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The digital economy injects new vitality into rural revitalization and new-type urbanization to achieve rural industrial transformation, while the countryside and the city provide the soil for the development of the digital economy. This research establishes the rural revitalization (RR), new-type urbanization (NU), and digital economy (DE) system and uses the coupled coordination degree (CCD) model and obstacle degree (OD) model to study the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and obstacle factors of the composite system in China from 2011 to 2021. The result showed that: (1) the comprehensive development level of the composite systems is on an upward trend year by year, but still shows a low-quality state; (2) the CCD of China’s provinces shows a spatial evolution pattern of high in the east and low in the west; (3) The obstacle factors of the RR, NU, DE subsystem are mainly involved the number of rural doctors and health workers, local financial income per capita and science and technology expenditure, and the digital finance coverage breadth index. These results suggested that Strengthening the synergy between China’s urban-rural integrated development and digital construction in the future hinges upon providing valuable decision-making insights to facilitate the pursuit of regionally differentiated development and the achievement of sustainable development goals.

The digital economy injects new vitality into rural revitalization and new-type urbanization to achieve rural industrial transformation, while the countryside and the city provide the soil for the development of the digital economy. This research establishes the rural revitalization (RR), new-type urbanization (NU), and digital economy (DE) system and uses the coupled coordination degree (CCD) model and obstacle degree (OD) model to study the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and obstacle factors of the composite system in China from 2011 to 2021. The result showed that: (1) the comprehensive development level of the composite systems is on an upward trend year by year, but still shows a low-quality state; (2) the CCD of China's provinces shows a spatial evolution pattern of high in the east and low in the west; (3) The obstacle factors of the RR, NU, DE subsystem are mainly involved the number of rural doctors and health workers, local financial income per capita and science and technology expenditure, and the digital finance coverage breadth index. These results suggested that Strengthening the synergy between China's urban-rural integrated development and digital construction in the future hinges upon providing valuable decision-making insights to facilitate the pursuit of regionally differentiated development and the achievement of sustainable development goals.

In this study, the authors present an event-triggered control scheme for uncertain robot manipulators combined with an adaptive super-twisting algorithm to handle uncertain robot manipulator systems with unknown external uncertainties and disturbances. The proposed controller can ensure the system-tracking performance while also guaranteeing the robust stability of the system. First, an event-triggered adaptive super-twisting control (ETASTC) method for multivariable second-order nonlinear systems is proposed. In addition, unlike the implementation of periodic control, in the event-triggered method, the control signal is updated by the requirement of system stability, thus avoiding the frequent periodic execution of control tasks. Furthermore, through rigorous proof, the Zeno free execution of the triggering sequence is also ensured. Lastly, the proposed method is illustrated through numerical simulation and experimental study, and the results show that the computational cost is saved while also ensuring the desired performance of the robot system.

Human AlkB homolog H5 (ALKBH5) is a primary m6A demethylase, which is dysregulated and acts as a biological and pharmacological role in human cancers or non-cancers. ALKBH5 plays a dual role in various cancers through regulating kinds of biological processes, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis and tumor growth. In addition, it takes a great part in human non-cancer, including reproductive system diseases. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of ALKBH5 that relys on m6A-dependent modification are implicated with long non-coding RNA, cancer stem cell, autophagy and hypoxia. ALKBH5 is also an independent prognostic indicator in various cancers. In this review, we summarized the current evidence on ALKBH5 in diverse human cancers or non-cancers and its potential as a prognostic target.

Let M be an Abelian monoid. A necessary and sufficient condition for the class ArmM of all Armendariz rings relative to M to coincide with the class Arm of all Armendariz rings is given. As a consequence, we prove that ArmM has exactly three cases: the empty set, Arm, and the class of all rings. If N is an Abelian monoid, then we prove that ArmM×N=ArmM⋂ArmN, which gives a partial affirmative answer to the open question of Liu in 2005 (whether R is M×N-Armendariz if R is M-Armendariz and N-Armendariz). We also show that the other Armendariz-like rings relative to an Abelian monoid, such as M-quasi-Armendariz rings, skew M-Armendariz rings, weak M-Armendariz rings, M-π-Armendariz rings, nil M-Armendariz rings, upper nil M-Armendariz rings and lower nil M-Armendariz rings can be handled similarly. Some conclusions on these classes have, therefore, been generalized using these classifications.

