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"Ma, Li"
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CURE-SMOTE algorithm and hybrid algorithm for feature selection and parameter optimization based on random forests
Background
The random forests algorithm is a type of classifier with prominent universality, a wide application range, and robustness for avoiding overfitting. But there are still some drawbacks to random forests. Therefore, to improve the performance of random forests, this paper seeks to improve imbalanced data processing, feature selection and parameter optimization.
Results
We propose the CURE-SMOTE algorithm for the imbalanced data classification problem. Experiments on imbalanced UCI data reveal that the combination of Clustering Using Representatives (CURE) enhances the original synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) algorithms effectively compared with the classification results on the original data using random sampling, Borderline-SMOTE1, safe-level SMOTE, C-SMOTE, and k-means-SMOTE. Additionally, the hybrid RF (random forests) algorithm has been proposed for feature selection and parameter optimization, which uses the minimum out of bag (OOB) data error as its objective function. Simulation results on binary and higher-dimensional data indicate that the proposed hybrid RF algorithms, hybrid genetic-random forests algorithm, hybrid particle swarm-random forests algorithm and hybrid fish swarm-random forests algorithm can achieve the minimum OOB error and show the best generalization ability.
Conclusion
The training set produced from the proposed CURE-SMOTE algorithm is closer to the original data distribution because it contains minimal noise. Thus, better classification results are produced from this feasible and effective algorithm. Moreover, the hybrid algorithm's F-value, G-mean, AUC and OOB scores demonstrate that they surpass the performance of the original RF algorithm. Hence, this hybrid algorithm provides a new way to perform feature selection and parameter optimization.
Journal Article
حيوية شينجيانغ
يتناول كتاب (حيوية شينجيانغ) الإنجازات والنتائج المتميزة التي حققتها شينجيانغ منذ عهد الإصلاح والانفتاح تحت قيادة اللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعي الصيني وفي ظل الجهود المشتركة بين كافة القوميات بشينجيانغ معتمدا على التغيير والتنمية التي حظيت بها شينجيانغ في العصر الحديث، وذلك من خلال مجموعة من الجوانب مثل تطور النقل والمواصلات بشينجيانغ والتحضر والزراعة والصناعة والقضايا الاجتماعية والجوانب المعيشية وغيرها، كما استعرض الكتاب الحياة السعيدة التي تمتعت بها كافة قوميات شينجيانغ في ظل العصر الحديث. وهكذا يكون الكتاب قد قدم للقارئ شينجيانغ الحيوية التي تتمتع بالنشاط والعزيمة.
Book
Multi-stable mechanical metamaterials by elastic buckling instability
The mechanical responses of two novel kinds of two-dimensional (2D) mechanical metamaterials containing opposite or parallel snapping curved (U-shaped) segments with elastic snap-through instability mechanism are systematically investigated. Under uniaxial loading, the metamaterials undergo a large deformation caused by stiffness mismatch between snapping (buckling instabilities) and supporting (relative stiffer/thicker) components, exhibiting very small transverse deformation after every snapping. Based on the multi-stable mechanism, phase transformation/shape-reconfiguration and zero Poisson’s ratio are achieved up to large morphological change. Nonlinear mechanical responses including self-recovering snapping and multi-stability enabling snapping behaviors can be generated by tuning the geometric parameters (the relative thickness of the snapping and supporting segments as well as the amplitude of the snapping curved segments). Then topology analysis is carried out to develop the 2D structures to a series of 3D hierarchical configurations from which can be chosen for various engineering conditions with enhanced snapping mechanism. Specifically, multi-stable/shape-reconfigurable tubes and cylinders are designed using the 3D configurations. Besides, one of the 3D metamaterials is developed for functional applications as shock absorber and damper, i.e., the process from fully stretched state to fully compacted state is used to absorb energy and reduce incoming pressure with small stiffness and strength; then the fully compacted metamaterials are used to carry load and attenuate vibration with relative bigger stiffness and strength. This work gives advance to the design, analysis and manufacture of functionally reconfigurable mechanical metamaterials.
Journal Article
New Insights into Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 in Cancer and Metastasis
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the most abundant, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in normal tissues. This lncRNA is highly conserved among mammalian species, and based on in vitro results, has been reported to regulate alternative pre-mRNA splicing and gene expression. However, Malat1 knockout mice develop and grow normally, and do not show alterations in alternative splicing. While MALAT1 was originally described as a prognostic marker of lung cancer metastasis, emerging evidence has linked this lncRNA to other cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioma, and leukemia. The role described for MALAT1 is dependent on the cancer types and the experimental model systems. Notably, different or opposite phenotypes resulting from different strategies for inactivating MALAT1 have been observed, which led to distinct models for MALAT1′s functions and mechanisms of action in cancer and metastasis. In this review, we reflect on different experimental strategies used to study MALAT1′s functions, and discuss the current mechanistic models of this highly abundant and conserved lncRNA.
Journal Article
Tu Youyou's discovery : finding a cure for malaria
\"Tu Youyou had been interested in science and medicine since she was a child, so when malaria started infecting people all over the world in 1969, she went to work finding a treatment. Trained as a medical researcher in college and healed by traditional medicine techniques when she was young, Tu Youyou started experimenting with natural Chinese remedies. The treatment she discovered through years of research and experimentation is still used all over the world today\"-- Provided by publisher
BOOK
Antiviral Effects of Plant-Derived Essential Oils and Their Components: An Updated Review
The presence of resistance to available antivirals calls for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Plant-derived essential oils may serve as alternative sources of virus-induced disease therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated essential oils to be excellent candidates to treat antiviral-resistant infection associated with their chemical complexity which confers broad-spectrum mechanisms of action and non-specific antiviral properties. However, almost no comprehensive reviews are updated to generalize knowledge in this regard and disclose the interplay between the components and their antiviral activities. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the antiviral efficacy of essential oils from a wide range of plant species and their characteristic components, as well as their overall mechanisms of action, focusing on the last decade. The roles of individual components relative to the overall antiviral efficacy of essential oils, together with the antiviral activity of essential oils in comparison with commercial drugs are also discussed. Lastly, the inadequacies in current research and future research are put forward. This review will provide references in the design of new drug prototypes and improve our understanding of the proper applications of essential oils in the future.
Journal Article
Spatial differentiation of productive services and its influencing factors: A case study of Kunming, China
The transition to a service-based economy represents a key global macroeconomic trend, with productive services playing a critical role in driving economic growth. For China, the development of productive services is a strategic priority in its pursuit of high-quality development. Most existing research primarily relies on traditional data to examine the spatial agglomeration and influencing factors of productive services in economically advanced regions, often overlooking the integration of multi-source data and spatial analyses in less developed areas. This study focuses on Kunming as the case study, employing methods such as Standard Deviation Ellipses (SDE), Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), and Local Spatial Autocorrelation (Moran’s I) to investigate its spatial differentiation and agglomeration patterns. Additionally, Geodetector is applied to analyze influencing factors, utilizing multi-source data including Point of Interest(POI), LandScan, the annual China Land Cover Dataset (CLCD), OpenStreetMap (OSM), and socio-economic data to examine the evolutionary patterns of productive services. The findings suggest that Kunming’s productive service sectors currently exhibit a predominant southward diffusion, influenced primarily by transportation infrastructure and economic conditions. Moreover, different categories of productive services exhibit unique spatial differentiation and influencing factors. Moving forward, it is essential to prioritize upgrading the internal structure of productive services to foster sustainable and high-quality sectoral development.
Journal Article