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A bstract Using data samples of 983.0 fb − 1 and 427.9 fb − 1 accumulated with the Belle and Belle II detectors operating at the KEKB and SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − colliders, singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays Ξ c + → p K S 0 , Ξ c + → Λ π + , and Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + are observed for the first time. The ratios of branching fractions of Ξ c + → p K S 0 , Ξ c + → Λ π + , and Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + relative to that of Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + are measured to be B Ξ c + → p K S 0 B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.47 ± 0.16 ± 0.07 % , B Ξ c + → Λ π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 1.56 ± 0.14 ± 0.09 % , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 4.13 ± 0.26 ± 0.22 % . Multiplying these values by the branching fraction of the normalization channel, B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.9 ± 1.3 % , the absolute branching fractions are determined to be B Ξ c + → p K S 0 = 7.16 ± 0.46 ± 0.20 ± 3.21 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Λ π + = 4.52 ± 0.41 ± 0.26 ± 2.03 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + = 1.20 ± 0.08 ± 0.07 ± 0.54 × 10 − 3 . The first and second uncertainties above are statistical and systematic, respectively, while the third ones arise from the uncertainty in B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + .

A bstract We present a measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in decays using a data set of 365 fb − 1 recorded by the Belle II experiment and the final data set of 711 fb − 1 recorded by the Belle experiment at the Υ(4S) resonance. The direct and mixing-induced time-dependent CP violation parameters C and S are determined along with two additional quantities, S + and S − , defined in the two halves of the plane. The measured values are C = − 0 . 17 ± 0 . 09 ± 0 . 04, S = − 0 . 29 ± 0 . 11 ± 0 . 05, S + = −0 . 57 ± 0 . 23 ± 0 . 10 and S − = 0 . 31 ± 0 . 24 ± 0 . 05, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.

Using data samples of 983.0 fb − 1 and 427.9 fb − 1 accumulated with the Belle and Belle II detectors operating at the KEKB and SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − colliders, singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $$Ξ c + → p K S 0 ,$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Λ π + , and$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + are observed for the first time. The ratios of branching fractions of$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $$Ξ c + → p K S 0 ,$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Λ π + , and$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + relative to that of$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + are measured to be$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(2.47\\pm 0.16\\pm 0.07\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(1.56\\pm 0.14\\pm 0.09\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(4.13\\pm 0.26\\pm 0.22\\right)\\%.\\end{array}} $$B Ξ c + → p K S 0 B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.47 ± 0.16 ± 0.07 % , B Ξ c + → Λ π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 1.56 ± 0.14 ± 0.09 % , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 4.13 ± 0.26 ± 0.22 % . Multiplying these values by the branching fraction of the normalization channel,$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(2.9\\pm 1.3\\right)\\% $$B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.9 ± 1.3 % , the absolute branching fractions are determined to be$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)=\\left(7.16\\pm 0.46\\pm 0.20\\pm 3.21\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(4.52\\pm 0.41\\pm 0.26\\pm 2.03\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(1.20\\pm 0.08\\pm 0.07\\pm 0.54\\right)\\times {10}^{-3}.\\end{array}} $$B Ξ c + → p K S 0 = 7.16 ± 0.46 ± 0.20 ± 3.21 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Λ π + = 4.52 ± 0.41 ± 0.26 ± 2.03 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + = 1.20 ± 0.08 ± 0.07 ± 0.54 × 10 − 3 . The first and second uncertainties above are statistical and systematic, respectively, while the third ones arise from the uncertainty in$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right) $$B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + .

We perform the first search for CP violation in$$ {D}_{(s)}^{+}\\to {K}_S^0{K}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$D s + → K S 0 K − π + π + decays. We use a combined data set from the Belle and Belle II experiments, which study e + e − collisions at center-of-mass energies at or near the Υ(4 S ) resonance. We use 980 fb − 1 of data from Belle and 428 fb − 1 of data from Belle II. We measure six CP -violating asymmetries that are based on triple products and quadruple products of the momenta of final-state particles, and also the particles’ helicity angles. We obtain a precision at the level of 0.5% for$$ {D}^{+}\\to {K}_S^0{K}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$D + → K S 0 K − π + π + decays, and better than 0.3% for$$ {D}_s^{+}\\to {K}_S^0{K}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$D s + → K S 0 K − π + π + decays. No evidence of CP violation is found. Our results for the triple-product asymmetries are the most precise to date for singly-Cabibbo-suppressed D + decays. Our results for the other asymmetries are the first such measurements performed for charm decays.

