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"Madhuri Reddy"
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Healing Wounds, Healthy Skin
Seven million Americans suffer from chronic or slow-healing wounds-this number includes people with diabetes, dementia, paralysis, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and poor circulation, as well as the elderly and those with reduced mobility.Healing Wounds, Healthy Skinprovides patients and caregivers with everything they need to know on the subject, including: •Why chronic wounds develop and who is at risk of developing them•What \"normal healing\" is•What the different types of wounds are, including those associated with chronic disease•How to find appropriate care and get a correct diagnosis•What role exercise and nutrition play in treatment and prevention•What treatment options are available, from surgery to alternative therapies
Also covered are the patients' psychological and emotional experiences, myths about wounds and wound healing, steps to take in an emergency, and a wound patient's bill of rights. With up-to-date information, insightful patient case histories, and a wealth of essential resources, this is the book that chronic wound patients and their caregivers can turn to with confidence.
eBook
Waste Management using AI: Optimizing Sustainability through Innovation
There has been an increasing need for effective, sustainable, and scalable waste management systems due to the rapid increase in global waste generation. This comprehensive review intersects Artificial Intelligence (AI) with municipal solid waste management (MSWM) through the lens of 25 selected publications from the years 2018 to 2024. The review illustrates how AI has transformed waste forecasting, smart bin monitoring, route optimization, robotic waste sorting, and real-time decision making. In examining the core AI techniques machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, and hybrid models, the review places these techniques within the context of the waste life cycle—beginning with generation, through processing, to disposal. Moreover, it looks at integrated frameworks like SWM 4.0 where AI is combined with Industry 4.0 technologies, including the IoT, big data, and even blockchain. The results stress AI's ability to optimize operational activities, mitigate negative environmental effects, and facilitate concrete policy decisions. However, issues related to data quality, system incompatibility, and ethics pose challenges to realizing such opportunities. This review evaluates existing research on AI-based smart systems and sets forth a research agenda aimed at advancing circular economy objectives and fostering sustainable urban frameworks.
Journal Article
Evidence-based geriatric medicine
The latest addition to the Evidence-Based Book series, Evidence-Based Geriatric Medicine provides non-geriatrician clinicians an overview of key topics central to the care of the older patient. This guide focuses on the management of common problems in the elderly taking into account their life situations as well as treatment of specific conditions. Leading geriatricians with expertise in evidence-based medicine utilize the best available evidence and present this information in a concise, easy-to-use, question-based format. Evidence-Based Geriatric Medicine is a unique guide to the optimum management of older patients.
eBook
The effectiveness of pressure ulcer risk assessment instruments and associated intervention protocols remains uncertain
Methods The study set out to ascertain four things: (1) whether the use of risk assessment tools was effective in reducing the incidence or severity of pressure ulcers; (2) whether the effectiveness of these risk assessment tools varied according to setting of care or patient characteristics; (3) the effectiveness of a variety of preventive interventions in at-risk patients and (4) whether there is any evidence of harms associated with these preventive interventions. Commentary The findings are largely consistent with those of other systematic reviews, that is, there is some evidence that advanced static support surfaces are associated with decreased risk for pressure ulcers compared with standard hospital mattresses; and that there is limited evidence for the effectiveness of dynamic support surfaces and other preventive interventions. 1 This review has limitations: non-English language articles were excluded, publication bias could not be formally assessed, and many included studies had important methodological shortcomings.
Journal Article
Frequency of 6-week follow-up appointment scheduling after intrauterine device insertion
IntroductionLong-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is widely recommended to reduce unintended pregnancy in the USA. As intrauterine device (IUD) use increases, evaluating the role of post-insertion follow-up is important.MethodsA retrospective patient record review was conducted to assess the follow-up experience of women who had an IUD placed at the University of Kansas Medical Center from 1 January to 30 June 2015. Data were collected on patient demographics, IUD placement, follow-up visit attendance, and outcomes in the 12 months following placement. The primary outcome of interest was the proportion of patients who attended a 6-week follow-up visit. Secondary outcomes included adverse events detected at the 6-week visit and IUD removal within a year of placement.ResultsAmong 380 women who had an IUD inserted, physician documentation of a recommended 6-week follow-up visit was present in 91.3% of patient medical records. Two-thirds (66.6%) of patients receiving a recommendation returned for a follow-up visit. Of the 380 women who had an IUD placed, 66 (17.4%) had their IUD removed within 1 year of placement. Of those, 50 women attended the 6-week follow-up visit and 16 did not (19.8% vs 12.6%, p=0.08). Of the IUD removals, 14 occurred at the 6-week visit. After excluding IUD removals which occurred at the 6-week visit, attending a 6-week follow-up visit was not associated with IUD removal or retention (p=0.52).ConclusionDespite recommendations to forgo the 6-week follow-up visit, visits were still common, with no demonstrated value added.
