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Transition metal sulfides such as MoS 2 and VS 2 have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage applications in recent years. Among the reported transition metal sulfides, the patronite (VS 4 ) form of vanadium sulfide is less explored and understanding its charge storage mechanisms is unusual in the literature. Here, we report the pseudocapacitive energy storage performance of patronite (VS 4 ) nano-bundles synthesized via template-free hydrothermal approach by fabricating a solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device (SSAD) with MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) as the negative electrode. The fabricated VS 4 //MXene SSAD displayed a remarkable supercapacitive behavior in an expanded working potential window of 1.3 V. The device demonstrated a record high performance with the areal capacitance of 70.9 mF/cm 2 at the scan rate of 5 mV/s and demonstrated ~ 4.5 and ~ 6 times superior areal capacitance as compared to the bare VS 4 nano-bundles and MXene-based symmetric devices. Further, the device displayed an excellent energy density of 5.65 mW h/cm 2 with a remarkable power density of 290.9 mW/cm 2 and good cyclic stability ~ 75% after 3000 cycles in neutral electrolyte. Moreover, we have performed extensive density functional theory simulations to present electronic properties of VS 4 and MXene supporting pseudocapacitive behavior for VS 4 through reversible Faradic redox reactions and pre-dominant electrical double-layer capacitive behavior for MXene due to intercalation/de-intercalation of ions. The diffusion energy barrier for electrolytic ions is lower in VS 4 (only 0.17 eV) satisfying better and rapid transport of charge carriers generated in VS 4 justifying high charge storage performance. Populated electronic states for V 3d orbital in both the valence band and conduction band justify superior redox-type behavior for VS 4 supporting experimental observations. Graphical abstract Enhanced energy storage performance of asymmetric supercapacitors based on VS4 and MXene.

The advancements in electrochemical capacitors have noticed a remarkable enhancement in the performance for smart electronic device applications, which has led to the invention of novel and low-cost electroactive materials. Herein, we synthesized nanostructured Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 -reduced graphene oxide (Al 2 O 3 -rGO) hybrid through hydrothermal and post-hydrothermal calcination processes. The synthesized materials were subject to standard characterisation processes to verify their morphological and structural details. The electrochemical performances of nanostructured Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 - rGO hybrid were evaluated through computational and experimental analyses. Due to the superior electrical conductivity of reduced graphene oxide and the synergistic effect of both EDLC and pseudocapacitive behaviour, the Al 2 O 3 - rGO hybrid shows much improved electrochemical performance (~ 15-fold) as compared to bare Al 2 O 3 . Further, a symmetric supercapacitor device (SSD) was designed using the Al 2 O 3 - rGO hybrid electrodes, and detailed electrochemical performance was evaluated. The fabricated Al 2 O 3 - rGO hybrid-based SSD showed 98.56% capacity retention when subjected to ~ 10,000 charge–discharge cycles. Both the systems (Al 2 O 3 and its rGO hybrid) have been analysed extensively with the help of Density Functional Theory simulation technique to provide detailed structural and electronic properties. With the introduction of reduced graphene oxide, the available electronic states near the Fermi level are greatly enhanced, imparting a significant increment in the conductivity of the hybrid system. The lower diffusion energy barrier for electrolyte ions and higher quantum capacitance for the hybrid structure compared to pristine Al 2 O 3 justify improvement in charge storage performance for the hybrid structure, supporting our experimental findings.

