Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
99,573
result(s) for
"Maxwell, T"
Sort by:
Who speaks for the climate? : making sense of media reporting on climate change
\"The public rely upon media representations to help interpret and make sense of the many complexities relating to climate science and governance. Media representations of climate issues - from news to entertainment - are powerful and important links between people's everyday realities and experiences, and the ways in which they are discussed by scientists, policymakers and public actors. A dynamic mix of influences - from internal workings of mass media such as journalistic norms, to external political, economic, cultural and social factors - shape what becomes a climate 'story'. Providing a bridge between academic considerations and real world developments, this book helps students, academic researchers and interested members of the public make sense of media reporting on climate change as it explores 'who speaks for climate' and what effects this may have on the spectrum of possible responses to contemporary climate challenges\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The microbial landscape of colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial source of global morbidity and mortality in dire need of improved prevention and treatment strategies. As our understanding of CRC grows, it is becoming increasingly evident that the gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms in direct interface with the colon, plays a substantial role in CRC development and progression. Understanding the roles that individual microorganisms and complex microbial communities play in CRC pathogenesis, along with their attendant mechanisms, will help yield novel preventive and therapeutic interventions for CRC. In this Review, we discuss recent evidence concerning global perturbations of the gut microbiota in CRC, associations of specific microorganisms with CRC, the underlying mechanisms by which microorganisms potentially drive CRC development and the roles of complex microbial communities in CRC pathogenesis. While our understanding of the relationship between the microbiota and CRC has improved in recent years, our findings highlight substantial gaps in current research that need to be filled before this knowledge can be used to the benefit of patients.In this Review, White and Sears examine recent evidence showing the link between the gut microbiota and colorectal cancer (CRC) and discuss the roles and mechanisms of specific microorganisms as well as of complex microbial communities in the pathogenesis of CRC.
Journal Article
Creative (climate) communications : productive pathways for science, policy and society
Conversations about climate change at the science-policy interface and in our lives have been stuck for some time. This handbook integrates lessons from the social sciences and humanities to more effectively make connections through issues, people, and things that everyday citizens care about. Readers will come away with an enhanced understanding that there is no 'silver bullet' to communications about climate change; instead, a 'silver buckshot' approach is needed, where strategies effectively reach different audiences in different contexts. This tactic can then significantly improve efforts that seek meaningful, substantive, and sustained responses to contemporary climate challenges. It can also help to effectively recapture a common or middle ground on climate change in the public arena. Readers will come away with ideas on how to harness creativity to better understand what kinds of communications work where, when, why, and under what conditions in the twenty-first century.
Book
Generalizing the relativistic quantization condition to include all three-pion isospin channels
A
bstract
We present a generalization of the relativistic, finite-volume, three-particle quantization condition for non-identical pions in isosymmetric QCD. The resulting formalism allows one to use discrete finite-volume energies, determined using lattice QCD, to constrain scattering amplitudes for all possible values of two- and three-pion isospin. As for the case of identical pions considered previously, the result splits into two steps: the first defines a non-perturbative function with roots equal to the allowed energies,
E
n
(
L
), in a given cubic volume with side-length
L
. This function depends on an intermediate three-body quantity, denoted
K
df
,
3
,
which can thus be constrained from lattice QCD in- put. The second step is a set of integral equations relating
K
df
,
3
to the physical scattering amplitude, ℳ
3
. Both of the key relations,
E
n
(
L
)
↔
K
df
,
3
and
K
df
,
3
↔
ℳ
3
,
are shown to be block-diagonal in the basis of definite three-pion isospin,
I
πππ
, so that one in fact recovers four independent relations, corresponding to
I
πππ
= 0
,
1
,
2
,
3. We also provide the generalized threshold expansion of
K
df
,
3
for all channels, as well as parameterizations for all three-pion resonances present for
I
πππ
= 0 and
I
πππ
= 1. As an example of the utility of the generalized formalism, we present a toy implementation of the quantization condition for
I
πππ
= 0, focusing on the quantum numbers of the
ω
and
h
1
resonances.
Journal Article
Incorporating DDπ effects and left-hand cuts in lattice QCD studies of the Tcc(3875)
A
bstract
We generalize the relativistic field-theoretic three-particle finite-volume scattering formalism to describe generic
DDπ
systems in the charm
C
= 2 sector. This includes the isospin-0 channel, in which the recently discovered doubly-charmed tetraquark
T
cc
(3875)
+
is expected to manifest as a pole in the
DDπ
→
DDπ
scattering amplitude. The formalism presented here can also be applied to lattice QCD settings in which the
D
*
is bound and, in particular, remains valid below the left-hand cut in
DD
*
scattering, thus resolving an issue in previous analyses of lattice-determined finite-volume energies.
