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"Mack, Michael"
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Cake & I scream! : ... being bossy isn't sweet
Cake tells about his friend, Ice Cream, who tries to get his way by being bossy and loud, only to find out that is a good way to lose friends.
Book
Menstrual cycle and perceived stress predict performance on the mnemonic similarity task
A growing body of literature demonstrates strong effects of ovarian hormones on the hippocampus and adjacent structures. However, resulting impacts on human cognition remain unclear. Addressing this gap, we examine pattern separation ability, a core hippocampal process, across the menstrual cycle using the mnemonic similarity task as a behavioral index (N = 183). We find a non-linear effect of the menstrual cycle, with pattern separation performance peaking in the high-estradiol, late follicular phase and reaching its lowest point during the mid-luteal phase, which is characterized by moderate estradiol and high progesterone levels. Additionally, we find that perceived stress may facilitate pattern separation performance. These results point to the importance of ovarian hormones for human cognition, reveal novel effects of perceived stress on mnemonic similarity task performance, and provide preliminary evidence of possible effects of menstrual cycle phase on neural pathways involved in pattern separation.
Journal Article
Art museums into the 21st century
Item consists mainly of interviews with architects of recent (1990s) museum buildings: Frank O. Gehry (Guggenheim Museum Bilbao), Jacques Herzog (Museum of Modern Art, New York and Tate Gallery of Modern Art), Richard Meier (Getty Center, Los Angeles), Rafael Moneo (Moderna and Arkitektur Museet, Stockholm), Jean Nouvel (Culture and Congress Centre Lucerne), Renzo Piano (Museum for the Fondation Beyeler, Basel) and Peter Zumthor (Kunsthaus Bregenz)
Book
Ventromedial prefrontal cortex compression during concept learning
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is thought to support the ability to focus on goal-relevant information by filtering out irrelevant information, a process akin to dimensionality reduction. Here, we test this dimensionality reduction hypothesis by relating a data-driven approach to characterizing the complexity of neural representation with a theoretically-supported computational model of learning. We find evidence of goal-directed dimensionality reduction within human ventromedial PFC during learning. Importantly, by using computational predictions of each participant’s attentional strategies during learning, we find that that the degree of neural compression predicts an individual’s ability to selectively attend to concept-specific information. These findings suggest a domain-general mechanism of learning through compression in ventromedial PFC.
Efficient learning is akin to goal-directed dimensionality reduction, in which relevant information is highlighted and irrelevant input is ignored. Here, the authors show that ventromedial prefrontal cortex uniquely supports such learning by compressing neural codes to represent goal-specific information.
Journal Article
Jessica Jones. 3, Return of the Purple Man
Jessica Jones is many things: private investigator, defender, survivor, mother. But when the most terrifying villain she's ever faced come back into her life, Jessica finds herself reliving her worst nightmare. The only thing worse than being stalked by the evil incarnate that is the Purple Man... is being stalked by the evil incarnate that is the Purple Man when you have a small child! As Killgrave finds new ways to torment his former pawn, he wreaks havoc across the Marvel Universe. But what curious thing does he want from Jessica this time? Never in the history of Marvel Comics has a horror so true and all-encompassing found its way to the door of one of our heroes. How can Jessica Jones and her family possibly survive it?
Book
Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients at Five Years
A previous analysis in this trial showed that among patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis who were at low surgical risk, the rate of the composite end point of death, stroke, or rehospitalization at 1 year was significantly lower with transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) than with surgical aortic-valve replacement. Longer-term outcomes are unknown.
We randomly assigned patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis and low surgical risk to undergo either TAVR or surgery. The first primary end point was a composite of death, stroke, or rehospitalization related to the valve, the procedure, or heart failure. The second primary end point was a hierarchical composite that included death, disabling stroke, nondisabling stroke, and the number of rehospitalization days, analyzed with the use of a win ratio analysis. Clinical, echocardiographic, and health-status outcomes were assessed through 5 years.
A total of 1000 patients underwent randomization: 503 patients were assigned to undergo TAVR, and 497 to undergo surgery. A component of the first primary end point occurred in 111 of 496 patients in the TAVR group and in 117 of 454 patients in the surgery group (Kaplan-Meier estimates, 22.8% in the TAVR group and 27.2% in the surgery group; difference, -4.3 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -9.9 to 1.3; P = 0.07). The win ratio for the second primary end point was 1.17 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.51; P = 0.25). The Kaplan-Meier estimates for the components of the first primary end point were as follows: death, 10.0% in the TAVR group and 8.2% in the surgery group; stroke, 5.8% and 6.4%, respectively; and rehospitalization, 13.7% and 17.4%. The hemodynamic performance of the valve, assessed according to the mean (±SD) valve gradient, was 12.8±6.5 mm Hg in the TAVR group and 11.7±5.6 mm Hg in the surgery group. Bioprosthetic-valve failure occurred in 3.3% of the patients in the TAVR group and in 3.8% of those in the surgery group.
Among low-risk patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis who underwent TAVR or surgery, there was no significant between-group difference in the two primary composite outcomes. (Funded by Edwards Lifesciences; PARTNER 3 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02675114.).
Journal Article
Jessica Jones. 2, The secrets of Maria Hill
\"Jessica Jones is back where she belongs... taking on cases as Alias Investigations! But as the most dangerous book on the stands digs even deeper into the new mysteries of the Marvel Universe, Jessica has uncovered a truly startling secret. Is this case too hot for even her? Will it shatter everything she has built for herself? Can she put the pieces of her life back together... or is it already too late?\"--Amazon.com.
Book
Dynamic updating of hippocampal object representations reflects new conceptual knowledge
Concepts organize the relationship among individual stimuli or events by highlighting shared features. Often, new goals require updating conceptual knowledge to reflect relationships based on different goal-relevant features. Here, our aim is to determine how hippocampal (HPC) object representations are organized and updated to reflect changing conceptual knowledge. Participants learned two classification tasks in which successful learning required attention to different stimulus features, thus providing a means to index how representations of individual stimuli are reorganized according to changing task goals. We used a computational learning model to capture how people attended to goal-relevant features and organized object representations based on those features during learning. Using representational similarity analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, we demonstrate that neural representations in left anterior HPC correspond with model predictions of concept organization. Moreover, we show that during early learning, when concept updating is most consequential, HPC is functionally coupled with prefrontal regions. Based on these findings, we propose that when task goals change, object representations in HPC can be organized in new ways, resulting in updated concepts that highlight the features most critical to the new goal.
Journal Article
Kennedy in Berlin, 50th anniversary : the German trip in 1963
\"Few events from recent German history are so deeply engraved in the country's collective memory as John F. Kennedy's visit in 1963. At the behest of the illustrated magazine Quick, the Hamburg photographer Ulrich Mack accompanied the entire trip with his camera. His photographs are important historical documents, reflecting the emotional atmosphere of those four days in June. Marking the 50th anniversary of the event, this book presents the best pictures from Mack's largely unpublished coverage\"--P. [4] of cover.
Book
Five-Year Follow-up after Transcatheter Repair of Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Transcatheter repair of secondary mitral regurgitation was associated with a lower rate of hospitalization for heart failure and lower all-cause mortality than medical therapy at 5 years of follow-up.
Journal Article