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"Martin, Jeanne"
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The missing masterpiece
\"When Dorothy Martin goes to France, alone because Alan is stuck back home in Sherebury with a broken ankle, she worries about her ability to get along in a language she barely speaks, and in a country she hasn't seen for over fifty years. But by the time Alan joins her a week later, Dorothy has found herself embroiled in one mystery after another: a woman drowning in quicksand; a man suffering a near-fatal fall in the abbey at Mont Saint Michel; and a missing American archaeologist-- all seemingly connected to a monk named Abelard who has been dead for almost nine hundred years. It isn't until another body is discovered that Dorothy's ability to think outside the box finally unravels the threads of a despicable scheme\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Race against death or starvation? COVID-19 and its impact on African populations
Background Born in the Chinese city of Wuhan, the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic on global health and economies have been and continue to be devastating. In Africa, its countries grieve for unprecedented burdens of caseloads and mortality due to COVID-19, the virus responsible for the disease. This narrative review aims to establish the scale of the health and economic crisis wrought by the pandemic in Africa, including its impact on the informal economic sector, projections of the effect on national GDP, as well as its political dimensions. Methods Documentary evidence issued between January and 8 August 2020 was sought from the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Searches of published and unpublished abstracts were also conducted from appropriate websites, government documents, organizational reports, newspaper commentaries, and reports issued by global, regional, and local centers of disease control and prevention. Results The COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for a fourfold crisis in Africa: (1) a health crisis: the victimization of frontline healthcare workers and the looming caseload and death tolls with 1.039 million (12%) cases being confirmed and over 22,966 (2.4%) deaths as of 8 August 2020. The highest death toll was recorded in Southern Africa of 11,024 (48%) followed by North Africa with 6,989 (29.2%) deaths; (2) a social crisis: with the violation of human rights, the killing of citizens by security forces and increased crime. This, in turn, exacerbates social inequalities, the breakdown of households, instances of social unrest, and general impoverishment; (3) an economic crisis: manifested by a decline in GDP and mass unemployment; (4) a political crisis: implementation of measures that may not be appropriate for Africa, discrimination of refugees and immigrants, evacuation of citizens to their home countries, resulting in distrust of political leaders and postponement of national elections, and mounting cases of conflicts and unrest. Conclusion Lockdown during the COVID-19 outbreak is a prevention mechanism in affluent countries, in contrast to developing regions such as Africa, where it is a race against death and starvation. Policymakers must apply novel and locally relevant prevention and management strategies to cope with this growing disaster.
Journal Article
Smile and be a villain
\"When Dorothy Martin and her husband, retired police detective Alan Nesbitt, decide to visit the beautiful island of Alderney in the English Channel, they hope for a pleasant, peaceful holiday. It's not to be. Taking a walk on their very first day, they discover a body, apparently the victim of an unfortunate accident, on a precipitous hill path. The dead man, they learn, is an American named Abercrombie who had made himself both loved and hated during his few weeks on the island\"--Dust jacket flap.
Book
Effect of Manikin and Virtual Simulation on Clinical Judgment
Background:
Evidence suggests competency in clinical judgment may be lacking in new graduate nurses. Graduates from accelerated baccalaureate nursing (ABSN) programs have even less time to develop clinical judgment competency. Various simulation modalities, including high-fidelity manikin and virtual reality, have been used to develop clinical judgment in prelicensure students. However, the outcomes of these simulation modalities on clinical judgment in ABSN students is not well understood.
Method:
An integrative literature review was conducted using five databases with primary research that examined the effect of manikin or virtual simulation on clinical judgment in BSN students.
Results:
Fourteen studies were included in this review. The findings were organized using Tanner's Clinical Judgment Model.
Conclusion:
Findings from this review were mixed, with a lack of evidence comparing the two modalities. Future research should include comparison studies aimed at examining the effects of these modalities with ABSN students. [J Nurs Educ. 2022;61(12):693–699.]
