Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
5
result(s) for
"McQuade, Samuel C"
Sort by:
We Must Educate Young People about Cybercrime before They Start College
A growing body of empirical research strongly suggests that adolescents and young adults are increasingly becoming both victims and perpetrators of crime and abuse enabled by information technology. The US federal government has stressed technological, legislative, and law-enforcement solutions to these problems. Efforts to protect children have frequently focused on the dangers of adult sexual predators and efforts to prevent minors from gaining access to pornography. Those and similar efforts are notable, undoubtedly helpful, and terribly inadequate. Yet the need to teach students how to use the devices in a manner that is safe, secure, and ethical has been ignored. This article provides six steps higher education should take to help foster the educational and work-force training reform that is needed in this country. Higher education can and must help to prepare graduates who can keep America's computing society safe and secure.
Journal Article
Cops versus crooks: Technological competition and complexity in the co-evolution of information technologies and money laundering
Technologies, the convergence of relatively simple-to-complex tools and techniques enabling human behaviors and accomplishments, constitute a primary force for competitive advantage in crime versus policing. Modern information technologies (IT) are inherently complex and fundamental to the commission, detection, prevention and control of emerging forms of high tech financial crime. Money laundering is a financial crime committed via IT-facilitated placement, layering, and reintegration of illicit funds into legitimate and illegitimate economies. Hence, my thesis that: criminal adoption and use of IT to commit money laundering throughout the 20th Century resulted in it becoming increasingly complex and therefore more difficult for the police to manage. Increasing technological complexity in money laundering presents special challenges and implies the need to consider technology explicitly when formulating public policies for its prevention and control. To this end, my research explains: (a) how crime and policing co-evolve technologically; (b) how technological complexity factors into crime and policing evolutionary processes; (c) how money laundering co-evolved with IT to create an extremely complex basis for the perpetuation of transnational organized crime; and (d) how public policies can ameliorate law enforcement's technological disadvantages with criminals and thereby improve detection, prevention, and control of money laundering and other forms of high tech crime. My research also advances a new conceptual framework for understanding how some crime and methods for policing it become increasingly complex as the result of adopting complex technologies. Methods include: (1) purposive interviewing of experts and content analysis of interview transcripts; (2) history construction of money laundering in the U.S; and (3) comparison of federal case prosecution records for evidence of increasing complexity in money laundering before and after widespread public use of the Internet.
Dissertation
Burden of Shigella among children with diarrhea in the Americas: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shigella is a leading cause of diarrhea worldwide. While the burden of Shigella has been shown to be highest in Africa and Asia, recent studies have also shown considerable burden in the Americas. With several pediatric Shigella vaccines in clinical development, policymakers in the region will eventually consider whether a Shigella vaccine is appropriate for their setting.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to summarize the burden (characterized by prevalence, incidence, and attributable fraction estimates) of Shigella diarrhea among children under 72 months in the Americas, excluding the U.S., Canada, and Greenland. We searched published and pre-print articles available in six databases from January 1, 2000 through July 18, 2024. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted for subgroups of interest when relevant data from at least two studies were present.
This review included 34 studies conducted across 14 countries in the region. Prevalence was most frequently reported, followed by incidence, then attributable fraction. Across all prevalence studies that used a culture detection method (n = 23), the pooled prevalence of Shigella among diarrhea cases was 3.1% (95% CI: 1.6- 5.8). The pooled prevalence among 7 studies that used PCR/qPCR detection methods was 16.5% (95% CI: 11.1-24.0). Among culture-based results, the pooled prevalence estimate for children <12 months was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.1 - 7.7) compared to 4.6% (95% CI: 1.2 - 15.4) for children ≥12 months.
Despite varying reporting practices, we found Shigella to be an important contributor to diarrhea in many settings in the Americas with substantial heterogeneity. Limited geographic representation and variable reporting of age group specific estimates were the major gaps in data. Investment in Shigella surveillance in the Americas using a standardized methodology can contribute to accelerating Shigella vaccine development in consideration of regional preferences and optimal age of introduction.
Journal Article
A Missed Opportunity: Extragenital Screening for Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Sexually Transmitted Infections in People With HIV in a Southeastern Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Clinic Setting
Abstract
Background
Guidelines recommend annual screening for gonorrhea/chlamydia in sexually active people with HIV at multiple sites (urogenital, oropharyngeal, rectal). In the first year of multisite screening at our Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program clinic, we studied (1) sexual history documentation rate, (2) sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening rate, (3) characteristics associated with STIs, and (4) the percentage of extragenital STIs that would have been missed without multisite screening.
Methods
Participants were ≥14 years old with ≥1 in-person medical visit at our clinic in 2019. Descriptive analyses were performed, and adjusting for number of sites tested, a log-binomial model was used to estimate the association between characteristics and STI diagnosis in men.
Results
In this cohort (n = 857), 21% had no sexual history recorded. Almost all STI diagnoses were among males (99.3%). Sixty-eight percent (253/375) received appropriate urogenital testing, 63% (85/134) received appropriate oropharyngeal testing, and 69% (72/105) received appropriate rectal testing. In male participants with ≥1 STI test (n = 347), Hispanic ethnicity and having a detectable HIV viral load were associated with an STI diagnosis. Of those diagnosed with an STI who had multisite testing, 96% (n = 25/26) were positive only at an extragenital site.
Conclusions
Screening rates were similar across all anatomical sites, indicating no obvious bias against extragenital testing. In males, STIs were more frequently diagnosed in people who identify as Hispanic and those with detectable viral loads, which may indicate more condomless sex in these populations. Based on infections detected exclusively at extragenital sites, our clinic likely underdiagnosed STIs before implementation of multisite screening.
Journal Article