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"McCool, Matthew"
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Writing around the world : a guide to writing across cultures
Cultures use different writing strategies because they strive for different goals. Some cultures rely on writer responsibility while other cultures rely on reader responsibility. Writer responsibility emphasizes clear and concise prose, actions over subjects, practical implications, and follows a deductive logical structure. Misunderstandings are the writer's responsibility. Reader responsibility emphasizes flowery and ornate prose, subjects instead of actions, theoretical implications, and follows an inductive logical structure. Misunderstandings are the reader's responsibility. The differences between writer responsibility and reader responsibility help explain why some cultures prefer clarity when other cultures prefer complexity. The problem is that both writing styles are perfectly acceptable, but only within their given context. And this is why global writers need Writing Around the World.which:Â provides an overview to intercultural writing - explains the concept of the 'deepest dimensions of culture' - links language, thought, and culture - dissects two contrastive papers, including anatomy, basic principles, matters of form, and even style - connects logic and ethics with intercultural writing - offers tips and tools for writing around the world.
eBook
Information Architecture: Intercultural Human Factors
Although information architecture has included a wide range of cultural adaptations for internationalizing and localizing online information, rarely have these efforts involved going beyond superficial cultural considerations. Initially, internationalization concentrated on the outer
layers of culture, such as avoiding specific colors and inappropriate icons, as well as incorporating local currency and time standards. While internationalizing these features contributes to an effective online environment across culture, they represent the initial stages of internationalization
and localization requirements. Fortunately, current international information architecture research provides useful guidelines and heuristics for localizing online information. This article explores the claim that current internationalization and localization efforts presume particular
cultural values and that an effective online environment for international audiences requires structural or architectural reconsideration. Using a Japanese deliverable as a model, this examination maps cultural dimensions to different elements of information architecture. The result of this
examination provides suggestions for future internationalization and localization projects.
Journal Article
Information architecture in the Sonoran biosphere
This qualitative case study examines the adaptations of a Sonoran biosphere science guide for the online environment. These results indicate that Sonoran personnel benefit from taxonomic reorganization based on metaphor, and that overall structure should be constrained to minimize user uncertainty.
Dissertation
Creative Writing around the World
This chapter assumes the concerns that matter most to the mind, goals that affect the entire human species, are presented in language that reflects the culture in which it originates. Not everyone on the planet has the same assumptions about the power of language, what it should be used for, how it is supposed to be applied in complex social situations, or what happens when you put it into print. The author tries to convince the reader of this argument. He then offers a few thoughts on predicting how language will come to be understood in terms of creative writing and world literature. The chapter also discusses how cultures use language to communicate, and to then transfer this knowledge to different writing strategies. The chapter makes connections between culture and creative writing through the product of two authors well‐known in world literature.
Book Chapter
Optimizing International Information Systems
This chapter addresses a computational theory of mind, whereby the mental life is likened to information processing and computation; emergent cultural properties, which are the deepest dimensions of culture; and international optimization through revised taxonomies and search engines. It presents a revised framework for optimizing international information systems. A computational theory of mind is useful for understanding culture. The chapter deals with a description of the latest general-purpose understanding of the mind, as seen through computation and specialization. It considers the adaptive unconscious, the conceptual and most ancient aspect of the mind, which serves as a kind of autopilot. The chapter offers preliminary considerations for achieving an international information system, organizational taxonomies, and retrieval algorithms. Optimizing international information systems depends on a sound intercultural theory of mind. Optimizing international information systems requires not only a reappraisal of culture but also a reworking of the structural and retrieval mechanisms that drive an online system.
Book Chapter