated ( p  > 0.05). Regarding the risk of bias analysis, a low risk was observed for most domains, except allocation that was considered unclear, while the certainty of evidence for each analysis was considered low. Conclusion Within the limitations of study, the one and multiple visit can be considered adequate, because both present a similar occurrence of PP, except for mild pain. However, due to the low number of studies, further well conducted and standardized RCTs are needed to reassess these results. Clinical relevance Both therapies of endodontic retreatment can be considered in clinical practice. Therefore, the endodontist must consider the patient’s individual characteristics and experience to consider the best treatment approach.

Background/Objectives: This systematic review aimed to quantify the extent of wear of opposing posterior natural enamel in patients with single-unit ceramic crowns. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest through September 2025. A meta-analysis was performed using the inverse variance method. Results: Nine clinical studies (5 randomized controlled trials and 4 prospective studies) involving 203 patients (2015–2025) were included. All studies evaluated monolithic zirconia; two also assessed monolithic lithium disilicate, and three included metal-ceramic restorations with feldspathic veneering. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months. Meta-analysis revealed significant enamel wear from zirconia (p < 0.05; MD: −1.32; 95% CI: −2.06 to −0.57; I2 = 94%) and lithium disilicate (p < 0.05; MD: −0.45; 95% CI: −0.71 to −0.19; I2 = 2%). Feldspathic ceramics did not show significant enamel wear (p = 0.06; MD: −2.77; 95% CI: −5.66 to 0.13; I2 = 96%). Conclusions: Ceramic materials generally cause greater wear on opposing posterior natural enamel than enamel-to-enamel contact. Monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate crowns produced higher antagonist wear, whereas metal-ceramic restorations with feldspathic veneering appeared more conservative for preserving posterior enamel.

Aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FUMs) are among the most prevalent and toxic mycotoxins affecting maize production globally. In Mexico, their co-occurrence poses a significant public health concern, as maize is not only a dietary staple but also predominantly grown and consumed at the household level. This review examines the multifactorial nature of AFs and FUMs contamination in Mexican maize systems, considering the roles of maize germplasm, agricultural practices, environmental conditions, and soil microbiota. Maize landraces, well-adapted to diverse agroecological zones, exhibit potential resistance to AFs contamination and should be prioritized in breeding programs. Sustainable agricultural practices and biocontrol strategies, including the use of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains, are presented as promising interventions. Environmental factors and soil characteristics further influence fungal proliferation and mycotoxin biosynthesis. Advances in microbiome engineering, biological breeding approaches, and predictive modeling offer novel opportunities for prevention and control. The synergistic toxicity of AFs and FUMs significantly increases health risks, particularly for liver cancer, highlighting the urgency of integrated mitigation strategies. While Mexico has regulatory limits for AFs, the lack of legal thresholds for FUMs remains a critical gap in food safety legislation. This comprehensive review underscores the need for biomarker-based exposure assessments and coordinated national policies, alongside multidisciplinary strategies to reduce mycotoxin exposure and enhance food safety in maize systems.

In the original publication [...].

We aimed to conduct an analysis of the systematic reviews (SRs) in literature about the implant survival rate (ISR) and marginal bone loss (MBL) in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. This work was registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42018095314) and was developed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the Cochrane Library Handbook. A search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, and LILACS. The PICO (problem/patient/population, intervention/indicator, comparison, outcome) question was “Do the survival rates of dental implants and marginal bone loss differ between diabetic and nondiabetic patients?” A total of 130 articles were retrieved. After eliminating repetitions, 118 were reviewed. Finally, 6 SRs were included. All the reviews indicated that there is no effect of diabetes on the ISR; however, a negative effect of the disease can be observed in MBL. Analysis of the quality of the studies was performed using the assessment of SRs in dentistry (Glenny Scale) and Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2). Glenny Scale showed a moderate to high quality of the included studies. In contrast, AMSTAR 2 pointed out a critically low level for 4 studies, with no study fulfilling the criteria for high quality. It may be concluded that there is no effect of diabetes on the ISR; however, a negative effect of the disease can be observed on MBL.

BackgroundThe impact of a complete denture on obstructive sleep apnea is not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between nighttime use of complete dentures and obstructive sleep apnea and determine if wearing a complete denture during sleep changes the degree of obstructive sleep apnea.MethodsThis systematic review followed the notification items for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was recorded in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42020183167. An electronic search in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases for articles published until September 2020 was conducted. The search strategy used the terms (complete denture OR denture OR edentulous OR edentulism) AND (quality of sleep OR sleep OR apnea OR obstructive sleep apnea). Only prospective, retrospective, controlled, and randomized clinical studies of patients wearing complete dentures, studies comparing sleep with and without the prosthesis, and studies in which patients were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea by polysomnography were included in the review.ResultsIn total, four articles were selected for the qualitative and quantitative analyses. A total of 144 patients, with an average age of 60 years, were studied. The meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in the apnea-hypopnea index between using and not using the prosthesis during sleep.ConclusionsThe use of complete dentures during sleep does not influence the degree of obstructive sleep apnea.