Journal Article
Behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases among South African Durban-based refugees: a cross-sectional study
Behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rising among refugees, increasing chronic disease prevalence that causes morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence, awareness and management of behavioural risk factors for NCDs among South African Durban-based refugees. A once-off quantitative, cross-sectional design was conducted on the behavioural risk factors for NCDs among 122 randomly selected Durban-based refugees using a modified version of the World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to NCDs surveillance (STEPS) instrument. Participants’ awareness and management of risk factors for NCDs were determined with a behavioural NCD awareness and management of behavioural NCD risk factor questionnaire. Smoking and alcohol prevalence were 4.1% and 20.7%, respectively, with 40.8% consuming fewer than five servings of fruit and/or vegetables daily. Participants performed more than 150 min of moderate physical activity per week. A significant 30.8% (p < 0.001) was aware that consuming alcohol poses an extremely large risk, similarly for smoking (38.7%; p < 0.001]. A significant 56.2% (p < 0.001) believe that regularly eating raw vegetables presents no risk, likewise for being physically active (51.7%; p < 0.001). A significant 40.6% (p < 0.001) of the participants always drink water or non-alcoholic drinks to manage their alcohol consumption, 54.2% (p < 0.001) manage their unhealthy diet by sometimes filling half their plates with fruits and vegetables, and 49.2% manage their physical activity levels by sometimes choosing a range of physical activities (p < 0.001). Refugees’ lack of awareness of behavioural risk factors for NCDs highlights the importance for health service providers to present health promotion programs to make refugees aware of their behavioural NCD’s risk factors and how it impacts their health.
Journal Article
Impact of a Nyakaza Move-for-Health Intervention Programme among Adolescents in a Resource-Constrained South African Community
Adolescents in resource-constrained environments face increasing sedentary lifestyles and obesity rates, necessitating effective interventions for promoting physical activity and combating non-communicable diseases. This study evaluates the impact of a 12 week Nyakaza Move-for-Health intervention on physical activity, anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness, and behaviour change among adolescents in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. One hundred twenty-eight adolescents participated, with assessments including self-reported physical activity, anthropometric indices, and cardiorespiratory fitness measures. The intervention significantly increased physical activity levels. The treatment group’s mean score was 2.2 (0.4) at baseline and 2.6 (0.4) (F (14, 79) = 4.884, p = <0.001, η2 = 0.156) at the endline. The body mass index decreased (mean = 22.4 (4.6) at baseline and 21.9 (4.2) at endline; p = 0.025, partial eta squared = 0.025, η2 = 0.004). The intervention programme significantly affected the WHR (mean = 0.80 (0.10) at baseline and 0.76 (0.9) at endline; p < 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.327, η2 = 0.100) and the predicted maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) for the treatment group (mean = 42.4 (8.7) at baseline and mean = 43.6 (8.7) at endline; p < 0.711, partial eta squared = 0.017, η2 = 0.033). Focus group discussions indicated shifts in knowledge, attitudes, and motivation towards physical activity. Power analysis revealed strong observed power (PA: 0.983, BMI: 0.098, WHR: 0.887), indicating the robustness of the intervention’s effects. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the intervention in improving physical health outcomes. It is recommended that longitudinal studies be conducted to assess the long-term sustainability and impact of such interventions on adolescents’ health outcomes, thereby informing the development of comprehensive public health policies and programmes to promote physical activity and combat non-communicable diseases in similar settings.
Journal Article
Eccentric Exercise Guidelines for Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT
Background and Aims
There are strong indications that the prevalence of poor body composition in RA patients is reportedly high. Evidence in the literature suggests that RA patients have low functional ability, which may negatively impact their work productivity and physical activity levels. Given the beneficial effects of an eccentric exercise intervention on RA conditions, there is still no sufficient information about the eccentric exercise guidelines for managing RA. This study aimed to develop eccentric exercise guidelines for managing RA conditions.
Methods
Eccentric exercise guidelines for managing RA were developed in three phases: A scoping literature review, an experimental pretest‐posttest randomized control trial, and synthetization of the outcomes. Thirty‐seven RA patients participated in the experimental pretest‐posttest study and were randomized into control and exercise groups.
Results
Eccentric exercise interventions show positive effects on body composition, blood pressure, work‐related performance, and physical activity levels in RA patients. Proposed management guidelines for RA conditions include 40‐min eccentric exercises three times weekly. It is proposed that an eccentric exercise intervention should be progressive to elicit maximum benefits for RA patients.
