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"McFarland, Ben (Benjamin J.)"
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A World from Dust
In A World From Dust, Ben McFarland brings together the latest genetic, chemical, mathematic, and geological evidence to tell the story of how life has evolved on this planet over billions of years.
eBook
Large loss of CO 2 in winter observed across the northern permafrost region
Recent warming in the Arctic, which has been amplified during the winter
, greatly enhances microbial decomposition of soil organic matter and subsequent release of carbon dioxide (CO
)
. However, the amount of CO
released in winter is highly uncertain and has not been well represented by ecosystem models or by empirically-based estimates
. Here we synthesize regional
observations of CO
flux from arctic and boreal soils to assess current and future winter carbon losses from the northern permafrost domain. We estimate a contemporary loss of 1662 Tg C yr
from the permafrost region during the winter season (October through April). This loss is greater than the average growing season carbon uptake for this region estimated from process models (-1032 Tg C yr
). Extending model predictions to warmer conditions in 2100 indicates that winter CO
emissions will increase 17% under a moderate mitigation scenario-Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5-and 41% under business-as-usual emissions scenario-RCP 8.5. Our results provide a new baseline for winter CO
emissions from northern terrestrial regions and indicate that enhanced soil CO
loss due to winter warming may offset growing season carbon uptake under future climatic conditions.
Journal Article