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"Ma, Yang"
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Estrogen and estrogen receptors in kidney diseases
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are posing great threats to global health within this century. Studies have suggested that estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) play important roles in many physiological processes in the kidney. For instance, they are crucial in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and modulating endothelin-1 (ET-1) system in the kidney. Estrogen takes part in the kidney repair and regeneration via its receptors. Estrogen also participates in the regulation of phosphorus homeostasis via its receptors in the proximal tubule. The ERα polymorphisms have been associated with the susceptibilities and outcomes of several renal diseases. As a consequence, the altered or dysregulated estrogen/ERs signaling pathways may contribute to a variety of kidney diseases, including various causes-induced AKI, diabetic kidney disease (DKD), lupus nephritis (LN), IgA nephropathy (IgAN), CKD complications, etc. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that targeting estrogen/ERs signaling pathways might have protective effects against certain renal disorders. However, many unsolved problems still exist in knowledge regarding the roles of estrogen and ERs in distinct kidney diseases. Further research is needed to shed light on this area and to enable the discovery of pathway-specific therapies for kidney diseases.
Journal Article
عقيدتي والآخر : \حكايات مسلمي هونغ كونغ\ : نثر
يتخذ هذا الكتاب مسلمي هونغ كونغ كخط أساسيا، حيث يصف مساجدهم ومنازلهم وأعيادهم وحياتهم اليومية وأسلوب معيشتهم، كما يناقش أيضا بعض الاختلافات بين مسلمي هونغ كونغ وسكان البر الرئيس للصين، ويلقي الضوء على عدد من مشاكلهم التي تسببها الاختلافات الثقافية والعرقية، وذلك عن طريق بعض الخواطر النثرية لهذا الكاتب الذي قضى بضع سنوات من حياته في هونغ كونغ.
Book
Multifunctional antiferromagnetic materials with giant piezomagnetism and noncollinear spin current
We propose a new type of spin-valley locking (SVL), named
C-
paired SVL, in antiferromagnetic systems, which directly connects the spin/valley space with the real space, and hence enables both static and dynamical controls of spin and valley to realize a multifunctional antiferromagnetic material. The new emergent quantum degree of freedom in the
C-
paired SVL is comprised of spin-polarized valleys related by a crystal symmetry instead of the time-reversal symmetry. Thus, both spin and valley can be accessed by simply breaking the corresponding crystal symmetry. Typically, one can use a strain field to induce a large net valley polarization/magnetization and use a charge current to generate a large noncollinear spin current. We predict the realization of the
C
-paired SVL in monolayer V
2
Se
2
O, which indeed exhibits giant piezomagnetism and can generate a large transverse spin current. Our findings provide unprecedented opportunities to integrate various controls of spin and valley with nonvolatile information storage in a single material, which is highly desirable for versatile fundamental research and device applications.
Quantum degrees of freedom, such as spin or valleys, lie at the basis of many intriguing phenomena. In this theory work, the authors present a new type of spin-valley locking enabled by a crystalline symmetry, which allows for the generation of valley polarizations and net magnetization via strain, and non-collinear spin currents via charge currents.
Journal Article
شينجيانغ جسر آسيا وأوربا
يجمع الكتاب بين النصوص والصور، ويستعرض الكتاب صورة انفتاح شينجيانغ على العالم استعراضا حيا استنادا على مجموعة كبيرة من الأمثلة الحية والبيانات التفصيلية، ويتناول الكتاب بصورة شاملة كيفية استغلال شينجيانغ لمزاياها الإقليمية، كما يعرض الكتاب دور شينجيانغ الكبير باعتبارها جسر التواصل بين آسيا وأوروبا من خلال معارضها وموانيها وجذب رؤوس الأموال والتعاون وغيرها من الأشكال، وبالتالي حققت طفرة اقتصادية كبيرة.
Book
Quark and gluon contents of a lepton at high energies
A
bstract
In high-energy leptonic collisions, such as at a multi-TeV muon collider, the collinear splittings of the electroweak (EW) gauge bosons and leptons are the dominant phenomena, and the scattering processes should thus be formulated in terms of the EW parton distribution functions (EW PDFs). We complete this formalism in the Standard Model to include the QCD sector and evaluate the quark and gluon PDFs inside a lepton at the double-log accuracy. The splittings of the photon and subsequently the quarks and gluons control the quark/gluon PDFs below the EW scale. The massive gauge bosons lead to substantial contributions at high scales. The jet production cross section can reach the order of a few nb (50 pb) in
e
+
e
−
(
μ
+
μ
−
) collisions, at the TeV c.m. energies with a moderate acceptance cut, that governs the overall event shape up to about
p
T
j
∼ 60 GeV. To complete the picture, we also provide an estimation of the total cross section for the photon-induced hadronic production at low partonic energies, which can reach the level of one hundred or a few tens of nb in high-energy electron or muon collisions.