A bstract We perform the first search for CP violation in D s + → K S 0 K − π + π + decays. We use a combined data set from the Belle and Belle II experiments, which study e + e − collisions at center-of-mass energies at or near the Υ(4 S ) resonance. We use 980 fb − 1 of data from Belle and 428 fb − 1 of data from Belle II. We measure six CP -violating asymmetries that are based on triple products and quadruple products of the momenta of final-state particles, and also the particles’ helicity angles. We obtain a precision at the level of 0.5% for D + → K S 0 K − π + π + decays, and better than 0.3% for D s + → K S 0 K − π + π + decays. No evidence of CP violation is found. Our results for the triple-product asymmetries are the most precise to date for singly-Cabibbo-suppressed D + decays. Our results for the other asymmetries are the first such measurements performed for charm decays.

Abstract We present the results of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decays B 0 → K *0 τ ± ℓ ∓, where ℓ ∓ is either an electron or a muon. The results are based on 365 fb −1 and 711 fb −1 datasets collected with the Belle II and Belle detectors, respectively. We use an exclusive hadronic B-tagging technique, and search for a signal decay in the system recoiling against a fully reconstructed B meson. We find no evidence for B 0 → K *0 τ ± ℓ ∓ decays and set upper limits on the branching fractions in the range of (2.9–6.4)×10 −5 at 90% confidence level.

Abstract We perform the first search for CP violation in D s + → K S 0 K − π + π + D_((s))⁺→ K_(S)⁰K⁻π⁺π⁺ decays. We use a combined data set from the Belle and Belle II experiments, which study e + e − collisions at center-of-mass energies at or near the Υ(4S) resonance. We use 980 fb −1 of data from Belle and 428 fb −1 of data from Belle II. We measure six CP-violating asymmetries that are based on triple products and quadruple products of the momenta of final-state particles, and also the particles’ helicity angles. We obtain a precision at the level of 0.5% for D + → K S 0 K − π + π + D⁺→ K_(S)⁰K⁻π⁺π⁺ decays, and better than 0.3% for D s + → K S 0 K − π + π + D_(s)⁺→ K_(S)⁰K⁻π⁺π⁺ decays. No evidence of CP violation is found. Our results for the triple-product asymmetries are the most precise to date for singly-Cabibbo-suppressed D + decays. Our results for the other asymmetries are the first such measurements performed for charm decays.

Abstract Using data samples of 983.0 fb −1 and 427.9 fb −1 accumulated with the Belle and Belle II detectors operating at the KEKB and SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − colliders, singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays Ξ c + → p K S 0$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $$, Ξ c + → Λ π +$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $$, and Ξ c + → Σ 0 π +$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $$are observed for the first time. The ratios of branching fractions of Ξ c + → p K S 0$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0 $$, Ξ c + → Λ π +$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+} $$, and Ξ c + → Σ 0 π +$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+} $$relative to that of Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π +$$ {\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$are measured to be B Ξ c + → p K S 0 B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.47 ± 0.16 ± 0.07 % , B Ξ c + → Λ π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 1.56 ± 0.14 ± 0.09 % , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 4.13 ± 0.26 ± 0.22 % .$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(2.47\\pm 0.16\\pm 0.07\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(1.56\\pm 0.14\\pm 0.09\\right)\\%,\\\ {}\\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}=\\left(4.13\\pm 0.26\\pm 0.22\\right)\\%.\\end{array}} $$Multiplying these values by the branching fraction of the normalization channel, B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π + = 2.9 ± 1.3 %$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(2.9\\pm 1.3\\right)\\% $$, the absolute branching fractions are determined to be B Ξ c + → p K S 0 = 7.16 ± 0.46 ± 0.20 ± 3.21 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Λ π + = 4.52 ± 0.41 ± 0.26 ± 2.03 × 10 − 4 , B Ξ c + → Σ 0 π + = 1.20 ± 0.08 ± 0.07 ± 0.54 × 10 − 3 .$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to p{K}_S^0\\right)=\\left(7.16\\pm 0.46\\pm 0.20\\pm 3.21\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to \\Lambda {\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(4.52\\pm 0.41\\pm 0.26\\pm 2.03\\right)\\times {10}^{-4},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Sigma}^0{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=\\left(1.20\\pm 0.08\\pm 0.07\\pm 0.54\\right)\\times {10}^{-3}.\\end{array}} $$The first and second uncertainties above are statistical and systematic, respectively, while the third ones arise from the uncertainty in B Ξ c + → Ξ − π + π +$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^{+}\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right) $$.

