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The SDT (shock to detonation transition) technology based on a two-stage structure has been researched. The models of mass block's velocity and shock-wave convergence produced from mass block impacting charge have been built, which reveal the mechanism of detonation caused by the impact. The influence characteristics of some parameters on the shock-wave convergence have been obtained. According to the analysis, the related parameters have been decided and the grope experiments were carried out. The result shows that the detonator employing the SDT structure, whose igniting time is less than 2ms, has good environmental adaptability. The technique of reliable and fast detonation of high explosive without using sensitive explosive has been realized.

A new microtensile test device using a magnetic-solenoid force actuator was developed to evaluate the mechanical properties of microfabricated polysilicon thin films that were 100–660 mm long, 20–200 μm wide, and 2.4-μm thick. It was found that the measured average value of Young's modulus, 164 GPa ± 1.2 GPa, falls within the theoretical bounds. The average fracture strength is 1.36 GPa with a standard deviation of 0.14 GPa, and the Weibull modulus is 10.4–11.7. Statistical analysis of the specimen size effects on the tensile strength predicated the size effects on the length, the surface area, and the volume of the specimens. The fracture strength increases with an increase of the ratio of surface area to volume. In such cases, the size effect can be corrected to the ratio of the surface area to volume as the governing parameter. The test data accounts for the uncertainties in mechanical properties and may be used to enhance the reliability and design of polysilicon microelectromechanical systems devices.

In this work, an attempt has been made to reveal critical factors dominating the crystallization and soft magnetic properties of Fe 81 Si x B 10 P 8− x Cu 1 ( x  = 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8) alloys. Both melt spun and annealed alloys are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and magnetometry. The changes in magnetic interaction between Fe atoms and chemical homogeneity can well explain the variation of magnetic properties of Fe 81 Si x B 10 P 8− x Cu 1 amorphous alloys. The density of nucleation sites in the amorphous precursors decreases in the substitution of P by Si. Meanwhile, the precipitated nanograins gradually coarsen, but the inhibiting effect of P on grain growth diminishes causing the increase of the crystallinity. Moreover, various site occupancies of Si are observed in the nanocrystallites and the Si occupancy in bcc Fe decreases the average magnetic moment of nanograins. Without sacrificing amorphous forming ability, we can obtain FeSiBPCu nanocrystalline alloy with excellent soft magnetic properties by optimizing the content of Si and P in the amorphous precursors.

This study used glucose, fructose, maltose and dextran to explore the effects of different carbohydrates on the Maillard reaction of casein phosphopeptides (CPP). The color parameter results showed that heating time from 1 to 5 h led to brown color, which was consistent with the observed increased in browning intensity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results verified that four carbohydrates reacted with CPP to produce Maillard conjugates. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the Maillard reaction changed the tertiary structure of CPP by decreasing the intrinsic fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity compared with the CPP-carbohydrate mixture. At the same time, the Maillard reaction effectively improved the emulsifying properties, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity of CPP. Furthermore, this study also found that glucose and fructose improved CPP more than maltose and dextran. Therefore, monosaccharides have good potential in modifying CPP via the Maillard reaction. Graphical Abstract

In the present study, Auricularia auricular polysaccharides (AAP) and Auricularia auricular proteins (AAPR) obtained from the waste products of Auricularia auricular were incorporated into pullulan (PUL) to obtain active packaging films/coatings. Results showed that incorporating AAP/AAPR into PUL-based films decreased their transparency, but increased the compactness, thermal stability, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Adding 2% PUL films with 10%:10% of AAP/AAPR exhibiting good mechanical properties were applied to fresh-cut potatoes to avoid spoilage during eight days of storage, with significantly decreased in browning index, weight loss, microbial growth prevention and the total soluble solids was maintained. These results substantiated that pullulan containing AAP/AAPR as an active film/coating with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties has significant potential for maintaining safety and quality of fresh-cut potatoes and extending their shelf life.

Background Increasing epidemic of ischemic stroke (IS) makes it urgent to understand the pathogenesis and regulatory mechanism, previous studies have described microRNAs (miRNAs) is part of the brain's response to ischemia. Objective The aim of this study was to screen potential biomarkers for the prediction and novel treatment of IS. Methods Differentially expressed miRNAs were screened from three newly diagnosed IS patients and three controls by RNA sequencing technology. Furthermore, target prediction databases were then used to analysis the target genes of different expressed miRNAs, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database were used to identify the functions and the main biochemical and signal pathways of differentially expressed target genes. Results Our results revealed that 27 miRNAs were differentially expressed in IS, among which, hsa-miR-659-5p was the most highly increased and was first found to be associated with IS. In addition, KEGG pathway analyses showed that differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly significantly enriched in lysosome pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, spliceosome pathway, base excision repair pathway. Conclusions miRNAs were involved in IS pathogenesis, and hsa-miR-659-5p, hsa-miR-151a-3p and hsa-miR-29c-5p as the three highest |log2FoldChange| regulation in this study, which may be the biomarkers of IS and need further study.

Minor content of Mo was added to Fe 83− x B 10 C 6 Cu 1 Mo x ( x  = 0–1.25) alloys to improve soft magnetic properties. DC–BH loop tracer measurements show that Fe 82.25 B 10 C 6 Cu 1 Mo 0.75 nanocrystalline alloy exhibits a coercivity H C as low as 2.1 A/m without the expense of saturation flux density. Transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy confirms that proper content of Mo would induce high degree of composition fluctuation facilitating the nucleation process, which is consistent with the DSC analysis. The excellent soft magnetic properties of this alloy are thus ascribed to the ultrafine α-Fe grains separating in the amorphous matrix as revealed by TEM measurements.