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"Martin, Wolfgang"
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The role of recipient myosteatosis in graft and patient survival after deceased donor liver transplantation
Background Myosteatosis is associated with perioperative outcomes in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Here, we investigated the effects of body composition and myosteatosis on long‐term graft and patient survival following OLT. Methods Clinical data from 225 consecutive OLT recipients from a prospective database were retrospectively analysed (May 2010 to December 2017). Computed tomography‐based lumbar skeletal muscle index (SMI) (muscle mass) and mean skeletal muscle radiation attenuation (SM‐RA) (myosteatosis) were calculated using a segmentation tool (3D Slicer). Patients with low skeletal muscle mass (low SMI) and myosteatosis (low SM‐RA) were identified using predefined and validated cut‐off values. Results The mean donor and recipient age was 55 ± 16 and 54 ± 12 years, respectively. Some 67% of the recipients were male. The probability of graft and patient survival was significantly lower in patients with myosteatosis compared with patients with higher SM‐RA values (P = 0.011 and P = 0.001, respectively). Low skeletal muscle mass alone was not associated with graft and patient survival (P = 0.273 and P = 0.278, respectively). Dividing the cohort into quartiles, based on the values of SMI and SM‐RA, resulted in significant differences in patient but not in graft survival (P = 0.011). Even though multivariable analysis identified low SM‐RA as an important prognostic marker (hazard ratio: 2.260, 95% confidence interval: 1.177–4.340, P = 0.014), myosteatosis lost its significance when early mortality (90 days) was excluded from the final multivariable model. Patients with myosteatosis showed significantly higher all‐cause mortality and in particular higher rates of deaths due to respiratory and septic complication (P = 0.002, P = 0.022, and P = 0.049, respectively). Conclusions Preoperative myosteatosis may be an important prognostic marker in patients undergoing deceased donor liver transplantation. The prognostic value of myosteatosis seems to be particularly important in the early post‐operative phase. Validation in prospective clinical trials is warranted.
Journal Article
Plate tectonics : continental drift and mountain building
This volume presents an introduction to the field of plate tectonics. Plate tectonics is a scientific theory which describes the large scale motions of Earth's rigid outermost shell. The authors begin with an historical introduction concerning early ideas of continental drift and Earth dynamics that leads into discussion and consideration of plate motions and geometry. This is followed by several chapters that define, describe in detail, and illustrate the various features, processes, and settings that comprise the plate tectonic realm: graben structures, passive continental margins, ocean basins, mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, and transform faults. The remaining chapters deal with mountain-building processes as a consequence of plate tectonics and the collision of terranes and large continents. These chapters illuminate plate tectonic processes from the early history of the Earth to the present.-- Source other than Library of Congress.
Book
Bioequivalence study of two formulations of lurasidone film coated tablets in healthy subjects under fed conditions
To define the bioequivalence (BE) of two orally administered film coated tablets containing 40 mg lurasidone hydrochloride. A single-dose, open-label, randomized two-way crossover trial was conducted under fed conditions, with a washout period of at least one week. Blood samples were drawn over a period of 72 h and plasma concentrations were analysed using a Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. The Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were calculated using Phoenix WinNonlin software, based on non-compartmental analysis. The two one-sided hypothesis at the α = 0.05 level of significance was tested by constructing the 90% confidence interval of two one-sided t-tests for the geometric mean ratios test versus reference preparation with analysis of variance (ANOVA). After oral administration of 40 mg lurasidone hydrochloride under fed conditions, the mean area under the curve (AUC
t
, AUC
∞
) and maximum plasma concentrations (C
max
) were 175 ng/mL*h; 184 ng/mL*h and 60 ng/mL, respectively for the test product and 185 ng/mL*h; 198 ng/mL*h and 59 ng/mL respectively for the reference product. 90% Confidence Intervals (CI) for all PK parameters were within the acceptance range of 80.00–125.00%. BE was demonstrated between the generic product and the innovator product in healthy Caucasian male subjects. No clinically meaningful differences in safety or tolerability were observed.