Abstract We present a study of Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0$$ {\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\pi}^0 $$, Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η$$ {\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0\\eta $$, and Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′$$ {\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\eta}^{\\prime } $$decays using the Belle and Belle II data samples, which have integrated luminosities of 980 fb −1 and 426 fb −1, respectively. We measure the following relative branching fractions B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 / B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + = 0.48 ± 0.02 stat ± 0.03 syst , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η / B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + = 0.11 ± 0.01 stat ± 0.01 syst , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′ / B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π + = 0.08 ± 0.02 stat ± 0.01 syst$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\pi}^0\\right)/\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=0.48\\pm 0.02\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.03\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right),\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0\\eta \\right)/\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=0.11\\pm 0.01\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.01\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right),\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\eta}^{\\prime}\\right)/\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)=0.08\\pm 0.02\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.01\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right)\\end{array}} $$for the first time, where the uncertainties are statistical (stat) and systematic (syst). By multiplying by the branching fraction of the normalization mode, B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π +$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}\\right) $$, we obtain the following absolute branching fraction results B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 = 6.9 ± 0.3 stat ± 0.5 syst ± 1.3 norm × 10 − 3 , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η = 1.6 ± 0.2 stat ± 0.2 syst ± 0.3 norm × 10 − 3 , B Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 η ′ = 1.2 ± 0.3 stat ± 0.1 syst ± 0.2 norm × 10 − 3 ,$$ {\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\pi}^0\\right)=\\left(6.9\\pm 0.3\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.5\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right)\\pm 1.3\\left(\\operatorname{norm}\\right)\\right)\\times {10}^{-3},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0\\eta \\right)=\\left(1.6\\pm 0.2\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.2\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right)\\pm 0.3\\left(\\operatorname{norm}\\right)\\right)\\times {10}^{-3},\\\ {}\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\varXi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\eta}^{\\prime}\\right)=\\left(1.2\\pm 0.3\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.1\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right)\\pm 0.2\\left(\\operatorname{norm}\\right)\\right)\\times {10}^{-3},\\end{array}} $$where the third uncertainties are from B Ξ c 0 → Ξ − π +$$ \\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}\\right) $$. The asymmetry parameter for Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0$$ {\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\pi}^0 $$is measured to be α Ξ c 0 → Ξ 0 π 0 = − 0.90 ± 0.15 stat ± 0.23 syst$$ \\alpha \\left({\\Xi}_c^0\\to {\\Xi}^0{\\pi}^0\\right)=-0.90\\pm 0.15\\left(\\textrm{stat}\\right)\\pm 0.23\\left(\\textrm{syst}\\right) $$.

Biological invasions and climate change are important drivers of biodiversity loss. In freshwater ecosystems, golden and zebra mussels are two highly aggressive invasive species that have caused ecological and economic damages in South and North America, respectively. Here, we used ecological niche models (ENMs) to investigate the invasive potential of golden and zebra mussels in present and future scenarios of global warming in the New World. We found two main patterns in the distribution of suitable areas for golden and zebra mussels. First, the distribution of potentially suitable areas, both in present and future scenarios, is different between mussel species: zebra mussel has areas that are more suitable in temperate regions, while suitable areas for golden mussel are concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions. Second, suitable habitats for golden mussel will increase more in future global warming scenarios compared to suitable habitats for zebra mussel. Indeed, there are experimental indications that zebra mussel has a lower tolerance to high temperatures compared to golden mussel, which is in agreement with our findings. We recommend that the future monitoring of both golden and zebra mussels in the New World should consider areas of highest thermic suitability for current and future scenarios.