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Bodies make immaterial, impermanent, and impregnable urban geographies, and thereby affirm and claim the open spaces of the city as fields of opportunity, repositories of not pacified and controversial rituals, therefore fruitful. Bodies have an explicit design value; they are cognitive as well as configurative tools. When we put bodies at the center of the project, we outline performative landscapes in both environmental and aesthetic, emotional and behavioral terms. At the same time, we male authentically erotic landscapes, which are opportunities for mixing, commingling, generating situations pulsating with life. We make landscape of great sensualism, in the very sense of expansion and amplification of sensibilities attentive to contextual interactions, both present and eventual. This paper investigates some of declinations of this statement, going through different scales and fields, from urban history to art history, and then dwells on some notable examples of contemporary landscape architecture.

Terminata la fase più intensa e drammatica del contagio da Coronavirus, l’osservazione di alcune sue conseguenze sugli spazi aperti urbani potrebbe essere utile per l’avanzamento del progetto, al di là della contingenza emergenziale. In particolare, si sollevano due questioni. La prima: dopo che l’assenza degli umani ha rivelato la presenza di altri esseri viventi, vegetali e animali, nello spazio urbano, potrebbe ora essere possibile e persino desiderabile stabilire con essi rinnovate condizioni di compresenza, alla luce delle più avvertite posizioni del pensiero contemporaneo sulla necessità del superamento del dualismo oppositivo tra natura e cultura, tra natura e città. La seconda questione ci interroga su dove e come saranno gli spazi attraenti, centrali e capaci di coesione sociale del futuro prossimo, ora che, esautorati dagli spazi pubblici tradizionali, abbiamo fatto esperienza della qualità silenziosa di molti ambiti di amnesia urbana, fuori dall’ortodossia dei consueti codici di comportamento e perciò disponibili ad accogliere usi, pratiche e rituali inventivi.

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the topic of adaptive reuse referring to urban open spaces into a more-than-human perspective. It underlines that dealing with heritage means being part of an inherent and ongoing process of transformation and so that reuse is inextricably an adaptive practice, constantly facing mutations, and that adaptation is a coral practice that involves different kinds of users and makers, inclusive of human and not human livings.Design/methodology/approachThis paper looks at the lexicon of abandonment, in search of the more essential and intense meanings of words, and at some pioneering practices in Europe to comprehend the aesthetic and ethical implications of adaptive reuse of neglected landscapes.FindingsProcesses of reuse involve many different communities of users who in turn continuously redesign the site, into a comprehensive, coral and conflicting collaboration, whose results are never given once for all and are both uncanny and beautiful, scaring and marvellous, like a monster.Practical implicationsAccepting the idea that humans are not the only users and makers of urban sites can widen the range of tools, methods and values involved in heritage adaptive reuse.Originality/valueThis paper tries to widen the meanings of adaptation into a multispecies perspective. It intends to broaden the range of agents that can be involved as users and makers, assuming a more-than-human point of view that is not yet commonly applied.

The Pontine Plain exemplifies the controversial shift from the Modernist radical attempt to reshape the landscape and the likewise radical return to bare nature of recent decades. The wildest European landscape extended very close to Rome for many centuries, until the Fascist Swamps Battle invented the Agro Pontino. Recently, marshy places have been recreated as plant-based sewage-treatment facilities, mimicking natural plots, into the Thirties’ grid. So, while the Fascist remediation deleted the swamp’s ecological thickness, lately no less doctrinal positions plead for the atonement of its ecocide. Today the Plain is a huge agricultural area undergoing changes: wetlands sometimes emerge through the grid of roads and Eucalyptus-lines, side by side the agricultural fields, dotted with industrial plants and weekend-home resorts, while local people use canals and floodable areas for leisure time, suggesting unpredictable new rural/urban/wild public spaces. How can we deal with this dynamic landscape and combine rural fruitfulness, historical heritage, ecological culture and new ways of living? We propose a general strategy, inspired by the Italian ancient agricultural practice of the marcite , and introduce productive wetlands, combining the bold 1930s’ layout with wetlands wig-wag; the farm production with new social behaviour; the historical identity with ecological processes. The aim is to overcome the cliché of dualistic opposition (water/land, marshes/farming, settlements/wilderness) in favour of coexistence, overlapping, simultaneity, negotiation.

Confrontarsi con l’acqua come ambito del progetto richiede un esercizio di sguardo e di concettualizzazione – intellettuale, grafica e spaziale – in grado di verificare e rinnovare molte delle tassonomie con cui comunemente si dispongono le forme, gli stati e i comportamenti di questa materia. Il testo che segue riflette sull’opportunità di interrogare le separazioni tra terra e acqua e volgersi piuttosto a considerare il paesaggio come un’inevitabile condizione anfibia, trovando indizi nelle ricerche di Anuradha Mathur e Dilip da Cuhna e nei progetti di alcuni luoghi iconici del patrimonio monumentale di Roma. Sebbene lontanissimi, per collocazione geografica e temporale, i due riferimenti convergono nel destabilizzare alcune convinzioni accreditate – ad esempio, l’esistenza dei fiumi, la separazione tra fiumi e città o tra edifici e spazi aperti – dimostrando che il paesaggio è il dominio dell’umidità con concentrazioni differenziate e che occorre aggiornare l’immaginario idrologico corrente per renderlo capace di generare nuovi strumenti ideativi e operativi, utili al progetto di paesaggio.

Background Postnatal depression is a non-psychotic depressive disorder that begins within 4 weeks of childbirth and occurs in 13% of mothers and 10% of fathers. A prospective study with the aim to evaluate the prevalence of postnatal depression by screening parents with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in the Italian paediatric primary care setting was performed. Methods Mothers and fathers of infants born between 1 February and 31 July 2012, living in Italy’s Milan-1 local health unit area, represented the target population of this pilot study. Parents attending well-child visits at any of the family paediatricians’ offices between 60 to 90 days postpartum were asked to participate in the screening and to fill out the EPDS questionnaire. A cut-off score of 12 was used to identify parents with postnatal depression symptoms. Maternal and paternal socio-demographic variables and information concerning pregnancy and delivery were also collected. To investigate the association between screening positivity (dependent variable) and socio-demographic variables and factors related to pregnancy and delivery, a Pearson’s χ2 test was used. Moreover, a stepwise multivariate logistic regression was carried out to evaluate the risk factors that most influence the probability of suffering from postnatal depression. Results In all, 126 out of 2706 (4.7%, 95% CI 3.9–5.5%) mothers and 24 out of 1420 (1.7%, 95% CI 1.0–2.4%) fathers were found to be positive for depressive symptoms. Women with mood disorders and anxiety during pregnancy were at increased risk of postpartum depression (OR 22.9, 95% CI 12.1–43.4). Only 11 mothers (8.7%) positive to EPDS screening attended a psychiatric service, and for 8 of them the diagnosis of postnatal depression was confirmed. Conclusions The prevalence of postnatal depression was lower than previously reported. Routine screening resulted ineffective, since few mothers found positive for depression symptoms decided to attend psychiatric services.