Conclusion
An eccentric‐concentrated exercise intervention is safe and provides a specific exercise trajectory for managing RA conditions. Evidence‐based eccentric guidelines were developed to improve RA patients' body composition, physical activity levels, and cardiovascular risk factors. The guidelines could also benefit physical functioning and work productivity in RA patients. It should be used alongside the existing guidelines for managing RA disease conditions.
Journal Article
Base-editing-mediated dissection of a γ-globin cis-regulatory element for the therapeutic reactivation of fetal hemoglobin expression
Sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia affect the production of the adult β-hemoglobin chain. The clinical severity is lessened by mutations that cause fetal γ-globin expression in adult life (i.e., the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin). Mutations clustering ~200 nucleotides upstream of the
HBG
transcriptional start sites either reduce binding of the LRF repressor or recruit the KLF1 activator. Here, we use base editing to generate a variety of mutations in the −200 region of the
HBG
promoters, including potent combinations of four to eight γ-globin-inducing mutations. Editing of patient hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells is safe, leads to fetal hemoglobin reactivation and rescues the pathological phenotype. Creation of a KLF1 activator binding site is the most potent strategy – even in long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Compared with a Cas9-nuclease approach, base editing avoids the generation of insertions, deletions and large genomic rearrangements and results in higher γ-globin levels. Our results demonstrate that base editing of
HBG
promoters is a safe, universal strategy for treating β-hemoglobinopathies.
Antoniou and colleagues used base editing to generate a variety of mutations inducing γ-globin and rescue the β-hemoglobinopathy phenotype. This strategy was safe and effective in long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.
Journal Article
The physical activity and health promotion activities of global university students: a review of reviews
University students globally are reportedly living unhealthy lifestyles, challenging universities to develop physical activity (PA) and health promotion (HP) intervention strategies. The current study aimed to review global universities’ physical activity and health promotion activities to inform the PA and HP guidelines for Eswatini university students in the Sub-Saharan region. An electronic search was performed for review articles published between 1996 and 2021, using Cochrane, Google Scholar, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Medline Web of Science databases. The documents reviewed showed that some global universities under investigation follow the health promoting university (HPU) concept influenced by the Ottawa charter (1986). The review articles further showed that implementing the healthy university concept differs due to cultural and contextual differences from one institution to another. The reviews showed the main item areas as smoking control/alcohol and drug abuse, mental health, sexual health, physical activities, healthy eating habits/diet categorized under health promotion. The main PA activities were pedometer activity tracking, measurement of PA using validated questionnaires, sports, games, among other intervention activities. The HPU concept is thus a good starting point that can be promoted and spread to all other universities globally with different charters’ guidance, including the Ottawa charter and the Okanagan charter.
Journal Article
Correlation between physical activity and burnout amongst allied healthcare professionals in eThekwini, South Africa
Background:
Allied healthcare professionals face the intricate challenge of preventing burnout, which is marked by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and diminished personal accomplishment. Physical activity is proposed as a mitigating strategy that promises to reduce and effectively address burnout among allied healthcare professional.
Aim:
The study aimed to determine the correlation between personal accomplishment and burnout among allied healthcare professionals.
Methods:
A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design following the TREND statement amongst 82 allied healthcare professionals was conducted using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Burnout was assessed using its three diagnostic characteristics: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment.
Results:
Participants (45.1%) experienced a low degree of emotional exhaustion, but overall, for the entire group emotional exhaustion was moderate (M = 20.51; standard deviation = 10.5), similar to depersonalisation (M = 6.46; standard deviation ±4.90), with 46.3% of the participants experiencing a low degree of depersonalisation. In the personal accomplishment category, 22% experienced a low degree of personal accomplishment; overall, for the entire group, personal accomplishment was low (M = 33.35; standard deviation = 7.58). Most participants (65.9%) engaged in moderate-intensity physical activities. The number of days performing moderate-intensity physical activity at work significantly increases the odds of allied healthcare professional experiencing low levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment by 1.92, 2.33 and 2.09, respectively (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Engaging in moderate-intensity physical activities increases the likelihood of allied healthcare professionals experiencing low emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment degrees. It underscores the importance of implementing physical activity programmes to improve healthcare and alleviate the effect of burnout in allied healthcare professional.
Journal Article