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16 result(s) for "Malacria, Max"
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Activation Methods
Activation Methods examines recent improvements in the utilization of ultrasonic waves and pressurized gases to generate reactions. A straightforward method to use, sonochemistry allows chemical reactions to be carried out under ultrasound without the need for external heat, reagents or catalysts – leading to high yields and the production of a minimum amount of waste. This book presents an overview of the main applications of sonochemistry in green organic chemistry, with an emphasis on texts published within the last few years. High-pressure chemical reactions offer innovative solutions to problems relating to synthesis. They allow access to new products and a further understanding of reaction mechanisms. This book presents the characteristics of hyperbaric activation, which allow the integration of an arsenal of tools for green chemistry, such as the lowering of energy costs and of by-products, as well as the possibility of using substrates that are sterically congested and generally inert.
Réactions multicomposants en diversité moléculaire
Très utiles pour une synthèse orientée vers la diversité moléculaire, les réactions multicomposants offrent un accès rapide à une grande variété de molécules complexes, d'intérêt biologique notamment.Cet ouvrage analyse ces réactions, qu'elles soient réalisées en catalyse organométallique, par voie ionique ou en condition radicalaire. Il met en exergue le grand intérêt des méthodes basées sur les réactions monotopes (cascades, tandems ou domino), dont l'efficacité est illustrée aussi bien dans le domaine académique qu'industriel. Il présente également la préparation efficace de molécules complexes d'utilité biologique.Les réactions multicomposants sont donc en phase avec le concept d'économie d'atomes et celui d'économie d'étapes, désormais clés dans tout processus, allant de l'échelle du laboratoire à celle du pilote. Les critères essentiels de laGreen Chemistrysont ainsi remplis.
Synthesis of marmycin A and investigation into its cellular activity
Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin are used extensively in the treatment of cancers. Anthraquinone-related angucyclines also exhibit antiproliferative properties and have been proposed to operate via similar mechanisms, including direct genome targeting. Here, we report the chemical synthesis of marmycin A and the study of its cellular activity. The aromatic core was constructed by means of a one-pot multistep reaction comprising a regioselective Diels–Alder cycloaddition, and the complex sugar backbone was introduced through a copper-catalysed Ullmann cross-coupling, followed by a challenging Friedel–Crafts cyclization. Remarkably, fluorescence microscopy revealed that marmycin A does not target the nucleus but instead accumulates in lysosomes, thereby promoting cell death independently of genome targeting. Furthermore, a synthetic dimer of marmycin A and the lysosome-targeting agent artesunate exhibited a synergistic activity against the invasive MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line. These findings shed light on the elusive pathways through which anthraquinone derivatives act in cells, pointing towards unanticipated biological and therapeutic applications. Marmycin A is an anthraquinone natural product with antiproliferative properties. Now the chemical synthesis of marmycin A—through a Diels–Alder cycloaddition, an Ullmann aromatic amination and a Friedel–Crafts cyclization—has enabled a study of its biological activity. Fluorescence microscopy reveals that marmycin A accumulates in lysosomes and promotes cell death independently of genome targeting.
Chimie biphasique et le cas du solvant
Chimie biphasique et le cas du solvanttraite de l'amélioration des conditions réactionnelles pour inscrire la chimie dans le domaine durable.L'ouvrage montre que la chimie supportée limite l'utilisation de solvants toxiques ou inflammables, puisqu'elle résume les purifications à de simples filtrations. Grâce aux scavengers commerciaux, les synthèses sur phase solide sont désormais accessibles à tous. Les techniques fluoreuses sont une alternative crédible et viable à la chimie sur support solide. La catalyse biphasique fluoreuse permet un recyclage extrêmement performant du catalyseur et présente un fort potentiel d'applicabilité au niveau industriel.L'ouvrage fait également le tour des nombreux travaux qui ont permis de démontrer que l'eau est un solvant de choix pour la plupart des réactions de synthèse. Des sélectivités particulières peuvent être obtenues et les effets sur la thermodynamique permettent d'opérer à des températures plus basses, réalisant ainsi une économie d'énergie. Enfin, la grande diversité d'application des réactions sans solvant est illustrée.
Catalytic Cycloaddition Reactions
This chapter covers recent developments in transition metal catalyzed cycloadditions involving alkynes. Late transition metals are the catalysts of choice for these cascades allowing a straightforward access to molecular complexity from acyclic precursors. This overview covers both mechanistic aspects and synthetic applications of this vast and fruitful domain.