Journal Article
Pressure Ulcers: Evidence-Based Prevention and Management
There is limited good-quality research focused on the prevention and management of pressure ulcers. Current available evidence reveals that the following approaches may help to prevent pressure ulcers: the use of support surfaces such as specialized foam and specialized sheepskin overlays, mattress overlays on operating tables, consultation with a dietician to ensure adequate general nutrition, but it is not known whether any specific supplementation is useful, and moisturizing dry sacral skin. For management of existing pressure ulcers, it is unknown whether any specific support surface or dressing is preferable to any others; whether routine nutritional supplementation is beneficial, or if adjunctive therapies improve healing compared with standard care. Current evidence shows that the presence of increasing pain may make infection of a chronic wound more likely. There may be individuals for whom pressure ulcers are unavoidable. Risk assessment tools may be useful for identifying individuals at high risk for developing pressure ulcers.
Journal Article
Reduced fitness and abnormal cardiopulmonary responses to maximal exercise testing in children and young adults with sickle cell anemia
Physiologic contributors to reduced exercise capacity in individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are not well understood. The objective of this study was to characterize the cardiopulmonary response to maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and determine factors associated with reduced exercise capacity among children and young adults with SCA. A cross‐sectional cohort of 60 children and young adults (mean 15.1 ± 3.4 years) with hemoglobin SS or S/β0 thalassemia and 30 matched controls (mean 14.6 ± 3.5 years) without SCA or sickle cell trait underwent maximal CPET by a graded, symptom‐limited cycle ergometry protocol with breath‐by‐breath, gas exchange analysis. Compared to controls without SCA, subjects with SCA demonstrated significantly lower peak VO2 (26.9 ± 6.9 vs. 37.0 ± 9.2 mL/kg/min, P < 0.001). Subjects demonstrated slower oxygen uptake (ΔVO2/ΔWR, 9 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 2 mL/min/watt, P < 0.001) and lower oxygen pulse (ΔVO2/ΔHR, 12 ± 4 vs. 20 ± 7 mL/beat, P < 0.001) as well as reduced oxygen uptake efficiency (ΔVE/ΔVO2, 42 ± 8 vs. 32 ± 5, P < 0.001) and ventilation efficiency (ΔVE/ΔVCO2, 30.3 ± 3.7 vs. 27.3 ± 2.5, P < 0.001) during CPET. Peak VO2 remained significantly lower in subjects with SCA after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin, which were independent predictors of peak VO2 for subjects with SCA. In the largest study to date using maximal CPET in SCA, we demonstrate that children and young adults with SCA have reduced exercise capacity attributable to factors independent of anemia. Complex derangements in gas exchange and oxygen uptake during maximal exercise are common in this population. Physiologic contributors to reduced exercise capacity in individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are not well understood. In this study of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing in SCA, we demonstrate that children and young adults with SCA have reduced exercise capacity attributable to factors independent of anemia. Complex derangements in gas exchange and oxygen uptake during maximal exercise are also common in this population.
Journal Article
Healing Wounds, healthy skin: a comprehensive guide for patients with diabetes, dementia, or paralysis and their caregivers
The first comprehensive, accessible, authoritative guide on chronic wounds and how best to treat them Seven million Americans suffer from chronic or slow-healing wounds-this number includes people with diabetes, dementia, paralysis, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and poor circulation, as well as the elderly and those with reduced mobility. Healing Wounds, Healthy Skin provides patients and caregivers with everything they need to know on the subject, including:Why chronic wounds develop and who is at risk of developing themWhat \"normal healing\" isWhat the different types of wounds are, including those associated with chronic diseaseHow to find appropriate care and get a correct diagnosisWhat role exercise and nutrition play in treatment and preventionWhat treatment options are available, from surgery to alternative therapiesAlso covered are the patients' psychological and emotional experiences, myths about wounds and wound healing, steps to take in an emergency, and a wound patient's bill of rights. With up-to-date information, insightful patient case histories, and a wealth of essential resources, this is the book that chronic wound patients and their caregivers can turn to with confidence.
eBook