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The interfacial effect is important for anodes of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) to achieve superior lithium-ion storage performance. In this paper, a MoS2/FeS2 heterojunction is synthesized by a simple hydrothermal reaction to construct the interface effect, and the heterostructure introduces an inherent electric field that accelerates the de-embedding process of lithium ions, improves the electron transfer capability, and effectively mitigates volume expansion. XPS analysis confirms evident chemical interaction between MoS2 and FeS2 via an interfacial covalent bond (Mo–S–Fe). This MoS2/FeS2 anode shows a distinct interfacial effect for efficient interatomic electron migration. The electrochemical performance demonstrated that the discharge capacity can reach up to 1217.8 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 200 cycles, with a capacity retention rate of 72.9%. After 2000 cycles, the capacity retention is about 61.6% at 1.0 A g−1, and the discharge capacity can still reach 638.9 mA h g−1. Electrochemical kinetic analysis indicated an enhanced pseudocapacitance contribution and that the MoS2/FeS2 had sufficient adsorption of lithium ions. This paper therefore argues that this interfacial engineering is an effective solution for designing sulfide-based anodes with good electrochemical properties.

The rational design of the heterogeneous interfaces enables precise adjustment of the electronic structure and optimization of the kinetics for electron/ion migration in energy storage materials. In this work, the built-in electric field is introduced to the iron-based anode material (Fe2O3@TiO2) through the well-designed heterostructure. This model serves as an ideal platform for comprehending the atomic-level optimization of electron transfer in advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As a result, the core-shell Fe2O3@TiO2 delivers a remarkable discharge capacity of 1342 mAh g−1 and an extraordinary capacity retention of 82.7% at 0.1 A g−1 after 300 cycles. Fe2O3@TiO2 shows an excellent rate performance from 0.1 A g−1 to 4.0 A g−1. Further, the discharge capacity of Fe2O3@TiO2 reached 736 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 after 2000 cycles, and the corresponding capacity retention is 83.62%. The heterostructure forms a conventional p-n junction, successfully constructing the built-in electric field and lithium-ion reservoir. The kinetic analysis demonstrates that Fe2O3@TiO2 displays high pseudocapacitance behavior (77.8%) and fast lithium-ion reaction kinetics. The capability of heterointerface engineering to optimize electrochemical reaction kinetics offers novel insights for constructing high-performance iron-based anodes for LIBs.

The interfacial effect is important for anodes of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) to achieve superior lithium-ion storage performance. In this paper, a MoS[sub.2]/FeS[sub.2] heterojunction is synthesized by a simple hydrothermal reaction to construct the interface effect, and the heterostructure introduces an inherent electric field that accelerates the de-embedding process of lithium ions, improves the electron transfer capability, and effectively mitigates volume expansion. XPS analysis confirms evident chemical interaction between MoS[sub.2] and FeS[sub.2] via an interfacial covalent bond (Mo–S–Fe). This MoS[sub.2]/FeS[sub.2] anode shows a distinct interfacial effect for efficient interatomic electron migration. The electrochemical performance demonstrated that the discharge capacity can reach up to 1217.8 mA h g[sup.−1] at 0.1 A g[sup.−1] after 200 cycles, with a capacity retention rate of 72.9%. After 2000 cycles, the capacity retention is about 61.6% at 1.0 A g[sup.−1], and the discharge capacity can still reach 638.9 mA h g[sup.−1]. Electrochemical kinetic analysis indicated an enhanced pseudocapacitance contribution and that the MoS[sub.2]/FeS[sub.2] had sufficient adsorption of lithium ions. This paper therefore argues that this interfacial engineering is an effective solution for designing sulfide-based anodes with good electrochemical properties.

Excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been shown to exacerbate inflammatory injury and organ damage in patients with sepsis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) abnormally expressed in immune cells of sepsis patients, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of dysregulated immune responses. However, the functions of circRNAs in NET formation during sepsis remain unknown. Here, we identified circIRAK3, a novel circRNA that was upregulated in peripheral blood neutrophils of sepsis patients. Combining clinical data, we revealed that elevated circIRAK3 was positively correlated with blood NET levels. Furthermore, knockdown and overexpression in differentiated HL-60 (dHL-60) neutrophil-like cells demonstrated that circIRAK3 promoted NET formation. In addition, we found that circIRAK3 promoted NET formation via positively regulating elastase expression in dHL-60 cells when treated with inflammatory stimuli. Mechanistically, circIRAK3 directly interacted with ELAVL1 to improve ELANE mRNA stability and consequently promote elastase protein expression. In summary, our study reveals that circIRAK3 promotes NET formation in sepsis by increasing ELANE mRNA levels.

The rational design of the heterogeneous interfaces enables precise adjustment of the electronic structure and optimization of the kinetics for electron/ion migration in energy storage materials. In this work, the built-in electric field is introduced to the iron-based anode material (Fe[sub.2]O[sub.3]@TiO[sub.2]) through the well-designed heterostructure. This model serves as an ideal platform for comprehending the atomic-level optimization of electron transfer in advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As a result, the core-shell Fe[sub.2]O[sub.3]@TiO[sub.2] delivers a remarkable discharge capacity of 1342 mAh g[sup.−1] and an extraordinary capacity retention of 82.7% at 0.1 A g[sup.−1] after 300 cycles. Fe[sub.2]O[sub.3]@TiO[sub.2] shows an excellent rate performance from 0.1 A g[sup.−1] to 4.0 A g[sup.−1]. Further, the discharge capacity of Fe[sub.2]O[sub.3]@TiO[sub.2] reached 736 mAh g[sup.−1] at 1.0 A g[sup.−1] after 2000 cycles, and the corresponding capacity retention is 83.62%. The heterostructure forms a conventional p-n junction, successfully constructing the built-in electric field and lithium-ion reservoir. The kinetic analysis demonstrates that Fe[sub.2]O[sub.3]@TiO[sub.2] displays high pseudocapacitance behavior (77.8%) and fast lithium-ion reaction kinetics. The capability of heterointerface engineering to optimize electrochemical reaction kinetics offers novel insights for constructing high-performance iron-based anodes for LIBs.

