Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
92,591
result(s) for
"Michel, Y."
Sort by:
اليهود في البلدان الإسلامية (1850-1950)
يلقي هذا الكتاب الضوء على (تاريخ اليهود في البلدان الإسلامية خلال الفترة الممتدة من منتصف القرن التاسع عشر حتى منتصف القرن العشرين) ويقدم الكتاب-في ما يزيد على العشرين دراسة لأربعة من الباحثين المتخصصين في دراسة تاريخ يهود العالم العربي والإسلامي وحررها وقدم لها الباحث صموئيل أتينجر-تحليلا شاملا للتاريخ الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والفكري ليهود آسيا والدولة العثمانية، ودول شمال أفريقيا ومصر، والتحولات الجذرية التي شهدها اﻟﻤﺠتمع اليهودي التقليدي منذ منتصف القرن التاسع عشر حتى نهاية الفترة موضوع الدراسة. ويوضح الكتاب الاختلاف الشديد بين تاريخ يهود الشرق ويهود أوروبا، ففي الوقت الذي نعم فيه يهود البلدان الإسلامية بالتسامح، مما أتاح لهم فرصة الاندماج في مجتمعاتهم، بلغت حملات اضطهاد اليهود في أوروبا ذروتها، وتعرضوا للمذابح في روسيا-خلال النصف الثاني من القرن التاسع عشر، ثم في ألمانيا النازية في النصف الأول من القرن العشرين-ورغم ذلك فإن البلدان العربية الإسلامية هي التي دفعت ثمن الاضطهاد الغربي لليهود، عندما شكل هذا الاضطهاد مبررا معنويا للغرب لتجميع اليهود في دولة واحدة هي التي أصبحت فيما بعد دولة إسرائيل. أما اﻟﻤﺠتمع الغربي الذي تسبب في هذا كله فقد تنصل من مسؤولياته، بل ساعد في إلقاء الجريمة على أكتاف اﻟﻤﺠتمع العربي.
Book
Nitric oxide signalling in cardiovascular health and disease
Nitric oxide (NO) signalling has pleiotropic roles in biology and a crucial function in cardiovascular homeostasis. Tremendous knowledge has been accumulated on the mechanisms of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-NO pathway, but how this highly reactive, free radical gas signals to specific targets for precise regulation of cardiovascular function remains the focus of much intense research. In this Review, we summarize the updated paradigms on NOS regulation, NO interaction with reactive oxidant species in specific subcellular compartments, and downstream effects of NO in target cardiovascular tissues, while emphasizing the latest developments of molecular tools and biomarkers to modulate and monitor NO production and bioavailability.
Journal Article
Extracellular Vesicles in Adipose Tissue Communication with the Healthy and Pathological Heart
Adipose tissue and its diverse cell types constitute one of the largest endocrine organs. With multiple depot locations, adipose tissue plays an important regulatory role through paracrine and endocrine communication, particularly through the secretion of a wide range of bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids or adipocytokines. Over the past several years, research has uncovered a myriad of interorgan communication signals mediated by small lipid-derived nanovesicles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), in which secreted bioactive molecules are stably transported as cargo molecules and delivered to adjacent cells or remote organs. EVs constitute an essential part of the human adipose secretome, and there is a growing body of evidence showing the crucial implications of adipose-derived EVs in the regulation of heart function and its adaptative capacity. The adipose tissue modifications and dysfunction observed in obesity and aging tremendously affect the adipose-EV secretome, with important consequences for the myocardium. The present review presents a comprehensive analysis of the findings in this novel area of research, reports the key roles played by adipose-derived EVs in interorgan cross-talk with the heart and discusses their implications in physiological and pathological conditions affecting adipose tissue and/or the heart (pressure overload, ischemia, diabetic cardiomyopathy, etc.).
