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"May, Peter"
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The Blackhouse : a novel
\"When a grisly murder occurs on the Isle of Lewis that bears similarities to a brutal killing on the mainland, Edinburgh detective and native islander Fin Macleod is dispatched to the Outer Hebrides to investigate, embarking at the same time on a voyage into his own troubled past\"--Amazon.com.
Book
Open Access to the JESS Chemical Reaction Database
The JESS (Joint Expert Speciation System) Thermodynamic Database (v8.9) is now available as a set of freely available PDF files. This reaction database contains about 280,000 thermodynamic parameters (equilibrium constants, enthalpies, etc.) as published in the literature for over 80,000 chemical reactions. It is grounded in the tradition of the Stability Constants Special Publications (by the Chemical Society) but it has become much more extensive and it includes some quantitative indication of parameter reliability based mainly on intra- and extra-reaction consistency.
Journal Article
The Lewis man
Fin Macleod returns to the outer Hebridean island of his youth to make amends and restore his parents' cottage before investigating a death involving family secrets and a sinister adversary.
Book
Thermodynamic Data for Sn(IV) Species in Aqueous Solution: A Matter of Controversy and Error
Critically assessed data regarding Sn(IV) dioxides and hydroxy complexes have recently been challenged. Differences as large as nine orders of magnitude occur in certain of the published solubility products and other equilibrium constants, despite supposedly being derived from the same ‘reliable’ measurements. We show how these differing conclusions depend on the assignments of uncertainty in the respective experimental observations and that the divergence is due to error propagation in identifiable thermodynamic analyses. The use of Sn
4+
as a ‘basis’/‘master’ species in thermodynamic modelling is deprecated. Automatic methods which enable the necessary calculations to be properly evaluated, as well as easily repeated, help uncover such mistakes. The results from the comprehensive NEA review are substantially confirmed.
Journal Article
Snake head
A vehicle crammed with dozens of dead Chinese immigrants is found in southern Texas. Pathologist Margaret Campbell must put aside her horror, and find out why. Detective Li Yan - an even more unwelcome memory for Campbell - has arrived stateside to investigate a link in the case to a lucrative trade in illegal labourers. Li and Campbell will soon find that the crime scene hides another secret: a biological time bomb linking traffickers, politicians and migrants in Beijing, Washington and Texas - posing multiple countries one, very singular, thread.
Book
Chemical evidence for the tradeoff-in-the-nephron hypothesis to explain secondary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) complicates advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and causes skeletal and other morbidity. In animal models of CKD, SHPT was prevented and reversed by reduction of dietary phosphate in proportion to GFR, but the phenomena underlying these observations are not understood. The tradeoff-in-the-nephron hypothesis states that as GFR falls, the phosphate concentration in the distal convoluted tubule ([P].sub.DCT ]) rises, reduces the ionized calcium concentration in that segment ([Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT ), and thereby induces increased secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) to maintain normal calcium reabsorption. In patients with CKD, we previously documented correlations between [PTH] and phosphate excreted per volume of filtrate (E.sub.P /C.sub.cr ), a surrogate for [P].sub.DCT . In the present investigation, we estimated [P].sub.DCT from physiologic considerations and measurements of phosphaturia, and sought evidence for a specific chemical phenomenon by which increased [P].sub.DCT could lower [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT and raise [PTH]. We studied 28 patients (\"CKD\") with eGFR of 14-49 mL/min/1.73m.sup.2 (mean 29.9 ± 9.5) and 27 controls (\"CTRL\") with eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73m.sup.2 (mean 86.2 ± 10.2). In each subject, total [Ca].sub.DCT and [P].sub.DCT were deduced from relevant laboratory data. The Joint Expert Speciation System (JESS) was used to calculate [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT and concentrations of related chemical species under the assumption that a solid phase of amorphous calcium phosphate (Ca.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 (am., s.)) could precipitate. Regressions of [PTH] on eGFR, [P].sub.DCT, and [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT were then examined. At filtrate pH of 6.8 and 7.0, [P].sub.DCT was found to be the sole determinant of [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT, and precipitation of Ca.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 (am., s.) appeared to mediate this result. At pH 6.6, total [Ca].sub.DCT was the principal determinant of [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT, [P].sub.DCT was a minor determinant, and precipitation of Ca.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 (am., s.) was predicted in no CKD and five CTRL. In CKD, at all three pH values, [PTH] varied directly with [P].sub.DCT and inversely with [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT, and a reduced [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT was identified at which [PTH] rose unequivocally. Relationships of [PTH] to [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT and to eGFR resembled each other closely. As [P].sub.DCT increases, chemical speciation calculations predict reduction of [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT through precipitation of Ca.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 (am., s.). [PTH] appears to rise unequivocally if [Ca.sup.++ ].sub.DCT falls sufficiently. These results support the tradeoff-in-the-nephron hypothesis, and they explain why proportional phosphate restriction prevented and reversed SHPT in experimental CKD. Whether equally stringent treatment can be as efficacious in humans warrants investigation.
Journal Article
The firemaker
\"A grotesquely burned corpse found in a city park is a troubling mystery for Beijing detective Li Yan. Yan, devoted to his career as a means of restoring the respect his family lost during the Cultural Revolution, needs outside help if he is to break the case. The unidentified cadaver in turn provides a welcome distraction for forensic pathologist Margaret Campbell. Campbell, married to her work and having left America and her broken past behind, throws herself into the investigation and before long uncovers a bizarre anomaly. An unlikely partnership develops between Li and Campbell as they follow the resulting lead. A fiery and volatile chemistry ignites, exposing not only their individual demons, but an even greater evil--a conspiracy that threatens their lives, as well as those of millions of others.\" -- Back cover.
Book
Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids
To progress from the laboratory to commercial applications, it will be necessary to develop industrially scalable methods to produce large quantities of defect-free graphene. Here we show that high-shear mixing of graphite in suitable stabilizing liquids results in large-scale exfoliation to give dispersions of graphene nanosheets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy show the exfoliated flakes to be unoxidized and free of basal-plane defects. We have developed a simple model that shows exfoliation to occur once the local shear rate exceeds 10
4
s
−1
. By fully characterizing the scaling behaviour of the graphene production rate, we show that exfoliation can be achieved in liquid volumes from hundreds of millilitres up to hundreds of litres and beyond. The graphene produced by this method performs well in applications from composites to conductive coatings. This method can be applied to exfoliate BN, MoS
2
and a range of other layered crystals.
Methods to achieve large-scale production of defect-free graphene are needed to enable the commercial development of graphene-based devices. It is now shown that high-shear mixing is an effective way to exfoliate graphene and other two-dimensional materials in liquid volumes up to hundreds of litres.
Journal Article