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As global carbon reduction initiatives progress and the new energy sector rapidly develops, photovoltaic (PV) power generation is playing an increasingly significant role in renewable energy. Accurate PV output forecasting, influenced by meteorological factors, is essential for efficient energy management. This paper presents an optimal hybrid forecasting strategy, integrating bidirectional temporal convolutional networks (BiTCN), dynamic convolution (DC), bidirectional long short-term memory networks (BiLSTM), and a novel mixed-state space model (Mixed-SSM). The mixed-SSM combines the state space model (SSM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHSA) to capture complementary temporal, nonlinear, and long-term features. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses are used to select features strongly correlated with PV output, improving the prediction correlation coefficient (R2) by at least 0.87%. The K-Means++ algorithm further enhances input data features, achieving a maximum R2 of 86.9% and a positive R2 gain of 6.62%. Compared with BiTCN variants such as BiTCN-BiGRU, BiTCN-transformer, and BiTCN-LSTM, the proposed method delivers a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.1%, root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1.2%, and an R2 of 89.1%. These results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in forecasting PV power and supporting low-carbon, safe grid operation.

Background Pulmonary bronchial leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumour of the lung originating from the mesenchymal tissue. The retroperitoneal region is the most common site of leiomyosarcoma. It exhibits a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis, thereby highlighting the significance of early diagnosis of this disease. Case demonstration A 61-year-old male with a smoking history of 40 + years was admitted to the hospital due to cough, expectoration, and shortness of breath that extended for half a year, which aggravated for two months and was succeeded by intermittent bloody sputum for one month. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass in the upper lobe of the right lung, which was identified as a malignant tumour lesion involving the upper thoracic oesophagus. The boundaries of the mass with the trachea, brachiocephalic artery, and right brachiocephalic vein were unclear. Brush liquid-based cytology of the right middle lobe bronchus was performed, followed by histopathological biopsy. The pathological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma in the middle lobe of the right lung. After the diagnosis, he underwent chemotherapy in another hospital, and the case was followed up for six months, during which no recurrence was noted. Conclusions Pulmonary and bronchial leiomyosarcomas often occur in young males with rapid progression and poor prognosis, but metastasis is rare. Surgical resection is the first-line treatment. We report a case of pulmonary bronchial leiomyosarcoma. The cytological, histological, immunohistochemical, and differential diagnoses were analysed to improve the understanding of the disease. Presently, there exist some challenges in diagnosing and treating pulmonary bronchial leiomyosarcoma. Early detection and treatment are important to improve prognosis.

Natural products possess potent pharmacological activities and health benefits. However, drawbacks such as water insolubility, poor stability, and low bioavailability limit their practical applications. This research is dedicated to the development of suitable natural self-assembled nano-delivery systems to encapsulate natural molecule drugs, improving their dispersion and stability in aqueous solution. As a model drug, curcumin (Cur) was encapsulated in zinc–adenine nanoparticles (Zn–Adenine), based on the self-assembly of a coordination matrix material. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was further functionalized on the surface of Cur@(Zn–Adenine) to realize a tumor-targeted delivery system. The morphology was characterized through TEM and zeta potential analyses, while the encapsulation mechanism of the nanoparticles was researched via XRD and FTIR. The formed Cur@(Zn–Adenine)@HA nanoparticles exhibited good drug loading efficiency and drug loading rate. Moreover, compared to free Cur, Cur-loaded (Zn–Adenine)@HA showed enhanced pH stability and thermal stability. In particular, Cur@(Zn–Adenine)@HA demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and strong specificity for targeting CD44 protein on cancer cells. The above results indicate that (Zn–Adenine)@HA NPs can serve as an effective nano-delivery system for hydrophobic substances.

