Explore the vast range of titles available.

Background Postoperative pain is one of the problems in which a lack of adequate controls can cause many complications. Duloxetine is a potent serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) prescribed for the treatment of depression, chronic pain, neuropathy, and recently early postoperative pain. Results The results showed that the effect of duloxetine on the onset and duration of the spinal anesthesia was statistically non-significant ( P = 0.067 and P = 0.21) respectively; also, duloxetine delayed the time to the first dose of rescue analgesia request (479.71 ± 50.32 vs 218.29 ± 12.48) ( P < 0.001) and maintained VAS score in the lower range in comparison to control group ( P = 0.001) with less frequency and total morphine consumption (4.2 ± 2.08 vs 10.37 ± 1.52) ( P < 0.001) up to 24 h. No significant differences in adverse effects. Conclusions A single dose of 60 mg duloxetine orally 2 h before arthroscopic ACL repair provided better postoperative pain control and decreased total morphine consumption without affecting the duration of spinal anesthesia.

Anatolian rug designs are known to have a number of historical and aesthetic values. They certainly constitute a large portion of the body of existing oriental carpets. This study assumes that through an analytical investigation of their space; it will be easier for scholars to appreciate and comprehend the Anatolian rugs in relation to their relevant layout, which will enable making new rug layouts with similar aesthetic values. Through a studious analysis of symbols used in Anatolian rugs, and comparing the use of space in the Anatolian and contemporary rug, a better understanding can be achieved of the sense and taste of aesthetics and ratio to spacing that would help predict the changes in carpet and rug spacing, so that new rug and carpet spacing methods can be introduced in a way that appeals to consumers. This study aims to analyze the layout of Anatolian rugs in accordance to design basics; to help designers to better understand and develop rug layouts in a systematic way. Along with studying the layouts, the focal standpoint of this study undergoes an artistic analysis of oriental rugs, covering discussions in various original studies and data sources. Furthermore, the research aims to further explore the motives related to the design and development of these rugs. The present study has managed to position symbols according to rug layouts and according to historical arrangement, considering time they started to realize according to the design basics, using the theoretical and analytical methodology available. This makes the exploration and discovery of the relation between Anatolian rugs layouts development throughout history very straightforward.\"

This research is an attempt to produce fabrics used in heart prostheses (vascular), one textile material was employed in this research that is textured polyester and woven construction used in producing all samples ,using double weave structure, produced samples were treated with Chitosan. Different parameters were studied including, the fabric structure, warp and weft set. Some more results were reached concerning structures and materials for example all samples have achieved the expected results for end uses.

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition is considered a promising target for cancer treatment for its crucial role in cell cycle regulation. Pyrazolo pyrimidine derivatives were well established for their antitumor activity via CDK2 inhibition. In this research, new series of pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives (4-15) was designed and synthesised as novel CDK2 inhibitors. The anti-proliferative activities against MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG-2 were used to evaluate their anticancer activity as novel CDK2 inhibitors. Most of the compounds showed superior cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HCT-116 compared to Sorafenib. Only compounds 8, 14, and 15 showed potent activity against HepG-2. The CDK2/cyclin A2 enzyme inhibitory activity was tested for all synthesised compounds. Compound 15 showed the most significant inhibitory activity with IC 50 0.061 ± 0.003 µM. It exerted remarkable alteration in Pre G1 and S phase cell cycle progression and caused apoptosis in HCT cells. In addition, the normal cell line cytotoxicity for compound 15 was assigned revealing low cytotoxic results in normal cells rather than cancer cells. Molecular docking was achieved on the designed compounds and confirmed the two essential hydrogen binding with Leu83 in CDK2 active site. In silico ADMET studies and drug-likeness showed proper pharmacokinetic properties which helped in structure requirements prediction for the observed antitumor activity.