Journal Article
The Natural History of T Cell Metabolism
The cells of the immune system, particularly the T lymphocytes, have two main features that distinguish them from the cells of other tissues. They proliferate after activation and have the ability to move in tissues and organs. These characteristics compel them to develop metabolic plasticity in order to fulfil their immune function. This review focuses on the different known mechanisms that allow T cells to adapt their metabolism to the real-life circumstances they operate in, whether it is to exit quiescence, to differentiate into effector cells, or to participate in immune memory formation. Some of the metabolic adaptations to environmental variations that T cells are likely to undergo in their immune monitoring function are also discussed.
Journal Article
A Review of Seasonal Energy Storage for Net-Zero Industrial Heat: Thermal and Power-to-X Storage Including the Novel Concept of Renewable Metal Energy Carriers
Achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 requires CO2-neutral industrial process heat, with seasonal energy storage (SES) playing a crucial role in balancing supply and demand. This study reviews thermal energy storage (TES) and Power-to-X (P2X) technologies for applications without thermal grids, assessing their feasibility, state of the art, opportunities, and challenges. Underground TES (UTES), such as aquifer and borehole storage, offer 1–26 times lower annual heat storage costs than above-ground tanks. For P2X, hydrogen storage in salt caverns is 80% less expensive than in high-pressure tanks. Methane and methanol storage costs depend on CO2 sourcing, while Renewable Metal Energy Carriers (ReMECs), such as aluminum and iron, offer high energy density and up to 580 times lower storage volume, with aluminum potentially achieving the lowest Levelized Cost of X Storage (LCOXS) at a rate of 180 EUR/MWh of energy discharged. Underground TES and hydrogen caverns are cost-effective but face spatial/geological constraints. P2X alternatives have established infrastructure but have lower efficiency, whereas ReMECs show promise for large-scale storage. However, economic viability remains a challenge due to very few annual cycles, which require significant reductions of investment cost and annual cost of capital (CAPEX), as well as improvements in overall system efficiency to minimize losses. These findings highlight the trade-offs between cost, space requirements, and the feasibility of SES deployment in industry.
Journal Article
Statistical Mechanics of Electrowetting
We derive the ab initio equilibrium statistical mechanics of the gas–liquid–solid contact angle on planar periodic, monodisperse, textured surfaces subject to electrowetting. To that end, we extend an earlier theory that predicts the advance or recession of the contact line amount to distinct first-order phase transitions of the filling state in the ensemble of nearby surface cavities. Upon calculating the individual capacitance of a cavity subject to the influence of its near neighbors, we show how hysteresis, which is manifested by different advancing and receding contact angles, is affected by electrowetting. The analysis reveals nine distinct regimes characterizing contact angle behavior, three of which arise only when a voltage is applied to the conductive liquid drop. As the square voltage is progressively increased, the theory elucidates how the drop occasionally undergoes regime transitions triggering jumps in the contact angle, possibly changing its hysteresis, or saturating it at a value weakly dependent on further voltage growth. To illustrate these phenomena and validate the theory, we confront its predictions with four data sets. A benefit of the theory is that it forsakes trial and error when designing textured surfaces with specific contact angle behavior.
Journal Article
Intermolecular dark resonance energy transfer (DRET) for high contrast imaging of endogenous mRNAs in 3D biological samples
In cellulo detection of RNA molecules is a cornerstone for understanding many biological processes, with recent advances heavily centered on fluorescence-based strategies. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer process stands out as an indispensable tool due to the high specificity of the signal emitted by the acceptor when in proximity to the donor. However, inherent crosstalk between the spectral bands of FRET-compatible fluorophores often diminishes detection sensitivity. Capitalizing on the unique capacity of poorly emissive fluorophores to transfer their energy by resonance, we previously introduced the intermolecular Dark-RET (DRET) concept. This approach has the advantage of minimizing the background noise while maximizing the fluorogenic response via the acceptor emission channel. In this study, we refined both theoretical and hands-on aspects of the DRET approach, providing a readily accessible framework to the scientific community. We further underscored its potential to generate a specific fluorogenic response upon target recognition by detecting the
oskar
mRNA in the biological context of
Drosophila
oocytes. Combining in situ hybridization experiments with confocal imaging, we demonstrated the ability of the intermolecular DRET approach to generate high signal-to-noise ratios and specific target recognition, highlighting the benefits of the intermolecular DRET strategy compared to standard FRET approaches.