Journal Article
Enhanced diphoton rates at Fermi and the LHC
A
bstract
We show that within MSSM singlet extensions the experimental hints beyond the standard model from the Fermi LAT telescope as well as from the LHC can be explained simultaneously while being consistent with all experimental constraints. In particular we present an example point which features a ∼ 130 GeV lightest neutralino with an annihilation cross section into photons consistent with the indication from the Fermi satellite with simultaneously the right relic abundance, a continuum photon spectrum consistent with observation, direct detection cross section below the experimental limits, electroweak observables consistent with experiment and a 125 GeV light Higgs boson with a slightly enhanced
h
→ γγ rate.
Journal Article
C-Nail versus plate osteosynthesis in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures—a comparative retrospective study
Background
Locking plate osteosynthesis via an L-shaped lateral approach is the gold standard in treating displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures. High complication rates are known for this approach. The most frequent complications are wound edge necrosis and superficial wound infections. To reduce complication rates, a locking intramedullary nail (C-Nail) was developed that can be implanted minimally invasively via a sinus tarsi approach.
We compared the postoperative complication rate and the outcome of plate osteosynthesis versus C-Nail in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures.
Methods
All patients with calcaneal fractures who received osteosynthesis with either plate or C-Nail between January 2016 and October 2019 in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. A subgroup analysis was performed with matched pairs (matching Sanders type, age, Böhler’s angle postoperative in normal range, 33 pairs). Endpoints were postoperative complication rate, bone healing, full weight-bearing and functional outcome. Treatment groups were compared using Fisher’s exact test for binary data, and Mann-Whitney
U
-test for continuous data. A
p
-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
One hundred and one calcaneal fractures were included (C-Nail
n
= 52, plate
n
= 49). Patients with C-Nail developed significantly less postoperative complications (
p
= 0.008), especially wound edge necrosis (
p
< 0.001). Screw malposition was found more often in the C-Nail group. The rates of achieving full weight-bearing as well as bone healing were comparable in both groups, but in each case significant faster in the C-nail subgroup. The results of the matched-pairs analysis were comparable.
Conclusions
The postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in the C-Nail group. The C-Nail appears to be a successful alternative in the treatment of calcaneal fractures, even in Sanders IV fractures because of the minimal-invasive implantation as well as the high primary stability. Long-term analysis of this new implant including elaboration on functional outcome is planned.
Trial registration
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS)
DRKS00020395
. Date of registration 3 January 2020.
Journal Article
The heterotic MiniLandscape and the 126 GeV Higgs boson
A
bstract
The MSSM candidates arising from the heterotic MiniLandscape feature a very constrained supersymmetry breaking pattern. This includes a fully predictable gaugino mass pattern, which is compressed compared to the CMSSM, and an inverted sfermion hierarchy due to distinct geometric localisation, featuring stops as light as 1 TeV. The observed Higgs mass sets a lower bound
on the gluino mass. The electroweak fine-tuning is reduced by a UV relation between the scalar mass of the two heavy families and the gluino mass. While large parts of the favoured parameter space escape detection at the LHC, the prospects to test the MiniLandscape models with future dark matter searches are very promising.
Journal Article
Analyzing coastal wetland change in the Yancheng National Nature Reserve, China
Coastal zones provide habitat cores and corridors that maintain the diversity of entire landscapes, and they can form the cornerstone elements of regional conservation strategies. Natural environmental driving factors and excessive anthropogenic activities play important roles in coastal wetland change. Many studies have used remote sensing images to map and assess coastal wetland change on local or regional scales. This paper aims to provide insight into coastal wetland change in the Yancheng National Nature Reserve (YNNR) using remote sensing technology and landscape metrics analysis. The results reveal that grass flat and reed areas have significantly decreased, whereas agriculture fields, aquaculture ponds and built-up areas have continuously increased from 1988 to 2006. The spatial pattern of the coastal landscape has become fragmented and heterogeneous under great pressure from rapid economic development and population growth. The wetland changes have important impacts on natural habitat of the red-crowned cranes. The results of this study provide basic information that is required for developing measures toward a sustainable management and conservation of the YNNR.
Journal Article