SummaryTwo novel chemotherapeutic chalcones were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by different spectral tools. Theoretical studies such as molecular modeling were done to detect the mechanism of action of these compounds. In vitro cytotoxicity showed a strong effect against all tested cell lines (MCF7, A459, HepG2, and HCT116), and low toxic effect against normal human melanocytes (HFB4). The lung carcinoma cell line was chosen for further molecular studies. Real-time PCR demonstrated that the two compounds upregulated gene expression of (BAX, p53, casp-3, casp-8, casp-9) genes and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes bcl2, CDK4, and MMP1. Flow-cytometry indicated that cell cycle arrest of A459 was induced at the G2/M phase and the apoptotic percentage increased significantly compared to the control sample. Cytochrome c oxidase and VEGF enzyme activity were detected by ELISA assay. SEM tool was used to follow the morphological changes that occurred on the cell surface, cell granulation, and average roughness of the cell surface. The change in the number and morphology of mitochondria, cell shrinkage, increase in the number of cytoplasmic organelles, membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and apoptotic bodies were observed using TEM. The obtained data suggested that new chalcones exerted their pathways on lung carcinoma through induction of two pathways of apoptosis.

The Bcl-2 protein has a vital function in controlling the programmed cell doom of mitochondria. If programmed cell death signals are obstructed, an imbalance between cell survival and death will occur, which is a significant reason for cancer. Therefore, the Bcl-2 protein was identified as a possible therapeutic target for carcinoma treatment. Herein, the Natural Products Atlas (NPAtlas) compounds were virtually screened, seeking potent inhibitors towards the Bcl-2 protein. The performance of AutoDock Vina software to predict the docking score and pose of the investigated compounds was first validated according to the available experimental data. Based on the validated AutoDock Vina parameters, the NPAtlas database was filtered against the Bcl-2 protein. The natural compounds with docking scores less than that of the venetoclax (calc. −10.6 kcal/mol) were submitted to MD simulations, followed by MM-GBSA binding energy calculations. According to MM-GBSA//200 ns MD simulations, saquayamycin F (NPA002200) demonstrated promising binding affinity with a ΔGbinding value of −53.9 kcal/mol towards the Bcl-2 protein when compared to venetoclax (ΔGbinding = −50.6 kcal/mol). The energetical and structural analyses showed a great constancy of the saquayamycin F inside the Bcl-2 protein active site. Moreover, the ADMET and drug-likeness features of the saquayamycin F were anticipated, indicating its good oral bioavailability. According to in silico computations, saquayamycin F is proposed to be used as a therapeutic agent against the wild-type Bcl-2 protein and warrants further experimental assays.

The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S . Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S . Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes ( AMY2A , PNLIP and CCK ). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC -2, FABP 2, IL-10 , IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S . Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent.

Biodiesel is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. However, biodiesel’s economic feasibility for mass-production remains a challenge. This study investigates the use of cement kiln dust (CKD) waste as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of a mixed oil made from unrefined palm oil and waste cooking oil (WCO) to increase the cost-effectiveness. To enhance the activity of the CKD, it was treated at optimized conditions of 850 °C for 2 h. The optimal blend (60 wt% WCO) for transesterification using CKD was determined through a comparative analysis of different ratios. The WCO was first upgraded through acid-catalyzed esterification to reduce free fatty acids < 1%. The effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst loading, and methanol-to-oil ratio on biodiesel using CKD were studied using a full factorial 2 n design and response surface methodology. Optimized combinations of reaction parameters were presented that give near complete conversion, which is much higher compared to the literature. These combinations can work under different manufacturing or market challenges. The produced biodiesel meets ASTM standards. This work demonstrates the potential for using low-value waste as a catalyst and low-value raw materials for biodiesel production and highlights the importance of optimizing process parameters for economic viability.

Data transmission of Virtual Reality (VR) plays an important role in delivering a powerful VR experience. This increasing demand on both high bandwidth and low latency. 6G emerging technologies like Software Defined Network (SDN) and resource slicing are acting as promising technologies for addressing the transmission requirements of VR users. Efficient resource management becomes dominant to ensure a satisfactory user experience. The integration of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) allows for dynamic network resource balancing, minimizing communication latency and maximizing data transmission rates wirelessly. Employing slicing techniques further aids in managing distributed resources across the network for different services as enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC). The proposed VR-based SDN system model for 6G cellular networks facilitates centralized administration of resources, enhancing communication between VR users. This innovative solution seeks to contribute to the effective and streamlined resource management essential for VR video transmission in 6G cellular networks. The utilization of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) approaches, is presented as an alternative solution, showcasing significant performance and feature distinctions through comparative results. Our results show that implementing strategies based on DRL leads to a considerable improvement in the resource management process as well as in the achievable data rate and a reduction in the necessary latency in dynamic and large scale networks.