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The presence of heavy metals in water bodies is linked to the increasing number of industries and populations. This has serious consequences for the quality of human health and the environment. In accordance with this issue, water and wastewater treatment technologies including ion exchange, chemical extraction, and hydrolysis should be conducted as a first water purification stage. However, the sequestration of these toxic substances tends to be expensive, especially for large scale treatment methods that require tedious control and have limited efficiency. Therefore, adsorption methods using adsorbents derived from biomass represent a promising alternative due to their great efficiency and abundance. Algal and seaweed biomass has appeared as a sustainable solution for environmentally friendly adsorbent production. This review further discusses recent developments in the use of algal and seaweed biomass as potential sorbent for heavy metal bioremediation. In addition, relevant aspects like metal toxicity, adsorption mechanism, and parameters affecting the completion of adsorption process are also highlighted. Overall, the critical conclusion drawn is that algae and seaweed biomass can be used to sustainably eliminate heavy metals from wastewater.

The scope of early childhood education encompasses various interconnected aspects, including the individuals involved (teachers and institutions), the management of learning, and other relevant factors. Integrated learning is an educational approach considered suitable for educational requirements of young children because it aligns with the goals of this approach. This study employs a qualitative research design, utilizing methods such as observation, documentation, and interviews to gather data. The collected data are then analyzed to get the mean score. The study aimed to examine the implementation of classroom management strategies by student-teachers while developing lesson plans that incorporate integrated learning. The data are derived from a sample of twelve preservice teachers who engage in teaching practice at four kindergartens. The results of this study indicate that the respondents’ competence in implementing classroom management, particularly in developing comprehensive learning-oriented lesson plans, seems to be satisfactory. The mean scores of all variables fall within the range of 2.01 to 3.00 which denotes a satisfactory level of performance, supporting this. Meanwhile, the performance of each individual reveals that ten out of the twelve respondents achieved an acceptable mean score (ranging from 2.01 to 3.00), whereas just two respondents obtained a mean score over 3.01. The results suggest that most of the respondents demonstrated a reasonable level of competence in designing lesson plans by utilizing an integrated learning approach.

A simple graph G = (V (G), E(G)) admits an H-covering, where H is subgraph of G, if every edge in E(G) belongs to a subgraph of G that is isomorphic to H. A graph G is said to be an (a, d)-H-antimagic covering if there exist a bijective function λ : V(G) → E(G) → {1, 2, ..., |V(G)| + |E(G)|}, such that for all subgraphs H' isomorphic to H, the H-weights w(H') = ∑v∈V(H') λ(v) + ∑e∈E(H') λ(e) constitute an arithmetic progression a, a + d, a + 2d, ..., a + (t − 1)d where a and d are positive integers and t is the number of subgraphs of G isomorphic to H. If the vertices contain the smallest possible labels, we called super (a, d)-H-antimagic. The edge corona product between graph G1 and G2 is a graph obtained by taking one copy of G1 and |E(G1)| copies of G2 and then joining two end − vertices of the ith edge of G1 to every vertex in ith copy of G2. This research aims to find (a, d)-H-antimagic total labeling on Wn ◊ Pn with H is C3 ◊ Pn and Wn ◊ Cn with H is C3 ◊ Cn.

Early childhood education cannot be separated from parenting because it is a process that greatly affects the growth and development of children. Parents have a very important role to play in this process, especially during the golden age. Stimuli are among the factors that determine the success of children’s development; thus, parents have to provide the best stimuli to ensure a child’s development. This study was conducted among 32 parents with children aged 4 to 6 years who attend preschool. It employs a qualitative descriptive method and aims to determine the role of parents’ knowledge in influencing their ability to provide stimuli for child sensory development. Data was collected through observation and questionnaires with percentages and Likert Scale to determine the role of parents’ knowledge in providing sensory stimulation for children. The results showed that parents’ knowledge affects the sensory development of children. This is shown by how the adequacy of the parents’ knowledge interrelates with the adequacy of the child’s sensory development. Moreover, this study finds that parents’ knowledge is affected by their backgrounds.

Sexuality has become the most avoided topic in eastern education. Nevertheless, this topic is necessary to ensure children’s understanding and knowledge of sexuality. This study aims to perceive parents’ knowledge of sex education in early childhood. This study is a preliminary study conducted to develop a parenting program and was conducted in Kupang, Indonesia with 225 respondents. The result shows that most respondents (72%) have adequate knowledge of sex education, 20 percent have good knowledge, and only the remaining 8 percent have no adequate knowledge. This indicates that the feasibility of adding sex education in early childhood is good.

