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The literature supports the importance of parenting styles that are necessary to fulfill the developmental needs of the children and eventually improve their quality of life. Baumrind’s typology of parenting styles was used. There are many studies that examined the relationship of parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian and permissive parenting styles) and academic performance, but there is lack of measurement of the relationship with respect to Pakistan. Current study analyzed the relationship of parenting styles and academic performance along with self-efficacy as mediating variable. Sample of the study consists of 313 university students from four academic departments. Measures included the parenting styles and self-efficacy. GPA was taken as a measure of academic performance of adolescents. Self-reported questionnaire was used to take the response from students. With the help of structural equation modeling, structural model was tested. Results of the study indicate that parenting styles individually have no significant relationship with the academic performance. In addition to this, self-efficacy only mediates the relationship of authoritative parenting style and academic performance. It can be concluded that self-efficacy in individuals is an important attribute necessary for the psychological development of the adolescents. Self-efficacy enhances the individual’s confidence to progress. There is a need to conduct more research on the relationship of parenting styles and academic performance in Pakistan. Implications for parents, teachers, are discussed.

There is ample research on aggression amongst children and adolescents that highlights several antecedents of aggression. While researchers have remarked on the relationship between parenting styles and aggression in children, there are few studies that integrate and systemize the available studies on parenting styles and aggression. The present review is an attempt to fill this gap. For this review, relevant studies were first searched, then coded and classified. As a result of thorough review, 34 relevant studies were identified. The review shows that parenting styles have a direct impact on aggression in children. Authoritative parenting styles play a positive role in psychological behavior in children while authoritarian and permissive parenting styles result in aggressive and negative behaviors in children. The current study also suggests that there is room to conduct studies on this topic in developing countries. Future research should be undertaken in developing and under-developed countries and should focus on mixed modes of research and examine the direct influence of parenting styles on aggressive behavior in children in different cultural contexts.

Literature accords the importance of parenting style and their impact on young adolescent’s behavior. There are many factors that affect the academic performance of children and parenting styles is one of the significant factors of academic performance. But there is lack of research that integrates and systemizes the relationship between parenting styles and academic performance especially in Pakistan. The unit of analysis of this research was studies that were previously conducted on parenting styles and academic performance of young children. Main focus of search was to availability of data that is most recent and relevant, so this research paper focuses on 39 studies. Articles from seven databases (Google Scholar, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis Journals, Web of Science, JSTOR, Springer link and SAGE Journals) were identified related to the topic using a pre-established set of terms that included both parenting styles and academic performance. All the studies highlighted that parenting styles affect the academic achievement of adolescents. It was analyzed that authoritative parenting style is the most effective parenting style in enhancing the academic performance of young children. More research is needed on parenting styles in different continents to have an understanding of the cultural effect of parenting styles on the academic performance of adolescents. Implications for parents and policy makers are discussed.

The study aimed to measure transformational leadership and its impact on organizational creativity and patient safety in hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, This study is a quantitative study that follow the descriptive and analytical approach depending on questionnaire that was Applied on a sample of (251) of workers at hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the study reaches conclusions the most important of which there were a high rating for transformational leadership in hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study also found an association between transformational leadership and the creative behavior of workers and patient safety in hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In light of the results, the research reached recommendations the most important of which that hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Promote transformational leadership to promote the creative behavior of workers and patient safety in hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Lupus erythematosus panniculitis is a quite rare entity disease, and to our knowledge occurs in the lower extremity as an initial manifestation of Systemic lupus erythematosus which is very rarely reported. This report presents a case of a 36-year-old female who presented with recurrent subcutaneous nodules on her lower extremities. Further history and physical examination revealed hands and knee joints arthritis with recurrent painless oral ulceration. The blood work performed on the patient revealed positive antinuclear antibody and anti‐double strand DNA ; hence, the diagnosis of Systemic lupus erythematosus was determined. Skin biopsy was performed and showed lobular panniculitis with heavy infiltration of lymphocyte and plasma cells, and the diagnosis of lupus panniculitis was confirmed. Treatment was started with low doses of systemic steroids and hydroxychloroquine, which resulted in complete clinical remission. التهاب السبلة الشحمية المصاحب للذئبة الحمراء يعتبر من الحالات النادرة و كما يعتبر ظهوره في الأطراف السفلية كبداية للمرض نادر الحدوث أيضا. تقرير هذا الحالة يتحدث عن حالة مريضة تبلغ من العمر 36 عاما تشتكي من عقيدات تحت الجلد في أطرافها السفلية بصفة متكررة. و قد أسفر البحث في تاريخ مرضها و فحصها عن آلام في اليدين و المفاصل و تقرحات متكررة في الفم. نتيجة فحوصات الدم للمريضة كانت موجبة لأضداد النوى و الحمض النووي المتكرر و تم تشخيص الحالة بالذئبة الحمراء. كما أخذت عينة من الجلد و تم فحصها ليتم تشخيص التهاب السبلة الشحمية المصاحب للذئبة الحمراء. خضعت المريضة للعلاج بجرعات قليلة من الكورتيزون و الهيدروكلوركين مما أعطى نتيجة علاجية إيجابية و أدى إلى خمود المرض إكلينيكيا.