Dengue fever is an infectious disease that is imported into Shanghai, China and requires prevention and control measures. Controlling the vector Aedes albopictus through insecticide use is a key approach to dengue control. However, the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance in Ae. albopictus has raised concerns about the failure of dengue control efforts. Knockdown resistance (kdr) caused by point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene is a primary mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. In this study, we investigated the kdr mutations of Ae. albopictus in Shanghai and evaluated the trend in its evolution. We collected 17 populations of Ae. albopictus from 15 districts in Shanghai in 2020, extracted genomic DNA from individual mosquitoes, and amplified Domain II, III, and IV in VGSC using PCR. Following sequencing, we obtained 658 VGSC sequences. We detected the nonsynonymous mutations V1016G, I1532T, and F1534S/C/I, among which V1016G and F1534C/I were reported in Shanghai for the first time and F1534I was a novel mutant allele in Ae. albopictus. The overall mutation frequency was 84.65%, with individual mutation frequencies ranging from 46.81% to 100%, excluding the Fengxian District population, which had a frequency of 0%. The V1016G and I1532T mutation types accounted for 7.14% and 3.42%, respectively. The mutant allele at codon 1534 accounted for 63.98% of all mutations, including TCC/S (62.77%), TGC/C (1.06%), and ATC/I (0.15%). We identified and classified five intron types in Domain III by length, including A (83 bp, 12.07%), B (68 bp, 87.30%), C (80 bp, 0.16%), D (72 bp, 0.16%), and E (70 bp, 0.31%). Individuals with intron B had a significant mutation tendency at codon 1534 relative to intron A (chi-square test, p < 0.0001). We found no correlation between mutation frequency and the amount of pyrethroid used (Pearson correlation, p = 0.4755). In recent years, kdr mutations in the Ae. albopictus population in Shanghai have rapidly evolved, as evidenced by an increase in mutation types and significantly increased mutation frequency. The F1534I/ATC mutant allele was found to be a novel mutation, F1534C/TGC was reported for the first time in Shanghai, and intron B in Domain III was significantly associated with mutation frequency at codon 1534. Continuous monitoring of resistance changes and strict regulation of insecticide use are required.

•Short T2 components in the brain, associated with myelin, are difficult to image due to their relatively short T2 values and low proton density compared to long T2 water.•A 3D double adiabatic inversion recovery-prepared ultrashort echo time (DIR-UTE) sequence was developed for selective whole-brain imaging of short T2 components.•The sequence uses two identical adiabatic inversion pulses with optimized inversion times (TIs) to suppress long T2 signals, followed by 3D UTE acquisition to capture rapidly decaying signals.•In healthy volunteers, DIR-UTE selectively captured short T2 signals, with an estimated T2* of 0.21±0.01 ms in white matter.•Short T2 proton fraction (SPF), a quantitative measure of short T2 components, was significantly higher in normal white matter (5.12±0.57%) than in normal-appearing white matter (4.06±0.61%, P < 0.0001) and MS lesions (2.76±0.78%, P < 0.0001).•SPF was significantly reduced in MS patients (3.42±0.38%) compared to healthy controls (4.01±0.35%, P <0.0001), highlighting its potential as a biomarker for demyelinating diseases. Short T2 components in the brain are uniquely associated with myelin structure, but direct MR imaging is challenging due to their relatively short T2 values and low proton density compared to long T2 water. This study introduces a novel 3D double adiabatic inversion recovery-prepared ultrashort echo time (DIR-UTE) sequence for selective whole-brain imaging of short T2 components. The sequence employs two identical adiabatic inversion pulses with optimized inversion times (TIs) to suppress long T2 signals, followed by a 3D UTE acquisition to capture rapidly decaying signals. Technical feasibility was evaluated using phantoms, six healthy volunteers, and five patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) on a 3T MRI scanner. Short T2 proton fraction (SPF) was measured in white matter, gray matter, MS lesions, and across the whole brain to assess differences in myelin content. Phantom studies confirmed effective suppression of long T2 signals over a wide range of T1 values. In healthy volunteers, DIR-UTE selectively captured short T2 signals, with an estimated T2* of 0.21±0.01 ms in white matter. SPF in normal white matter (5.12±0.57 %) was significantly higher than in normal-appearing white matter (4.06±0.61 %, P < 0.0001) and MS lesions (2.76±0.78 %, P < 0.0001). Similar trends were observed in gray matter. Whole-brain analysis also showed lower average SPF in MS patients (3.42±0.38 %) compared to healthy controls (4.01±0.35 %, P < 0.0001). These results demonstrate the DIR-UTE sequence's ability to suppress long T2 signals and selectively image short T2 components, with SPF emerging as a potential biomarker for demyelinating diseases like MS.