Journal Article
Phenology and related traits for wheat adaptation
Wheat is a major food crop, with around 765 million tonnes produced globally. The largest wheat producers include the European Union, China, India, Russia, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, Ukraine and Argentina. Cultivation of wheat across such diverse global environments with variation in climate, biotic and abiotic stresses, requires cultivars adapted to a range of growing conditions. One intrinsic way that wheat achieves adaptation is through variation in phenology (seasonal timing of the lifecycle) and related traits (e.g., those affecting plant architecture). It is important to understand the genes that underlie this variation, and how they interact with each other, other traits and the growing environment. This review summarises the current understanding of phenology and developmental traits that adapt wheat to different environments. Examples are provided to illustrate how different combinations of alleles can facilitate breeding of wheat varieties with optimal crop performance for different growing regions or farming systems.
Journal Article
Reflection equivariant quantum neural networks for enhanced image classification
Machine learning is among the most widely anticipated use cases for near-term quantum computers, however there remain significant theoretical and implementation challenges impeding its scale up. In particular, there is an emerging body of work which suggests that generic, data agnostic quantum machine learning (QML) architectures may suffer from severe trainability issues, with the gradient of typical variational parameters vanishing exponentially in the number of qubits. Additionally, the high expressibility of QML models can lead to overfitting on training data and poor generalisation performance. A promising strategy to combat both of these difficulties is to construct models which explicitly respect the symmetries inherent in their data, so-called geometric quantum machine learning (GQML). In this work, we utilise the techniques of GQML for the task of image classification, building new QML models which are equivariant with respect to reflections of the images. We find that these networks are capable of consistently and significantly outperforming generic ansatze on complicated real-world image datasets, bringing high-resolution image classification via quantum computers closer to reality. Our work highlights a potential pathway for the future development and implementation of powerful QML models which directly exploit the symmetries of data.
Journal Article
Decay amplitudes to three hadrons from finite-volume matrix elements
A
bstract
We derive relations between finite-volume matrix elements and infinite-volume decay amplitudes, for processes with three spinless, degenerate and either identical or non-identical particles in the final state. This generalizes the Lellouch-Lüscher relation for two-particle decays and provides a strategy for extracting three-hadron decay amplitudes using lattice QCD. Unlike for two particles, even in the simplest approximation, one must solve integral equations to obtain the physical decay amplitude, a consequence of the nontrivial finite-state interactions. We first derive the result in a simplified theory with three identical particles, and then present the generalizations needed to study phenomenologically relevant three-pion decays. The specific processes we discuss are the CP-violating
K
→ 3
π
weak decay, the isospin-breaking
η
→ 3
π
QCD transition, and the electromagnetic
γ
*
→ 3
π
amplitudes that enter the calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muonic
g −
2.
Journal Article
Inclusive rates from smeared spectral densities in the two-dimensional O(3) non-linear σ-model
A
bstract
This work employs the spectral reconstruction approach of ref. [
1
] to determine an inclusive rate in the 1 + 1 dimensional O(3) non-linear
σ
-model, analogous to the QCD part of
e
+
e
−
→ hadrons. The Euclidean two-point correlation function of the conserved current
j
is computed using Monte Carlo lattice field theory simulations for a variety of spacetime volumes and lattice spacings. The spectral density of this correlator is related to the inclusive rate for
j
→ X in which all final states produced by the external current are summed. The ill-posed inverse problem of determining the spectral density from the correlation function is made tractable through the determination of smeared spectral densities in which the desired density is convolved with a set of known smearing kernels of finite width
ϵ
. The smooth energy dependence of the underlying spectral density enables a controlled
ϵ
→ 0 extrapolation in the inelastic region, yielding the real-time inclusive rate without reference to individual finite-volume energies or matrix elements. Systematic uncertainties due to cutoff effects and residual finite-volume effects are estimated and taken into account in the final error budget. After taking the continuum limit, the results are consistent with the known analytic rate to within the combined statistical and systematic errors. Above energies where 20-particle states contribute, the overall precision is sufficient to discern the four-particle contribution to the spectral density.
Journal Article
Long distance contributions to neutral D-meson mixing from lattice QCD
A
bstract
The study of neutral
D
-meson mixing provides a unique probe of long-distance effects in the charm sector, where Standard Model contributions are dominated by nonperturbative effects. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of using spectral reconstruction techniques within lattice QCD to compute the long-distance contributions to
D
0
−
D
¯
0
mixing. After outlining the general formalism describing neutral meson mixing in the charm sector, we focus on the determination of the mixing amplitudes and the dimensionless parameters
x
= ∆
m
D
/
Γ
D
and
y
= ∆Γ
D
/
(2Γ
D
), which respectively encode the mass and width differences between the
D
-meson mass eigenstates. We discuss in detail the required theoretical and computational framework, including the definition and renormalization of the four-quark operators entering the ∆
C
= 1 weak Hamiltonian, and strategies for evaluating the relevant correlation functions employing variance-reduction techniques. To extract the mixing ampli- tudes, we explore methods for reconstructing the spectral density from lattice correlators, providing preliminary assessments of the data quality required to reach the scaling regime, where the smearing width is small enough to yield physically meaningful results. Our findings lay the groundwork for future precision determinations of long-distance contributions to
D
-meson mixing from first principles.
Journal Article