This explanatory study seeks to explain the relationship between affective, continuance and normative commitment with turnover intentions of academicians serving in public sector universities of Pakistan. Specific goals are: (1) To investigate relationship between affective, continuance and normative commitment and turnover intentions and (2) To develop a research model for AC, CC and NC measures for education sector of Pakistan. An attempt has been made to overview the available literature of affective, continuance and normative commitment in relation to turnover intentions. A summary of research findings and conclusions are given at the end of the review.

There is no doubt that energized power transmission lines and power transformers are sources of electro-magnetic field (EMF) (EMF). This EMF varies by equipment depending on the level of voltage and the current-carrying capacity. Some studies claim a relationship between EMF and leukaemia, but no strong evidence has yet appeared. Organisations such as The Electric Power Research Institute, Inc., and the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection set limits on the maximum allowable safe exposure of EMF to the human body. The aim of the present study is to measure the EMF associated with energized power transmission lines and power transformers to determine whether these measurements exceed the set limits. Unfortunately, the results show that inhabitants in the vicinity of the investigated 380 kV power transmission line would be under the effect of the electric field effect. Moreover, the high-voltage substations examined in the study display magnetic fields that exceed the limit. مما لا شك فيه أن شبكات الكهرباء و محطات التحويل هي مصدر للمجالين المغناطيسي و الكهربائي (الكهرومغناطيسي) و قيمة هذين المجالين تتغير بتغير قيمة التيار و قيمة الجهد. إن بعض الدراسات تؤكد وجود علاقة بين المجال الكهرومغناطيسي و اللوكيميا و لكن لا يوجد تأكيد عملي واضح على هذا التأثير الآن. لقد وضعت بعض الهيئات و المعاهد الدولية مثل (INCIRP, ERPI) حدودا قصوى لتحمل المجالين الكهربائي و المغناطيسي. إن الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو قياس شدة المجالين الكهربائي و المغناطيسي المصاحب للطاقة الكهربائية و معرفة ما إذا كانت شدة المجالين أكبر من الحد المسموح به عالميا. لسوء الحظ فإن بعض النتائج تشير إلى أن الساكنين بالقرب من شبكة 380 ك ف المعنية بالدراسة سيكونون تحت تأثير شدة المجال الكهربائي، بالإضافة إلى أن محطات التحويل تصدر مجالاً مغناطيسياً أكبر من الحد المسموح به عالمياً و هذا يعرض الساكنين لتداعيات تأثير شدة المجال المغناطيسي.

Particulate matters (PMs) are significant components of air pollution in the urban environment. PMs with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) can penetrate to the alveolar area and introduce numerous compounds to the pneumocystis that can initiate inflammatory response. There are several questions about this exposure as follows: does PM 2.5 -induced inflammation lead to a specific disease? If yes, what is the form of the progressed disease? This systematic review was designed and conducted to respond to these questions. Four databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase, were reviewed systematically to find the related articles. According to the included articles, the only available data on the inflammatory effects of PM 2.5 comes from either in vitro or animal studies. Both types of studies have shown that the induced inflammation is type I and includes secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The exposure duration of longer than 28 weeks was not observed in any of the reviewed studies. However, as there is not a specific antigenic component in the urban particulate matters and based on the available evidence, the antigen-presenting is not a common process in the inflammatory responses to PM 2.5 . Therefore, neither signaling to repair cells such as fibroblasts nor over-secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins can occur following PM 2.5 -induced inflammation. These pieces of evidence weaken the probability of the development of fibrotic diseases. On the other hand, permanent inflammation induces the destruction of ECM and alveolar walls by over-secretion of protease enzymes and therefore results in progressive obstructive effects.

With respect to battery management and safe operation and maintenance scheduling of electric vehicles (EVs), it is very important to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Accurate prediction of RUL can bring secure working conditions, avert internal and external failure, and, last, avoid any undesirable consequences. However, achieving accurate prediction of RUL is complicated for EV applications due to various reasons such as the complex operational characteristics, dynamic changes in the model parameters during the aging process, extraction of battery parameters, data preparation, and hyper-parameter tuning of the predictive model. This research proposes a novel approach that integrates Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with a multi-model technique for RUL prediction. The framework integrates many machine learning (ML) models and deep learning (DL) models. Combining domain knowledge, advanced optimization techniques, and learning models to make high-accuracy RUL predictions reduces maintenance costs and improves battery management systems. This study uses domain-driven feature engineering to extract battery-specific indicators, including voltage drops, charging time, and temperature fluctuations, to increase model accuracy. Among the evaluated models, LSTM demonstrates superior performance, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.34, a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.76, and an R2 of 0.93, providing the best results in RUL prediction. The proposed research uniquely integrates PSO-based optimization with domain-driven feature engineering across multiple machine learning and deep learning models, demonstrating a unified and novel approach that significantly improves the prediction accuracy of RUL in LIBs.