This is an in silico study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical influence of different implant-abutment interfaces (external hexagon and Morse taper implants), retention systems (cement and screw retained), and restorative crowns (metal-ceramic and monolithic) using 3-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Eight 3D models were simulated for the maxillary first molar area using InVesalius, Rhinoceros, and SolidWorks and processed using Femap and NEi Nastran software. Axial and oblique forces of 200 and 100 N, respectively, were applied on the occlusal surface of the prostheses. Microstrain and von Mises stress maps were used to evaluate the deformation (cortical bone tissue) and stress (implants/fixation screws/crowns), respectively, for each model. For both loadings, Morse taper implants had lower microstrain values than the external hexagon implants. The retention system did not affect microstrain on the cortical bone tissue under both loadings. However, the cemented prosthesis displayed higher stress with the fixation screw than the external hexagon implants. No difference was observed between the metal-ceramic and zirconia monolithic crowns in terms of microstrain and stress distribution on the cortical bone, implants, or components. Morse taper implants can be considered as a good alternative for dental implant rehabilitation because they demonstrated better biomechanical behavior for the bone and fixation screw as compared to external hexagon implants. Cement-retained prosthesis increased the stress on the fixation screw of the external hexagon implants, thereby increasing the risk of screw loosening/fracture in the posterior maxillary area. The use of metal-ceramic or monolithic crowns did not affect the biomechanical behavior of the evaluated structures.

First-generation college students play a crucial role in higher education, and understanding their barriers when communicating their need for social support is essential to supporting their success and improving outcomes for first-generation students in higher education. This study analyzes the types of barriers first-generation college students (FGCS) at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa face when communicating their need for social support. This study includes relevant literature and concepts including the benefits of social support, and sources and types of social support. The overall goal for this research is to recognize the barriers FGCS face in communicating their need for social support to give us insights on their perspectives and experiences in college. In a series of semi-structured in-depth interviews with 13 first-generation college students at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, I show that there are differences in the types of social support that first generation students derive from professional resources and interpersonal sources, and that there are a multitude of factors that prevent first generation college students from communicating their need for social support, notably: negative feelings of fear and shame, lack of trust in support sources, self-doubt, self-reliance, social disconnection, and family upbringing. Implications of these findings are discussed.

As the landscape of art education continues to evolve in the modern art classroom, pedagogical approaches are shifting toward more student-centered models. One such approach, Choice-Based Art Education (CBAE), which is grounded in the Teaching for Artistic Behavior (TAB) philosophy, emphasizes student autonomy. Unlike traditional, teacher-directed pedagogy such as traditional Discipline-Based Art Education (DBAE) educational framework, which prioritizes controlled instruction across four core disciplines: art production, art history, art criticism, and aesthetics. While CBAE fosters personalized learning experiences that allow students to make independent decisions about their artistic processes and the outcomes of their artwork independently.This thesis explores the crossroads of CBAE and classroom management, examining whether the student autonomy inherently in CBAE leads to increased disciplinary problems/issues compared to the more controlled environment of the traditional DBAE’s educational framework rigorous structure. While CBAE promotes creativity, engagement, and ownership, its less structured nature can cause issues with classroom management. On the other hand, traditional DBAE’s educational frameworks clear guidelines may support discipline but potentially restrict student expression and creativity.Drawing on a combination of literature review, case studies, and original research, this study examines effective strategies for maintaining order, good classroom management, and productivity in choice-based art classrooms. It seeks to answer the central question: Do CBAE classrooms experience more disciplinary issues due to their open-ended structure, or can thoughtful management practices mitigate these challenges while preserving student autonomy? The research aimed to provide teachers with insights into balancing artistic freedom and structure in the modern art education classroom.This thesis explored how both the pedagogical model CBAE, rooted in TAB, and the traditional DBAE educational framework shape students and parent insights in early elementary art education. The Student Confidence and Student Agreement Surveys revealed that while both groups reported high confidence and engagement, TAB students demonstrated greater emotional investment in their work, suggesting that student agency fosters more meaningful learning. Parent Surveys also confirmed these findings, with TAB families showing stronger support for process-oriented learning and student autonomy, all through both models were viewed favorably. When viewed together, the data highlights a shift toward student choice in the classroom and for more personal expression in their artwork, highlighting the importance of aligning instructional strategies with developmentally appropriate learning styles for younger students and fostering a supportive, student-centered classroom for a diverse number of students.