Introduction The goal of orthodontic treatment is to provide patients with esthetic smiles and functional occlusion. Despite best efforts and continuous evolution of materials, white spot lesions present a persistent hindrance to the desired treatment outcome. Nanoparticles have shown efficacy in reducing microbial activity; however, currently, there is a need for natural anti-cariogenic compounds with minimal side effects. Resveratrol is a natural compound belonging to the polyphenol group and has shown promising anti-microbial efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dentin bonding agents incorporated with the following three different nanoparticles on shear bond strength: silver nanoparticles (Ag-Np), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-Np), and resveratrol nanoparticles (RSV-Np). Materials and methods A total of 40 premolar teeth therapeutically extracted were assigned to four equal groups of n=10 each. Groups 1, 2, and 3 used experimental adhesives doped with silver, zinc oxide, and resveratrol nanoparticles, respectively. Group 4 was bonded using unmodified adhesive. The bonded teeth were then subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) testing which was measured using a Universal Testing Machine (model no. UNITEST-10; Pune, India: ACME Engineers). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), employing one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test for pairwise comparisons. Results Shear bond strength testing revealed that the control group with unmodified adhesive (8.6 MPa) had the highest SBS, followed by RSV-Np (7.6 MPa), Ag-Np (6.3 MPa), and ZnO-Np (5.65 MPa). Although the experimental groups demonstrated decreased SBS compared to the control, the values for Ag-Np and RSV-Np fell within the acceptable range. Conclusion Resveratrol nanoparticles had the least impact on shear bond strength among the experimental groups. These findings suggest that the incorporation of resveratrol nanoparticles in dentin bonding agents can provide anti-cariogenic effect without significantly impacting the adhesive's mechanical properties thereby providing a new and promising alternative to synthetic nanoparticles. Further studies are recommended to optimize the balance between anti-microbial efficacy and bond strength in clinical applications.

With the advancing world, where the medical and dental fields are progressing every day toward better and finer diagnosis and treatment modalities to enhance and provide better standards of life, it becomes important for medical and dental professionals to consider the environment and apply environmental sustainability measures moving towards a better future. One such practice is green dentistry, where \"reduce, reuse, rethink, and recycle\" are being implemented and, similarly, \"eco-friendly\" dentistry, which recommends the use of \"ask, assess, advice, and assist.\" With the same concept of keeping in the limelight, green orthodontics gives us an idea of reducing, reusing, rethinking, and recycling materials and products to bring about a more sustainable and better future.

Amongst the spectrum of dental developmental anomalies, hypodontia is a condition characterized by congenitally missing teeth. Whereas, hyperdontia is a condition that results in the development of an excessive number of teeth. These two conditions are regarded as polar opposites in the progression of dentition development. Their simultaneous occurrence in a patient results in a rare phenomenon known as concomitant hypo-hyperdontia (CHH). This report presents a case of CHH highlighting the importance of diagnosis and adequate treatment planning in achieving a balanced and esthetic smile.

Using the density functional theory method, hydrogen storage capacity for Yttrium doped fullerene has been studied. Bonding of Y atom with that of C 30 is due to the charge transfer taking place from the d -orbital of the Y atom to the 2 p -orbital of the C atom of C 30 . It has been predicted that a single Y atom can adsorb 7 hydrogen molecules, whose binding energy falls within the range as suggested by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Interaction of hydrogen on the metal is because of the Kubas interaction where charge donation occurs from the metal d -orbital to the hydrogen 1 s -orbital and there is also back donation as a result the hydrogen adsorption energy is more than physisorption. However, H atoms in the H 2 molecule is not getting dissociated, only a small elongation of H–H bond in the H 2 molecule is observed. The gravimetric weight percentage for 5 Y atoms loaded fullerene C 30 , with each Y atom adsorbing 7 H 2 molecules is recorded to be 8.060%, higher than the limit of 6.5% by DOE. These findings suggest Y doped fullerene C 30 may be considered as a potential candidate for hydrogen storage devices.

Introduction: Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Awareness of orthodontic treatment varies in different regions. Undergoing orthodontic treatment to correct malocclusion would be very beneficial to children as it could help eliminate bullying by peers regarding facial appearance. This kind of bullying by peers could affect the child psychologically. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in Karad Taluka in Maharashtra. A total of 378 subjects were selected. The schools were randomly selected. A questionnaire including general information, knowledge, and awareness of orthodontic treatment was prepared, and the teachers were given 15 min to fill it. Since it was a short period of time to gather information from other sources, the participants answered the questionnaire using their own knowledge. The purpose of this questionnaire, which consisted of 12 questions in both English and Marathi was to evaluate the level of knowledge the teachers had about orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the study and questionnaire forms were explained by the examiner. The responses of the teachers to the questions were recorded on a 2-point Likert scale {YES or NO}. Results: Simple descriptive statistics was applied to describe the study variables. A Chi-square test of independence was performed to check independence between answers and gender for each question. Conclusion: Within limits of this study, it may be concluded that knowledge of available treatments was more in males compared to females in rural areas.

