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"Martinez, E."
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A systematic review of the protein composition of whole saliva in subjects with healthy periodontium compared with chronic periodontitis
Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease linked to oral microbiota dysbiosis. This disease progresses to infection that stimulates a host immune/inflammatory response, with progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting structures.
This systematic review aims to present a robust critical evaluation of the evidence of salivary protein profiles for identifying oral diseases using proteomic approaches and summarize the use of these approaches to diagnose chronic periodontitis.
A systematic literature search was conducted from January 1st, 2010, to December 1st, 2022, based on PICO criteria following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and by searching the three databases Science Direct, Scopus, and Springer Link.
According to the inclusion criteria, eight studies were identified to analyze the proteins identified by proteomics.
The protein family S100 was identified as the most abundant in patients with chronic periodontitis. In this family, an increased abundance of S100A8 and S100A9 from individuals with the active disease was observed, which strongly relates to the inflammatory response. Moreover, the ratio S100A8/S100A9 and the metalloproteinase-8 in saliva could differentiate distinct periodontitis groups. The changes in protein profile after non-surgical periodontal therapy improved the health of the buccal area. The results of this systematic review identified a set of proteins that could be used as a complementary tool for periodontitis diagnosis using salivary proteins.
Biomarkers in saliva can be used to monitor an early stage of periodontitis and the progression of the disease following therapy.
Journal Article
Fatty acids, epigenetic mechanisms and chronic diseases: a systematic review
Background
Chronic illnesses like obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases, are worldwide major causes of morbidity and mortality. These pathological conditions involve interactions between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Recent advances in nutriepigenomics are contributing to clarify the role of some nutritional factors, including dietary fatty acids in gene expression regulation. This systematic review assesses currently available information concerning the role of the different fatty acids on epigenetic mechanisms that affect the development of chronic diseases or induce protective effects on metabolic alterations.
Methods
A targeted search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline databases using the keywords “fatty acids and epigenetic”. The data were analyzed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines.
Results
Consumption fatty acids like n-3 PUFA: EPA and DHA, and MUFA: oleic and palmitoleic acid was associated with an improvement of metabolic alterations. On the other hand, fatty acids that have been associated with the presence or development of obesity, T2D, pro-inflammatory profile, atherosclerosis and IR were n-6 PUFA, saturated fatty acids (stearic and palmitic), and
trans
fatty acids (elaidic), have been also linked with epigenetic changes.
Conclusions
Fatty acids can regulate gene expression by modifying epigenetic mechanisms and consequently result in positive or negative impacts on metabolic outcomes.
Journal Article
Black Panther. The client
King T'Challa of Wakanda is not just a monarch - he is the Black Panther, ceremonial protector of the nation! And he fights an unceasing battle to protect his homeland from those who seek to plunder its amazing riches and technology. T'Challa has forged a fearsome reputation as a monarch, a warrior, and even an Avenger. But now a very diff erent king hungers for Wakanda - a king of hell itself. And T'Challa, together with his deadly Dora Milaje, must battle to protect his people's very souls! The Panther travels to America to fight his diplomatic and spiritual war on many fronts - and U.S. State Department special attachâe Everett K. Ross, assigned to the visiting king, swiftly becomes a man far out of his depth.
Book
Diffusion tensor imaging metrics associated with future disability in multiple sclerosis
The relationship between brain diffusion microstructural changes and disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains poorly understood. We aimed to explore the predictive value of microstructural properties in white (WM) and grey matter (GM), and identify areas associated with mid-term disability in MS patients. We studied 185 patients (71% female; 86% RRMS) with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), timed 25-foot walk (T25FW), nine-hole peg test (9HPT), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) at two time-points. We used Lasso regression to analyse the predictive value of baseline WM fractional anisotropy and GM mean diffusivity, and to identify areas related to each outcome at 4.1 years follow-up. Motor performance was associated with WM (T25FW: RMSE = 0.524, R
2
= 0.304; 9HPT dominant hand: RMSE = 0.662, R
2
= 0.062; 9HPT non-dominant hand: RMSE = 0.649, R
2
= 0.139), and SDMT with GM diffusion metrics (RMSE = 0.772, R
2
= 0.186). Cingulum, longitudinal fasciculus, optic radiation, forceps minor and frontal aslant were the WM tracts most closely linked to motor dysfunction, and temporal and frontal cortex were relevant for cognition. Regional specificity related to clinical outcomes provide valuable information that can be used to develop more accurate predictive models that could improve therapeutic strategies.
