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Japanese Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius is a commercially important species in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea, but there is limited knowledge of its genetic population structure. In order to detect its genetic structure, sequence variation of the first hypervariable segment of the control region was analyzed among eight populations of S. niphonius from the East China Sea and Yellow Sea. A total of 119 polymorphic sites were detected in the 505-bp segment of the control region among 134 individuals of S. niphonius, defining 112 haplotypes. Mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity for the eight populations were 0.9963+-0.0017 and 0.0236+-0.0119, respectively. As expected, analysis of molecular variance detected no significant differences at all hierarchical levels, and most of the conventional population Phisub(ST) statistics were negative, indicating that no significant population genetic structure exists in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea. Moreover, the exact test of differentiation supported the null hypothesis that S. niphonius within the East China Sea and Yellow Sea constitutes a panmictic mtDNA gene pool. Neutrality tests and mismatch distribution revealed that S. niphonius underwent population expansion in the late Pleistocene. Strong dispersal capacity of larvae and adults, long-distance migrations, and ocean currents in the studied area could be the reasons for genetic homogeneity in this species in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea. Insufficient time to accumulate genetic variation might be another explanation for the lack of genetic structure in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea.

The experiments of elicitation and in situ adsorption were conducted in shake flasks and then tested in a modified bubble column bioreactor for enhancing the productions of three active metabolites in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., triptolide, wilforgine and wilforine. Methyl jasmonate was screened out as the elicitor and the non-ionic polymeric ion-exchange resin of Amberlite ® XAD-7 was used for in situ product removal and protecting the alkaloids from degradation in the medium. In shake flask experiments, 3.55-fold, 49.11-fold, and 10.40-fold of triptolide, wilforgine, and wilforine, respectively, could be recovered from the medium and XAD-7 resin by elicitation and in situ product removal, compared with the control. The modified 10 L bubble column bioreactor had similar productions of the three active metabolites but needed a further optimization of parameters for better growth of adventitious roots.

The dispersed sewage in some areas which are far from the city's municipal pipelines has not been treated properly. That the effluents are directly discharged without treatment can cause adverse effects on the surrounding environments. In order to treat the dispersed sewage, which has characteristic of high concentration of BOD5 or NH3-N, the designers have developed an ecological treatment technology for sewage, which is called Modular Eco-Percolation Tank Process and applied to a highway service area in Shandong Province. The statistics of treated sewage has shown that the Modular Eco-Percolation Tank Process has good applicability for the sewage treatment in the service area. The treated effluents have a stable quality which has reached the water quality standard and can be directly discharged into the environment.

There are a large number of hazard sources in the construction site, and each hazard source may cause a safety accident. Therefore, timely and accurate identification of hazard sources becomes a necessary for safety management at the construction site. Along with the characteristics of the construction site of the Maozhou River Rehabilitation Project, from the four aspects of management, people, environment and objects, the causal analysis method is used to analyze the hazard sources of safety accident at the construction site. According to the analyzed hazard sources, the total safety management of the project was realized through the PDCA cycle.