Journal Article
ثراء شينجيانغ
يعتبر ظهور الأدوات البرونزية قفزة مهمة في تاريخ الحضارة الإنسانية. وعلي الرغم من أن العصر البرونزي في الصين لم يكن الأول في تاريخ البشرية، ولكن الأدوات البرونزية في الصين القديمة قد احتلت مكانة فريدة في تاريخ الحضارة العالمية اعتمادا علي أنواعها المتنوعة وأنماطها الغنية وعملية السبك الدقيقة والدلالة التاريخية والثقافية العميقة التي يحملها كل عمل برونزي في الصين القديمة. وهذا الكتاب الذي بين يدي القارئ الكريم يعرفن بلغة واضحة وحية وبالشرح والصور على أحد اوجه الثقافة والفنون الصينية الشهيرة والتي هي ثقافة البرونز الرائعة في الصين القديمة ، فمن خلال قطعة من القطع البرونزية الثمينة يمكننا أن نستمع إلي صوت العصر البرونزي من أماكن بعيدة وتجربة أسلوب فريد من نوعه في ذلك العصر الذي مازالت أسراره بعيدة عن متناول القارئ العربي والتي نحاول من خلال هذا الكتاب أن نقدمها بشكل موجز وواضح لننقل للقارئ الكريم وجها جديدا عليه من أوجه الحضارة الصينية المتميزة.
Book
Postnatal treatment and evolution patterns of giant fetal hepatic hemangioma: a case series of 29 patients
Objectives
To explore the clinical characteristics, postnatal treatment and prognosis of giant fetal hepatic hemangioma (GFHH).
Method
Retrospective analysis was performed on children with giant fetal hepatic hemangioma (maximum tumor diameter > 40 mm) diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and MRI from December 2016 to December 2020. These patients were observed and treated at the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University after birth. The clinical data were collected to analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of GFHH using independent sample t tests or Fisher’s exact tests.
Results
Twenty-nine patients who were detected by routine ultrasound in the second and third trimester of pregnancy with giant fetal hepatic hemangiomas were included. The first prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of gestational age was 34.0 ± 4.3 weeks, ranging from 22 to 39 weeks. Of the patients, 28 had focal GFHHs and 1 had multifocal GFHHs. Surgery was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically in two patients. There were 8 cases with echocardiography-based evidence of pulmonary hypertension, 11 cases had a cardiothoracic ratio > 0.6, and 4 cases had hepatic arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The median follow-up time was 37 months (range: 14–70 months). During the follow-up, 12 patients received medical treatment with propranolol as the first-line therapy. The treatment group had a higher ratio of cardiothoracic ratio > 0.6 (
P
= 0.022) and lower albumin levels (
P
= 0.018). Four (14.8%) lesions showed postnatal growth before involuting. Complete response was observed in 13 (13/29) patients, and partial response was observed in 16 (16/29) patients.
Conclusions
Fetal giant hepatic hemangioma is mainly localized, and its clinical outcome conforms to RICH (rapidly involuting) and PICH (partially involuting), but some fetal giant hepatic hemangiomas will continue to grow after birth and then gradually decrease. For uncomplicated giant fetal hepatic hemangioma, postnatal follow-up is the main concern, while those with complications require aggressive medical treatment. Propranolol may have no effect on the volume change of GFHH.
Journal Article
Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Nano Copper Oxide- Loaded Zeolite 10X
Copper oxide nanosheet-loaded zeolite 10X nanocomposites (CuO-zeolite NCs) were successfully prepared by modifying zeolite 10X with CuSO4 aqueous solution. The formation of copper oxide nanosheets on the surface of zeolite 10X was observed by SEM. The thickness of CuO nanosheets was about 30–40 nm, and the width ranged from 200 nm to 300 nm. The XRD patterns showed that the new diffraction peaks of copper oxide appeared at 35.6° and 38.8°. According to the XPS results, the Cu 2p3/2 and Cu 2p1/2 peaks in CuO-zeolite NC were centered at 934.1 eV and 953.8 eV, which could be attributed to Cu(II). The EDS analysis revealed that the energy spectra of calcium gradually decreased as the copper ion concentration increased during the preparation of CuO-zeolite NCs. Meanwhile, the energy spectra of copper increased gradually, and the highest content of copper in CuO-zeolite NCs reached 22.35 wt.%. The BET surface areas of zeolite 10X and CuO-zeolite NCs were 587 and 363 m2/g, respectively, based on the N2 adsorption–desorption experiment. The antibacterial activities of CuO-zeolite NC were evaluated using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The antibacterial activities were related to both copper ion content in CuO-zeolite NCs and the particle size of copper oxide. The results showed that nano CuO-loaded zeolite 10X inhibited the activity of E. coli and S. aureus. CuO-zeolite NCs are expected to be further used in antifouling coating.
Journal Article