Transition metal sulfides such as MoS.sub.2 and VS.sub.2 have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage applications in recent years. Among the reported transition metal sulfides, the patronite (VS.sub.4) form of vanadium sulfide is less explored and understanding its charge storage mechanisms is unusual in the literature. Here, we report the pseudocapacitive energy storage performance of patronite (VS.sub.4) nano-bundles synthesized via template-free hydrothermal approach by fabricating a solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device (SSAD) with MXene (Ti.sub.3C.sub.2T.sub.x) as the negative electrode. The fabricated VS.sub.4//MXene SSAD displayed a remarkable supercapacitive behavior in an expanded working potential window of 1.3 V. The device demonstrated a record high performance with the areal capacitance of 70.9 mF/cm.sup.2 at the scan rate of 5 mV/s and demonstrated 4.5 and 6 times superior areal capacitance as compared to the bare VS.sub.4 nano-bundles and MXene-based symmetric devices. Further, the device displayed an excellent energy density of 5.65 mW h/cm.sup.2 with a remarkable power density of 290.9 mW/cm.sup.2 and good cyclic stability 75% after 3000 cycles in neutral electrolyte. Moreover, we have performed extensive density functional theory simulations to present electronic properties of VS.sub.4 and MXene supporting pseudocapacitive behavior for VS.sub.4 through reversible Faradic redox reactions and pre-dominant electrical double-layer capacitive behavior for MXene due to intercalation/de-intercalation of ions. The diffusion energy barrier for electrolytic ions is lower in VS.sub.4 (only 0.17 eV) satisfying better and rapid transport of charge carriers generated in VS.sub.4 justifying high charge storage performance. Populated electronic states for V 3d orbital in both the valence band and conduction band justify superior redox-type behavior for VS.sub.4 supporting experimental observations.

The advancements in electrochemical capacitors have noticed a remarkable enhancement in the performance for smart electronic device applications, which has led to the invention of novel and low-cost electroactive materials. Herein, we synthesized nanostructured Al O and Al O -reduced graphene oxide (Al O -rGO) hybrid through hydrothermal and post-hydrothermal calcination processes. The synthesized materials were subject to standard characterisation processes to verify their morphological and structural details. The electrochemical performances of nanostructured Al O and Al O - rGO hybrid were evaluated through computational and experimental analyses. Due to the superior electrical conductivity of reduced graphene oxide and the synergistic effect of both EDLC and pseudocapacitive behaviour, the Al O - rGO hybrid shows much improved electrochemical performance (~ 15-fold) as compared to bare Al O . Further, a symmetric supercapacitor device (SSD) was designed using the Al O - rGO hybrid electrodes, and detailed electrochemical performance was evaluated. The fabricated Al O - rGO hybrid-based SSD showed 98.56% capacity retention when subjected to ~ 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. Both the systems (Al O and its rGO hybrid) have been analysed extensively with the help of Density Functional Theory simulation technique to provide detailed structural and electronic properties. With the introduction of reduced graphene oxide, the available electronic states near the Fermi level are greatly enhanced, imparting a significant increment in the conductivity of the hybrid system. The lower diffusion energy barrier for electrolyte ions and higher quantum capacitance for the hybrid structure compared to pristine Al O justify improvement in charge storage performance for the hybrid structure, supporting our experimental findings.

Tongue is a muscular organ in mouth which aid in mastication, gustatory sensation, swallowing and phonetics. It is encased in the oral cavity, thus protecting it from trauma or during the occurrence of calamity. The dorsal aspect of tongue is unique for each individual providing a significant biometric tool. It exhibits various shapes and surface textures which can be used in personal identification. As malocclusion and blood group are genetically determined, it can be hypothesized that blood groups have an association with malocclusion.