Let G = (V(G), E(G)) be a simple graph. Let H-covering of G is a subgraph H1, H2, ..., Hj with every edge in G is contained in at least one graph Hi for 1 ≤ i ≤ j. If every Hi is isomorphic, then G admits an H-covering. Furthermore, an (a,d)-H-antimagic covering if there bijective function ξ : V ( G ) ∪ E ( G ) → { 1 , 2 , 3 , ... , | V ( G ) | + | E ( G ) | } . The H−-weights for all subgraphs H− isomorphic to H ω ( H ′ ) = ∑ v ∈ V ( H ′ ) ξ ( v ) + ∑ e ∈ E ( H ′ ) ξ ( e ) . The weights of subgraphs constitutes an arithmatic progression {a, a + d, ..., a + (t − 1)d} where a and d are positive integers and t is the number of subgraphs G isomorphic to H. If ξ ( V ( G ) ) = { 1 , 2 , ... , | V ( G ) | } then ξ is called super (a, d)-H-antimagic covering. The research provides super (a, d)-H-antimagic covering with d = {1, 3} of Möbius ladder graph Mn for n > 5 and n is odd.

Online learning is the key to the implementation of learning in the Covid 19 pandemic and the New Normal era. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the e-learning course on subjects 'Learn and Learning' with Moodle-based for prospective teachers in Indonesia. This research was conducted using the Berg and Gail development method. The development instruments were validated by experts, and further product development was carried out in an integrated and simultaneous manner by the Higher Education Research Consortium Team (KRUPT) from Padang State University, Malang State University, Jakarta State University, Medan State University and Surabaya State University. This product is declared valid by the Expert, both in content, design and IT. Tests were limited during the Covid 19 pandemic and data collection was carried out online. Data collected in the form of an online questionnaire to student respondents (n = 40). Based on respondent questionnaire data, this product was declared to be very suitable for online learning, reaching 3.967 which indicated the highly acceptance level. Based on this research, it was concluded that e-learning products for subjects with learning and learning subjects could be widely used in the Educational Personnel Education Institution in Indonesia.

A simple graph G = (V (G), E(G)) admits an H-covering if every edge in E(G) belongs to a subgraph of G that is isomorphic to H and there is a bijective function ξ:V(G)∪E(G)→{ 1,2,...,| V(G) |+| E(G) | } such that for all subgraphs H' isomorphic to H, the H-weights w(H') = ∑v∈V (H') ξ(v) + ∑e∈E(H') ξ(e) constitute an arithmetic progression a, a + d, a + 2d, ..., a + (t − 1)d where a and d are positive integers and t is the number of subgraphs of G isomorphic to H. The labeling ξ is called a super (a, d)-H-anti magic total labeling, if ξ (V(G)) = {1, 2, ..., |V (G)|}. The aim of this research is to find some (a, d)-H-anti magic total labelings on double cones graph.

Learning in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 has shifted the role of learning teachers to confirm teachers. This research aims to analyze the acceptability of e-learning products in Educational Basic Courses (MKDK) of Education Professions for students at the Educational Institution (LPTK) in Indonesia. In this study conducted by the Borg and Gall development method, and the testing process is carried out online. Analysis of product feasibility using online questionnaires to 40 respondents. The result is an instrument of development declared valid by experts, both in substance material, learning design and information technology (IT). Based on the questionnaire score analysis, e-learning products have a high acceptance score, which is 3.88. This figure means that MKDK e-learning products in the Educational Profession have high feasibility, so they can be implemented for online lectures for LPTK students in Indonesia.

Learning in the industrial revolution era 4.0 and the Covid 19 pandemic period shifted towards digital and online learning. This research aims to analyze the Basic Educational Course (MKDK) elearning product for Student Development that was developed. The method used is mixed method research, qualitative and quantitative mixture. The development of e-learning products uses the Borg and Gall method, while validity and practicality are carried out by questionnaire analysis to respondents online. The instruments for product development and testing have been declared valid by Expert, both in content, design and IT. Based on data from respondents (n = 40), MKDK e-learning products have a high acceptability (3.84) and are appropriate to use. From the aspect of e-learning that was examined, the material portion or content substance had the highest yield, 4,215. Meanwhile, the evaluation aspect received the lowest score, which was 3,588. Based on this research, it was concluded that e-learning products for subjects with learning and learning subjects could be widely used in the Educational Institution (LPTK) in Indonesia.