Journal Article
Marvel universe. Time and again
\"What mysteries await buried deep within the multitude of the Marvel Universe? During an advance scouting mission in World War II, Captain America and Bucky come across an old farmhouse where a group of concentration camp escapees are fending off recapture. Years ago, Spider-Man came back from an alien world with a fantastic new costume - a living alien symbiote looking to bond with him permanently! Anxious to find a world worthy enough to sate the mighty hunger of GALACTUS, Norrin Radd's early explorations as the Devourer's new Herald bear no fruit. When a Secret Invasion of Skrulls turns Manhattan upside down, Miles Morales must choose: do his great powers come with great responsibility? When Detective Misty Knight places the newest super-suit on the block, Daredevil, at the scene of a crime, sparks will fly - and not the good kind. What secrets has Kitty Pryde been keeping from her summer at Camp Maplebrook? And as World War II draws to a close, Sergeant Fury and his Howling Commandos face a mission unlike any other they've ever tackled!\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Water Catalysis of a Radical-Molecule Gas-Phase Reaction
There has been considerable speculation about the role of water and water complexes in chemical gas-phase reactions, including the conjecture that water may act as a molecular catalyst through its ability to form hydrogen bonds. Here, we present kinetic studies in which the effect of water on the rate of the reaction between hydroxyl radicals and acetaldehyde has been measured directly in Laval nozzle expansions at low temperatures. An increasing enhancement of the reaction rate by added water was found with decreasing temperatures between 300 and 60 kelvin. Quantum chemical calculations and statistical rate theory support our conclusions that this observation is due to the reduction of an intrinsic reaction barrier caused by specific water aggregation. The results suggest that even single water molecules can act as catalysts in radical-molecule reactions.
Journal Article
Bacterial communities of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes differ between crop and midgut tissues
Microbiota studies of Aedes aegypti and other mosquitoes generally focus on the bacterial communities found in adult female midguts. However, other compartments of the digestive tract maintain communities of bacteria which remain almost entirely unstudied. For example, the Dipteran crop is a food storage organ, but few studies have looked at the microbiome of crops in mosquitoes, and only a single previous study has investigated the crop in Ae . aegypti . In this study, we used both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods to compare the bacterial communities in midguts and crops of laboratory reared Ae . aegypti . Both methods revealed a trend towards higher abundance, but also higher variability, of bacteria in the midgut than the crop. When present, bacteria from the genus Elizabethkingia (family Weeksellaceae) dominated midgut bacterial communities. In crops, we found a higher diversity of bacteria, and these communities were generally dominated by acetic acid bacteria (family Acetobacteriaceae) from the genera Tanticharoenia and Asaia . These three taxa drove significant community structure differences between the tissues. We used FAPROTAX to predict the metabolic functions of these communities and found that crop bacterial communities were significantly more likely to contain bacteria capable of methanol oxidation and methylotrophy. Both the presence of acetic acid bacteria (which commonly catabolize sugar to produce acetic acid) and the functional profile that includes methanol oxidation (which is correlated with bacteria found with natural sources like nectar) may relate to the presence of sugar, which is stored in the mosquito crop. A better understanding of what bacteria are present in the digestive tract of mosquitoes and how these communities assemble will inform how the microbiota impacts mosquito physiology and the full spectrum of functions provided by the microbiota. It may also facilitate better methods of engineering the mosquito microbiome for vector control or prevention of disease transmission.
Journal Article
A quinary WTaCrVHf nanocrystalline refractory high-entropy alloy withholding extreme irradiation environments
In the quest of new materials that can withstand severe irradiation and mechanical extremes for advanced applications (
e.g
. fission & fusion reactors, space applications, etc.), design, prediction and control of advanced materials beyond current material designs become paramount. Here, through a combined experimental and simulation methodology, we design a nanocrystalline refractory high entropy alloy (RHEA) system. Compositions assessed under extreme environments and in situ electron-microscopy reveal both high thermal stability and radiation resistance. We observe grain refinement under heavy ion irradiation and resistance to dual-beam irradiation and helium implantation in the form of low defect generation and evolution, as well as no detectable grain growth. The experimental and modeling results—showing a good agreement—can be applied to design and rapidly assess other alloys subjected to extreme environmental conditions.
Refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) have recently been developed in the context of high-temperature and severe environmental applications. Here the authors, by combining simulation and experiments, develop an irradiation resistant, thermally stable, and strong RHEA for nuclear application.
Journal Article