Journal Article
Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes predict response to definitive chemoradiotherapy in head and neck cancer
Background:
We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes’ (TILs) expression in pretreatment specimens from patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
Methods:
The prevalence of CD3+, CD8+, CD4+ and FOXP3+ TILs was assessed using immunohistochemistry in tumour tissue obtained from 101 patients before CRT and was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics as well as local failure-free- (LFFS), distant metastases free- (DMFS), progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Survival curves were measured using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences in survival between the groups were estimated using the log-rank test. Prognostic effects of TIL subset density were determined using the Cox regression analysis.
Results:
With a mean follow-up of 25 months (range, 2.3–63 months), OS at 2 years was 57.4% for the entire cohort. Patients with high immunohistochemical CD3 and CD8 expression had significantly increased OS (
P
=0.024 and
P
=0.028), PFS (
P
=0.044 and
P
=0.047) and DMFS (
P
=0.021 and
P
=0.026) but not LFFS (
P
=0.90 and
P
=0.104) in multivariate analysis that included predictive clinicopathologic factors, such as age, sex, T-stage, N-stage, tumour grading and localisation. Neither CD4 nor FOXP3 expression showed significance for the clinical outcome. The lower N-stage was associated with improved OS in the multivariate analysis (
P
=0.049).
Conclusion:
The positive correlation between a high number of infiltrating CD3+ and CD8+ cells and clinical outcome indicates that TILs may have a beneficial role in HNSCC patients and may serve as a biomarker to identify patients likely to benefit from definitive CRT.
Journal Article
The Beta3 Adrenergic Receptor in Healthy and Pathological Cardiovascular Tissues
The third isotype of beta-adrenoreceptors (β3-AR) has recently come (back) into focus after the observation of its expression in white and beige human adipocytes and its implication in metabolic regulation. This coincides with the recent development and marketing of agonists at the human receptor with superior specificity. Twenty years ago, however, we and others described the expression of β3-AR in human myocardium and its regulation of contractility and cardiac remodeling. Subsequent work from many laboratories has since expanded the characterization of β3-AR involvement in many aspects of cardiovascular physio(patho)logy, justifying the present effort to update current paradigms under the light of the most recent evidence.
Journal Article
Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of anticoccidial drugs in veterinary formulations: greenness and whiteness assessment
Intestinal coccidiosis is a significant parasitic disease affecting poultry, resulting in substantial economic losses for the industry. It compromises the nutrition absorption, leading to weight loss and elevated mortality rates. Furthermore, the stress caused by the infection can compromise the immune system, making poultry more susceptible to secondary infections and reducing overall productivity. As a result, simple analytical techniques are critical for determining anticoccidial drugs. A new, sensitive, and environmentally friendly HPLC method was developed for determining amprolium (AMP), sulfaquinoxaline (SUL), diaveridine (DIV), and vitamin K3 (VIT K3) in their formulations for the first time. Stability tests were performed under diverse stress conditions to verify the safety and efficiency of the formulation throughout its designated shelf time. These investigations ascertain the influence of various environmental conditions on a drug’s chemical stability and physical characteristics. A Supelcosil C18 column was used as the stationary phase, and 0.05 M KH
2
PO
4
and acetonitrile were mixed in a ratio of 80:20 (v/v) as the developing system with a flow rate of 2.0 mL min
−1
. The proposed drugs were quantified at 260 nm. It was tested and found that the novel analytical method was linear for AMP and SUL between 20.0 and 60.0 µg mL
−1
, 2.0–6.0 µg mL
−1
for VIT K3, and 2.1–6.3 µg mL
−1
for DIV. The anticipated method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Advanced evaluation tools, such as GAPI, Red Green Blue (RGB 12, whiteness), Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), the Analytical Eco-Scale, and (AGREE) assessed the sustainability profile of the proposed method, illustrating its enhanced environmental friendliness and sustainability.
Journal Article