The Tibetan Plateau supplies water to nearly 2 billion people in Asia, but climate change poses threats to its aquatic microbial resources. Here, we construct the Tibetan Plateau Microbial Catalog by sequencing 498 metagenomes from six water ecosystems (saline lakes, freshwater lakes, rivers, hot springs, wetlands and glaciers). Our catalog expands knowledge of regional genomic diversity by presenting 32,355 metagenome-assembled genomes that de-replicated into 10,723 representative genome-based species, of which 88% were unannotated. The catalog contains nearly 300 million non-redundant gene clusters, of which 15% novel, and 73,864 biosynthetic gene clusters, of which 50% novel, thus expanding known functional diversity. Using these data, we investigate the Tibetan Plateau aquatic microbiome’s biogeography along a distance of 2,500 km and >5 km in altitude. Microbial compositional similarity and the shared gene count with the Tibetan Plateau microbiome decline along with distance and altitude difference, suggesting a dispersal pattern. The Tibetan Plateau Microbial Catalog stands as a substantial repository for high-altitude aquatic microbiome resources, providing potential for discovering novel lineages and functions, and bridging knowledge gaps in microbiome biogeography. The Tibetan Plateau is the largest plateau in the world and hosts a variety of aquatic ecosystems. Here, the authors present a gene and genome catalogue of Tibetan Plateau aquatic microbiomes, greatly expanding known taxonomic and functional diversity for the region and giving insights into its microbial biogeography.

Microwave-synthesized SiO 2 -reinforced B-N-co-doped reduced graphene oxide (SiO 2 -B-N-GO) nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray (TEM/EDX) analysis. The tribological properties of the SiO 2 -B-N-GO prepared as anti-wear additives for enhanced lubrication were studied using a four-ball tester. The experiment results indicated that SiO 2 -B-N-GO exhibits excellent load-carrying, anti-wear, and anti-friction properties in a base oil, especially at the optimal concentration of additives at 0.15 wt%. The wear scar diameter decreased from 0.70 to 0.37 mm and the coefficient of friction was reduced from 0.092 to 0.070, which reductions are attributed to the formation of B-N and graphene layer tribofilms of several tens of nanometers in thickness that prevented direct contact between metals.

While building the steel–concrete composite girder bridge by means of the incremental launching method, the steel box is directly in the sunlight, and the temperature impact should not be neglected. However, the existing specifications fail to offer the temperature gradient pattern applicable to the steel box featuring a significant height–width ratio and straight web. This paper, relying on the Fenshui River Bridge situated in the southwest region of China, carried out a temperature test. By analyzing the experimental data, the rules of temperature changes at the measuring points in various positions of the steel box were studied, and the temperature disparities of the steel box across different seasons were contrasted. Through the analysis of the test data, the rule governing temperature distribution across the height dimension of the cross-section and its change with time were studied, and a model designed to represent the temperature gradient within the steel box was put forward. By utilizing the numerical model, the effect of the temperature gradient on the force acting on the structure in the process of incremental launching was analyzed. The findings indicate that the temperature of the top plate of the steel box is the highest from 14:00 to 16:00. There is a lag phenomenon in the temperature rise in the bottom plate. The greatest temperature disparity between the upper and lower plates of the steel box is not always present in the season when the temperature is comparatively high. The curve of temperature gradient change exhibits nonlinear features, and the variation in temperature is considerable within the scope of 1 m. In this article, a double-broken line temperature gradient model is put forward, with the corresponding temperature gradient of 17.8 °C. The temperature gradient obviously affects the structural stress, changing the stress distribution, and it notably impacts the deformation. The deformation generated on the guide beam due to the temperature gradient makes up 39% of the total deformation. The temperature gradient is not a fixed value. When the steel box girder is under the jacking process, especially while the structure remains in its maximum cantilever condition and is about to cross the pier, the time should be avoided when the temperature gradient is at its highest.