Novel compositional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques have allowed for both the qualitative and quantitative assessments of tissue changes in osteoarthritis, many of which are difficult to characterize on conventional MR imaging. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) and zero echo time (ZTE) MR imaging have not been broadly implemented clinically but have several applications that leverage contrast mechanisms for morphologic evaluation of bone and soft tissue, as well as biochemical assessment in various stages of osteoarthritis progression. Many of the musculoskeletal tissues implicated in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis are short T2 in nature, appearing dark as signal has already decayed to its minimum when image sampling starts. UTE and ZTE MR imaging allow for the qualitative and quantitative assessments of these short T2 tissues (bone, tendon, calcified cartilage, meniscus, and ligament) with both structural and functional reference standards described in the literature [1–3]. This review will describe applications of UTE and ZTE MR imaging in musculoskeletal tissues focusing on its role in knee osteoarthritis. While the review will address tissue-specific applications of these sequences, it is understood that osteoarthritis is a whole joint process with involvement and interdependence of all tissues.Key points• UTE MR imaging allows for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of short T2 tissues (bone, calcified cartilage, and meniscus), enabling identification of both early degenerative changes and subclinical injuries that may predispose to osteoarthritis.• ZTE MR imaging allows for the detection of signal from bone, which has some of the shortest T2 values, and generates tissue contrast similar to CT, potentially obviating the need for CT in the assessment of osseous features of osteoarthritis.

Background The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) was developed to reduce the effects of long-term chronic glycemic factors on stress hyperglycemia levels, which was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the postoperative SHR index and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods Data for this study were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients were categorized into four groups based on postoperative SHR index quartiles. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality, while the secondary outcomes included in-hospital, 90-day and 360-day all-cause mortality. The SHR index was analyzed using quartiles, and Kaplan–Meier curves were generated to compare outcomes across groups. Cox proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to assess the relationship between the SHR index and the outcomes. LASSO regression was used for feature selection. Six machine learning algorithms were used to predict in-hospital all-cause mortality and were further extended to predict 360-day all-cause mortality. The SHapley Additive exPlanations method was used for visualizing model characteristics and individual case predictions. Results A total of 3,848 participants were included in the study, with a mean age of 68 ± 12 years and female participants comprised 30.6% (1,179). Higher postoperative SHR index levels were associated with an increased risk of in-hospital, 90-day and 360-day all-cause mortality as shown by Kaplan–Meier curves (log-rank P  < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that the highest postoperative SHR quartile was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality at these time points ( P  < 0.05). RCS analysis demonstrated nonlinear relationships between the postoperative SHR index and all-cause mortality (P for nonlinear < 0.05). The Naive Bayes model achieves the highest area under the curve (AUC) for predicting both in-hospital mortality (0.7936) and 360-day all-cause mortality (0.7410). Conclusion In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, higher postoperative SHR index levels were significantly associated with increased risk of in-hospital, 90-day and 360-day all-cause mortality. The SHR index may serve as a valid tool for assessing the severity after cardiac surgery and guiding treatment decisions.

Background Hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is inevitable in complicated liver surgery and is a major factor leading to postoperative complications and liver dysfunction. Studies have shown that the paracrine mechanisms of stem cell may be essential to tissue repair and functional improvement after transplantation. However, the role of the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome (ASC-secretome) in liver regeneration in large animals remains to be determined. Methods Twenty-four miniature pigs were subjected to laparoscopic liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined with partial hepatectomy and divided into the following four groups: the saline group, the DMEM group, the ASC group and the ASC-secretome group. Serum and liver tissue samples were collected before the operation and at 1, 3 and 7 days after the operation, and changes in tissue pathology, serum inflammation, liver function, angiogenesis-related factors and liver tissue regeneration-related genes and proteins were evaluated. Results Detailed histological analysis showed that ASCs and the ASC-secretome changed pathological damage to liver tissue after liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined with partial hepatectomy (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01). Compared with the saline and DMEM control groups, the ASC-secretome group had significantly reduced expression levels of ALP (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.05), ALT (1 day: p  < 0.01; 3 days: p  < 0.05) and AST (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01), which promoted the recovery of liver function. Moreover, detection of the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β (1 day: p  < 0.01; 3 days: p  < 0.05), IL-6 (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.05) and IL-10 (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01) in serum confirmed that the ASC-secretome had obvious anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, the ASC-secretome increased the expression levels of ANG-1 (3 days: p  < 0.01), ANG-2 (3 and 7 days: p  < 0.01) and VEGF (1 and 7 days: p  < 0.05; 3 days: p  < 0.01) and promoted angiogenesis during liver regeneration. Moreover, it promoted the mRNA expression of HGF and Cyclin D1 (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01); increased the levels of p-STAT3 (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01), PCNA and Ki67 (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01; 7 days: p  < 0.05); inhibited the negative feedback of SOCS3 (1 and 3 days: p  < 0.01); and decreased the mRNA expression of TGF-β (3 days: p  < 0.01). The cytokines and growth factors detected in the ASC-secretome included TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, ANG-1, ANG-2, VEGF and b-FGF. Conclusion The ASC-secretome alleviates the inflammatory response induced by ischaemia-reperfusion combined with partial hepatectomy in miniature pigs and promotes liver regeneration.