The interfacial effect is important for anodes of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) to achieve superior lithium-ion storage performance. In this paper, a MoS /FeS heterojunction is synthesized by a simple hydrothermal reaction to construct the interface effect, and the heterostructure introduces an inherent electric field that accelerates the de-embedding process of lithium ions, improves the electron transfer capability, and effectively mitigates volume expansion. XPS analysis confirms evident chemical interaction between MoS and FeS via an interfacial covalent bond (Mo-S-Fe). This MoS /FeS anode shows a distinct interfacial effect for efficient interatomic electron migration. The electrochemical performance demonstrated that the discharge capacity can reach up to 1217.8 mA h g at 0.1 A g after 200 cycles, with a capacity retention rate of 72.9%. After 2000 cycles, the capacity retention is about 61.6% at 1.0 A g , and the discharge capacity can still reach 638.9 mA h g . Electrochemical kinetic analysis indicated an enhanced pseudocapacitance contribution and that the MoS /FeS had sufficient adsorption of lithium ions. This paper therefore argues that this interfacial engineering is an effective solution for designing sulfide-based anodes with good electrochemical properties.

Positive psycap refers to the individual’s psychological state and psychological quality, which plays a vital role in the individual growth and development. This paper uses network analysis and a mediation model to explore the relationship among middle school students’ perceived social support, self-esteem, and positive psycap from the perspective of internal and external network structures and mechanisms. In this study, 736 middle school students (350 males) from two middle schools in Hebei Province participated in questionnaire surveys. The results revealed a positive correlation among three variables, especially with a moderately positive correlation between self-esteem and positive psycap scores.​ Network visualization analysis identified key nodes and edges, such as PSSS9, SE10, PPQ5, and PPQ19, as well as strong connections between PSSS3-PSSS9, SE9-SE10, and PPQ5-PPQ19. Stability and accuracy analyses confirmed the reliability of the centrality indices, and the resampling results were highly consistent with the sample.​ Furthermore, the mediation analysis indicated that perceived social support positively predicts positive psycap, and it also positively predicts self-esteem. And self-esteem can positively predict positive psycap. Perceived social support has a significant indirect effect on positive psycap through the mediating role of self-esteem, accounting for 32.4% of the total effect. These findings provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying adolescents’ psychological health. By fostering their perceived social support and self-esteem, their positive psychological qualities can be promoted, which is crucial for their growth and development.

Chinese herbal medicine is an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine and herbalism, and has important significance in the treatment combined with modern medicine. The correct use of Chinese herbal medicine, including identification and classification, is crucial to the life safety of patients. Recently, deep learning has achieved advanced performance in image classification, and researchers have applied this technology to carry out classification work on traditional Chinese medicine and its products. Therefore, this paper uses the improved ConvNeXt network to extract features and classify traditional Chinese medicine. Its structure is to fuse ConvNeXt with ACMix network to improve the performance of ConvNeXt feature extraction. Through using data processing and data augmentation techniques, the sample size is indirectly expanded, the generalization ability is enhanced, and the feature extraction ability is improved. A traditional Chinese medicine classification model is established, and the good recognition results are achieved. Finally, the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine identification is verified through the established classification model, and different depth of network models are compared to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the model.

Reasoning is a fundamental cognitive process that allows individuals to make inferences, decisions, and solve problems. Understanding the neural mechanisms of reasoning and the gender differences in these mechanisms is crucial for comprehending the neural foundations of reasoning and promoting gender equality in cognitive processing. This study conducted an Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 275 studies, revealing that reasoning involves multiple brain regions, including the parts of frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal lobes, limbic system, and subcortical areas. These findings indicate that reasoning is a complex cognitive process requiring the coordinated activity of multiple brain regions. Additionally, 25 studies focusing on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) paradigm confirmed the importance of these regions in reasoning processes. The gender-specific activation results indicate that males and females utilize different neural networks during reasoning and WCST tasks. While significant differences exist in specific regions, the overall activation patterns do not show marked gender differences. Notably, females exhibit greater activation in the limbic system compared to males, suggesting that emotional states may play a more prominent role for females when engaging in reasoning tasks.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) impaires spermatogenesis. This study was carried out, aiming to determine whether butyric acid (NaB) avoids the HUA-induced decline of sperm quality HUA mice were developed through intra-peritoneal injection of the potassium oxalate combined with intragastric uric acid (UA) and by tube feeding 300 mg·kg-1·d-1NaB. The effect of NaB on the reproduction of HUA male mice was determined by measuring sperm count, sperm motility and testosterone content. In addition, TM3 and GC-2 cells were treated with a solution containing 30 mg/dl UA and 1mM NaB. The effects of NaB on the sperm quality were evaluated with the expression level of the genes involving in LH/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and meiosis, and that encoding OPRL1 receptor protein. Results showed that NaB improved sperm count, sperm motility, testosterone synthesis, and impaired spermatocyte meiosis via HUA. In addition, in vitro analysis showed that NaB activated the LH/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway of TM3 cells, promoted the synthesis of testosterone, up-regulated the content of pain-sensitive peptide receptor (OPRL1) on the surface of GC-2 cells, and promoted meiosis. NaB also promoted the utilization of ATP by GC-2 cells. We illustrated a close relationship between HUA and spermatogenesis defects. NaB-promoted the expression of the genes functioning in testis meiosis, and the testosterone content may aid to improving spermatogenesis quality.