Background Appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma (GCA) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the appendiceal mucosa, with an insidious onset. Its biological behavior lies between that of a carcinoid tumor and an adenocarcinoma, and it has a relatively favorable prognosis but a high risk of long-term recurrence and metastasis. The coexistence of primary cecal tubular adenocarcinoma and appendiceal GCA is extremely rare, and poses challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Case demonstration An 86-year-old male presented with a 2-month history of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Abdominal CT revealed thickening of the ascending colon wall, suggesting colon cancer. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed primary cecal tubular adenocarcinoma combined with appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but the patient refused. Seven months later, lung metastasis was detected. Chemotherapy with “raltitrexed plus bevacizumab” was administered. During an 8-month follow-up, the patient remained in generally good condition. Conclusion Appendiceal GCA is more common in middle-aged and elderly women and is associated with a good overall survival rate but a high risk of long-term recurrence and metastasis, especially in patients with distant metastases. The coexistence of appendiceal GCA and cecal tubular adenocarcinoma is exceedingly rare. This case report analyzes the clinical features, histological morphology, immunohistochemistry, and differential diagnosis of this condition to enhance understanding of this rare disease.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking effective targeted therapies, with circular RNAs (circRNAs) emerging as key regulators in cancer progression through competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Although circRNAs function as miRNA sponges in TNBC, the specific role of circDUSP1 in the miR-429/DLC1 pathway remains unknown. In this study, a circular RNA, circDUSP1, was identified as differentially expressed in TNBC using an online database. Using TNBC patient tissues and cell lines (MDA-MB-231/MDA-MB-468), we quantified circDUSP1 expression via qRT-PCR. The molecular characteristics of circDUSP1 were identified through methods such as nuclear-cytoplasmic separation, RNase R digestion, and FISH. Assessed the impact of circDUSP1 on TNBC cell proliferation/migration/invasion through functional assays (CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell, etc.). The circDUSP1/miR-429/DLC1 regulatory network’s role in TNBC was validated using dual-luciferase reporter gene, RNA pull-down, and rescue assays. circDUSP1 was significantly downregulated in TNBC tissues and cell lines. circDUSP1 overexpression suppressed TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vivo circDUSP1 directly bound miR-429 to relieve its repression of tumor suppressor DLC1 miR-429 mimics attenuated circDUSP1-mediated tumor suppression. circDUSP1 inhibits TNBC progression by acting as a molecular sponge for miR-429 to upregulate DLC1. This regulatory network represents a novel therapeutic target for TNBC.

Background Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, predominantly affecting the elderly. The disease often involves multiple tissues and organs, leading to a wide range of nonspecific symptoms. Early detection is challenging due to the absence of prominent signs such as enlarged lymph nodes or significant blood and bone marrow abnormalities in the early stages. Moreover, biopsy specimens may be insufficient for accurate diagnosis, resulting in a high false-negative rate and delayed treatment initiation. Case presentation A 61-year-old male presented with a bilateral adrenal mass detected during routine examination. The patient had a history of diabetes, managed with regular antidiabetic medications and good blood sugar control for over a year. Symptoms included dizziness and mild bilateral flank discomfort. Imaging revealed patchy, soft tissue lesions in both adrenal glands on an upper abdominal CT scan. The larger lesion measured 71 × 37 mm on the left, and 51 × 31 mm on the right. Enhanced imaging showed mild to moderate enhancement, with neoplastic lesions or metastasis suspected. A CT-guided percutaneous biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed large or medium-sized lymphoma-like cells localized to endothelial markers CD31 and CD34-positive lumen epithelium, with strong diffuse positivity for B-lymphocyte markers. The final diagnosis was IVLBCL. The patient was treated with rituximab combined with CHOP chemotherapy and discharged without significant symptoms. Conclusions IVLBCL is often overlooked due to its varied and nonspecific clinical presentation, making early diagnosis difficult. The disease progresses rapidly and has a poor prognosis, with definitive diagnosis relying on pathological findings. Increased awareness of this rare lymphoma is crucial, particularly for diagnosing needle biopsy specimens in patients with mild symptoms and no distinct space-occupying lesions. Careful morphological examination, supported by targeted immunohistochemical staining (for B-cell and endothelial markers), is essential for timely diagnosis.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, a Medicago truncatula plant pretreated with brassinolide (BL, the most active BR), enhanced cold stress tolerance by regulating the expression of several cold-related genes and antioxidant enzymes activities. Previous studies reported that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved during environmental stress conditions. However, how these two signaling molecules interact with each other in BRs-induced abiotic stress tolerance remain largely unclear. BL-pretreatment induced, while brassinazole (BRZ, a specific inhibitor of BRs biosynthesis) reduced H2O2 and NO production. Further, application of dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a H2O2 and OH− scavenger) blocked BRs-induced NO production, but BRs-induced H2O2 generation was not sensitive to 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO, a scavenger of NO). Moreover, pretreatment with DMTU and PTIO decreased BL-induced mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and the photosystem capacity. However, pretreatment with PTIO was found to be more effective than DMTU in reducing BRs-induced increases in Valt, Vt, and MtAOX1 gene expression. Similarly, BRs-induced photosystem II efficiency was found in NO dependent manner than H2O2. Finally, we conclude that H2O2 was involved in NO generation, whereas NO was found to be crucial in BRs-induced AOX capacity, which further contributed to the protection of the photosystem under cold stress conditions in Medicago truncatula.