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"Marin, Marin"
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Recent Advances in the Determination of Major and Trace Elements in Plants Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry
Interest in measuring major and trace elements in plants has increased in recent years because of growing concerns about the elements’ contribution to daily intakes or the health risks posed by ingesting vegetables contaminated by potentially toxic elements. The recent advances in using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to measure major and trace elements in plant samples are reviewed in the present work. The sample preparation before instrumental determination and the main advantages and limitations of ICP-OES are described. New trends in element extraction in liquid solutions using fewer toxic solvents and microextractions are observed in recently published literature. Even though ICP-OES is a well-established and routine technique, recent innovations to increase its performance have been found. Validated methods are needed to ensure the obtaining of reliable results. Much research has focused on assessing principal figures of merit, such as limits of detection, quantification, selectivity, working ranges, precision in terms of repeatability and reproducibility, and accuracy through spiked samples or certified reference materials analysis. According to the published literature, the ICP-OES technique, 50 years after the release of the first commercially available equipment, remains a powerful and highly recommended tool for element determination on a wide range of concentrations.
Journal Article
The edge of every day : sketches of schizophrenia
\"Against the ... backdrop of Anchorage, Alaska, where [she] grew up, Marin Sardy weaves a fearless account of the shapeless thief--the schizophrenia--that kept her mother immersed in a world of private delusion and later manifested in her brother, ultimately claiming his life\"--Publisher marketing.
Book
Finite Element Analysis of Nonlinear Bioheat Model in Skin Tissue Due to External Thermal Sources
In this work, numerical estimations of a nonlinear hyperbolic bioheat equation under various boundary conditions for medicinal treatments of tumor cells are constructed. The heating source components in a nonlinear hyperbolic bioheat transfer model, such as the rate of blood perfusions and the metabolic heating generations, are considered experimentally temperature-dependent functions. Due to the nonlinearity of the governing relations, the finite element method is adopted to solve such a problem. The results for temperature are presented graphically. Parametric analysis is then performed to identify an appropriate procedure to select significant design variables in order to yield further accuracy to achieve efficient thermal power in hyperthermia treatments.
Journal Article
The future she left behind
\"One woman's journey home gets derailed by her soon-to-be ex-mother-in-law in a novel filled with humor, small-town charm, rekindled love, and the resilient ties of family. Cast aside by her cheating husband, Katelyn Chandler is ready to pack it all in and drive home to Little Springs, Texas. She wants a chance to regroup, reconnect with her mother, and get back to her art. But Shirley Pratt--master manipulator, elitist snob, and Katelyn's terror of a live-in monster-in-law--has other ideas. Shirley insists on joining Katelyn's trip after her son tries to pack her off to a retirement community. Katelyn has no choice but to play peacekeeper between the ornery old woman and the proud matrons of Little Springs. Yet the small town seems to be changing Shirley. And as Katelyn weighs the wisdom of picking up where she left off with Jackson Mendoza, the town bad boy and her high school sweetheart, she must find a way to believe in the strength of her dreams\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment: Identifying key reservoirs and hotspots of antifungal resistance
Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes aspergillosis, a spectrum of environmentally acquired respiratory illnesses. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and exists in the environment as a saprotroph on decaying plant matter. Azoles, which target Cyp51A in the ergosterol synthesis pathway, are the primary class of drugs used to treat aspergillosis. Azoles are also used to combat plant pathogenic fungi. Recently, an increasing number of azole-naive patients have presented with pan-azole–resistant strains of A . fumigatus . The TR 34 /L98H and TR 46 /Y121F/T289A alleles in the cyp51A gene are the most common ones conferring pan-azole resistance. There is evidence that these mutations arose in agricultural settings; therefore, numerous studies have been conducted to identify azole resistance in environmental A . fumigatus and to determine where resistance is developing in the environment. Here, we summarize the global occurrence of azole-resistant A . fumigatus in the environment based on available literature. Additionally, we have created an interactive world map showing where resistant isolates have been detected and include information on the specific alleles identified, environmental settings, and azole fungicide use. Azole-resistant A . fumigatus has been found on every continent, except for Antarctica, with the highest number of reports from Europe. Developed environments, specifically hospitals and gardens, were the most common settings where azole-resistant A . fumigatus was detected, followed by soils sampled from agricultural settings. The TR 34 /L98H resistance allele was the most common in all regions except South America where the TR 46 /Y121F/T289A allele was the most common. A major consideration in interpreting this survey of the literature is sampling bias; regions and environments that have been extensively sampled are more likely to show greater azole resistance even though resistance could be more prevalent in areas that are under-sampled or not sampled at all. Increased surveillance to pinpoint reservoirs, as well as antifungal stewardship, is needed to preserve this class of antifungals for crop protection and human health.
Journal Article
What happens to the inhibitory control functions of the right inferior frontal cortex when this area is dominant for language?
A low number of individuals show an atypical brain control of language functions that differs from the typical lateralization in the left cerebral hemisphere. In these cases, the neural distribution of other cognitive functions is not fully understood. Although there is a bias towards a mirrored brain organization consistent with the Causal hypothesis, some individuals are found to be exceptions to this rule. However, no study has focused on what happens to the homologous language areas in the right frontal inferior cortex. Using an fMRI-adapted stop-signal task in a healthy non right-handed sample (50 typically lateralized and 36 atypically lateralized for language production), our results show that atypical lateralization is associated with a mirrored brain organization of the inhibitory control network in the left hemisphere: inferior frontal cortex, presupplementary motor area, and subthalamic nucleus. However, the individual analyses revealed a large number of cases with a noteworthy overlap in the inferior frontal gyrus, which shared both inhibitory and language functions. Further analyses showed that atypical lateralization was associated with stronger functional interhemispheric connectivity and larger corpus callosum. Importantly, we did not find task performance differences as a function of lateralization, but there was an association between atypical dominance in the inferior frontal cortex and higher scores on schizotypy and autistic spectrum traits, as well as worse performance on a reading accuracy test. Together, these results partially support the Causal hypothesis of hemispheric specialization and provide further evidence of the link between atypical hemispheric lateralization and increased interhemispheric transfer through the corpus callosum.
Journal Article
Fixed or flexible exchange rates? : history and perspectives
This book compares and contrasts flexible versus fixed exchange rate regimes. Beginning with their theoretical justifications, it showcases their observed advantages and disadvantages as they played out in the currency crises of the 1990s and early 2000s across Asia, Europe and Latin America. An analysis of the drivers and implications of these crises singles out fast-paced liberalization and globalization as having played central roles. Moreover it sheds light on some of the factors contributing to the 2008 financial crisis and the key monetary events in its aftermath. An accessible, yet rigorous discussion, supported by extensive evidence, helps readers reach their own conclusions regarding the respective merits of alternative exchange rate systems.-- Provided by Publisher.
Book
The Effects of Fractional Time Derivatives in Porothermoelastic Materials Using Finite Element Method
In this work, a new model for porothermoelastic waves under a fractional time derivative and two time delays is utilized to study temperature increments, stress and the displacement components of the solid and fluid phases in porothermoelastic media. The governing equations are presented under Lord–Shulman theory with thermal relaxation time. The finite element method has been adopted to solve these equations due to the complex formulations of this problem. The effects of fractional parameter and porosity in porothermoelastic media have been studied. The numerical outcomes for the temperatures, the stresses and the displacement of the fluid and the solid are presented graphically. These results will allow future studies to gain a detailed insight into non-simple porothermoelasticity with various phases.
Journal Article